GB2172030A - Rock hammer for underwater use - Google Patents
Rock hammer for underwater use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2172030A GB2172030A GB08505554A GB8505554A GB2172030A GB 2172030 A GB2172030 A GB 2172030A GB 08505554 A GB08505554 A GB 08505554A GB 8505554 A GB8505554 A GB 8505554A GB 2172030 A GB2172030 A GB 2172030A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- rock
- hammer
- recesses
- stratum
- set forth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/26—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by impact tools, e.g. by chisels or other tools having a cutting edge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/02—Percussive tool bits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A rock hammer (1) has a lower breaking blade portion (3) including first and second hydraulic flow producing recesses (6), (10) formed in the front, rear and side surfaces and reducing in width as the recesses extend downwardly; and an annularly bulged portion (4) positioned between said upper and lower portions and having a rectangular configuration as seen in the horizontal direction. For use in cutting away underwater rock, the hammer is rapidly dropped from a pontoon so as to cut into the stratum (12); the rock fragments produced are displayed sideways by the flow of the water produced by the recesses on the hammer surfaces, so that subsequent falls of the hammer and depth plumbing are not impeded. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Rock hammer for underwater use
This invention relates to a rock hammer and more particularly, to a rock hammer which is adapted to be used in digging the rock stratum at the bottom of the water for developing sailing lanes and constructing sea and river banks.
A variety of rock hammers of the above type have been known in the art and almost ali the conventional rock hammers have stream line side surfaces. The conventional rock hammers having weights of several several ten tons are suspended by means of a wire rope from a crane aboard a rock-cutting pontoon or the like and dropped onto an area of the rock stratum at the bottom of the water to be dug by rapidly unreeling the wire rope above the particular rock stratum area so that the edge of the rock hammer strikes against the rock stratum area with a high blow to break the rock stratum area into small rock fragments encountering a minimum resistance from the water at the moment of the dropping of the hammer.
However, when the rock stratum digging operation is carried out by the use of the conventional rock hammer, small rock fragments produced by the breaking on the rock stratum remain in the spot where the fragments were produced. As a result, the
presence of the rock fragments at the spot where they were produced not only interferes with subsequent digging operations on the rock stratum, but also makes it impossible to plumb in the water in the vicinity of the rock stratum spot, resulting in lower
ing of the operation efficiency of the rock hammer.
For example, when a conventional rock hammer
having the weight of 25 tons digs in granite having
compressive strength of the order of 800 kg/cm,
even when the granite is intended to be dug to a
depth over about 1 m by five consecutive descent
strokes of the rock hammer, rock fragments pro
duced in the previous descent strokes interfere with the succeeding digging operations to thereby make
it impossible to further conduct the succeeding
digging operations.
The present invention provides a rock hammer
which can effectively eliminate the drawbacks asso
ciated with the prior art rock hammers referred to
hereinabove and which enables rock fragments
produced in the successive digging operations to
displace sideways as soon as they are produced so
that the rock fragments do not interfere with the
succeeding rock digging operations.
The above object of the present invention can be
attained by the provision of a hammer which
comprises an upper bar-shaped portion having a
hanging portion at the upper end, a lower breaking
blade portion having hydraulic flow producing re
cesses whose width is reduced from the upper end
towards the lower end of the lower breaking blade
portion in the external surfaces thereof and an
annular outwardly bulging portion interposed be
tween the upper and lower portions.
In the use of this hammer for digging the rock
hammer is suspended by means of a wire rope from a crane aboard a rock-cutting pontoon and when the wire rope is very rapidly unreeled the rock hammer is allowed to drop at a high speed under its own weight to strike against an area of the rock stratum at the bottom of the water to break the rock stratum area into small rock fragments which are dispersed sidewise from the rock hammer by hydraulic flows produced in the water adjacent to the digged rock stratum area.
Thus, the produced rock fragments will not interfere with the succeeding rock digging operations to thereby ensure smooth and deep digging on the rock stratum.
Furthermore, by the provision of additional hydraulic flow producing recesses in the opposite side surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion, additional hydraulic flows are produced in addition to the hydraulic flows by the hydraulic flow producing recesses in the front and rear surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion, but the additional hydraulic flows swirl about the rock hammer to produce hydraulic lift which assists the displacement of the rock fragments by the hydraulic flows produced by the hydraulic flow producing recesses in the lower breaking blade portion.
The annular bulged portion has a rectangular configuration as seen in the horizontal direction and the opposite side edges of each of the hydraulic flow producing recesses are increased in thickness so as to reinforce the relatively thinner remainder of the hydraulic flow producing recesses.
Furthermore, the hanging portion at the upper end of the upper bar-shaped portion is formed with a substantially U-shaped wire guide groove the opposite ends of which open to the upper end face of the hanging portion so that the wire rope extending from the crane aboard the rock-cutting pontoon and suspending the rock hammer from the crane will not easily break even when the wire rope is subjected to an impact produced in consequence of the striking of the dropping rock hammer against the rock stratum at the bottom of the water.In addition, water drainage openings extend outwardly from the bottom of the wire guide groove and open to the front or rear surface of the upper bar-shaped portion so that water which tends to accumulate in the wire guide groove can be easily removed from the groove and maintenance on the rock hammer can be easily performed when the cutter is not used for its intended purpose.
According to the present invention, there is provided a rock hammer suspendable by means of a wire rope from a crane aboard a rock-cutting pontoon, the hammer comprising a bar-shaped upper portion, a lower breaking blade portion having concaved side surfaces for breaking the rock stratum at the bottom of the water and an annular outwardly
bulged portion interposed between said upper and
lower portions, said upper bar portion having a
hanging portion at the upper end to be connected to said wire rope and said concaved side surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion forming hydraulic flow producing recesses which extend from the
upper end towards the lower end of the lower
breaking blade portion and reducing in width as the recesses extend downwardly.
The objects and attendant advantages of the present invention will be more readily apparent to those skilled in the art from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which show a preferred embodiment of the invention for illustration purpose only.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the preferred form of the rock hammer according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the rock hammer shown in Figure 1,
Figure 3 is a top plan view of the rock hammer;
Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the rock hammer;
Figure 5 is a vertical section taken substantially along the line V-V in Figure 2;
Figure 6 is a vertical section taken substantially along the line VI-VI in Figure 1;
Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the rock hammer showing the hammer in the rock stratum digging operation; and
Figure 8 is a front elevational view of the rock hammer showing the hammer in the rock stratum digging operation.
The present invention will be now described referring to the accompanying drawings in which the preferred embodiment of the rock hammer constructed in accordance with the principle of the present invention is illustrated. The rock hammer is generally shown by reference numeral 1 and generally comprises an upper bar-shaped portion 2, a lower cutting blade portion 3 and an annular outwardly bulged portion 4 positioned between the upper and lower portions 2,3 and integrally connecting the two portions together.
The upper bar-shaped portion 2 has a substantially uniform thickness sideways and is smoothly concaved on the opposite side surfaces thereof. The upper portion 2 is formed at the upper end with a hanging portion 5 adapted to be connected to a wire rope W extending from a crane (not shown) aboard a rock-cutting pontoon (not shown) and having a substantially U-shaped wire guide groove 7 the opposide ends of which open to the upper end face of the hanging portion 5. Water drainage opening 8 extends outwardly from the lowest bottom of the wire guide groove 7 and opens to the front or rear surface of the upper portion 2.
If desired or necessary, the hanging portion 5 may be provided with a pulley (not shown) adapted to be connected to the crane wire rope. The upper portion 2 further includes a holed ear 11 projecting uprightly from the central area of the upper end face of the upper portion 2to be used when the rock hammer 1 is carried about.
The annular bulged portion 4 is positioned between the lower end of the upper portion 2 and the upper end of the lower breaking blade portion 3 and projects outwardly from the front, rear and side surfaces of the hammer 1 to form a substantially rectangular configuration.
Hydraulic flow producing recesses 6,6 are formed in the front and rear surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion 3 and extend from the upper end of the portion 3 towards the lower end thereof. The hydraulic flow producing recesses 6,6 reduce in width as they extend downwardly from the upper end of the portion 3 towards the lower end thereof.
The side edges 9,9 of the hydraulic flow producing recesses 6, 6 are increased in thickness to reinforce the thinner rest of the recesses.
Similar hydraulic flow producing recesses 10, 10 are also formed in the opposite side surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion 3 and extend downwardly from the upper end of the portion 3 and extend towards the lower end thereof. The hydraulic flow producing recesses 10, 10 also reduce their width as they extend from the upper end of the portion 3 towards the lower end thereof. The breaking blade portion 3 is formed of a special alloy material and may be connected together with the upper portion 2 by welding or integrally formed of a single structure.
Figures 7 and 8 show the rock hammer 1 in its operative condition for rock stratum digging.
In use, a length of wire rope W from the crane (not shown) aboard a rock-cutting pontoon is passed through the wire guide groove 7 in the hanging portion 5 to suspend the rock hammer 1 from the crane. The crane operator unreels the wire rope W at a stroke to allow the rock hammer 1 to drop at a high speed onto an area of the rock stratum to be digged at the bottom of the water. The falling rock hammer 1 impinges against the rock stratum area with a high impact sufficient to break the rock stratum area into small rock fragments 13, 13--.
When the rock hammer 1 drops onto the area of the rock stratum 12, the hydraulic flow producing recesses 6, 6 produce hydraulic flows in the underground water present about the area of the rock stratum 12 which displace the rock fragments 13,13 -- sidewise. The displacement distance of the rock fragments 13, 13 -- varies depending upon the specific gravity of the rock stratum 12 and/or the weight of the rock hammer 1 itself; experiments have shown that when the rock hammer 1 having the weight of about 20 tons is dropped onto the rock stratum 12 having a specific gravity in the range from 1000 to 1100 kg/m, a sidewise displacement distance of about I Om can be achieved.
In addition to the hydraulic flow producing recesses 6, 6, the hydraulic flow producing recesses 10, 10 also produce hydraulic flows in the underground water at the moment of the strike of the rock hammer 1, but the hydraulic flows produced by the recesses 10, 10 swirl about the rock hammer 1 to produce dynamic lift which assists the displacement of the rock fragments by the hydraulic flow producing recesses 6, 6.
As mentioned hereinabove, according to the present invention, since the hydraulic flow producing recesses 6,6 are formed in the front and rear surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion 3 and the recesses reduce their width from the upper end of the portion 3 towards the lower end thereof, high hydraulic flows are produced on the front and rear surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion 3 whereby as soon as the area of the rock stratum where the rock hammer dropped are broken into small rock fragments the rock fragments can be displaced sidewise from such a rock stratum area.
Thus, substantially no small rock fragments are left in the vicinity of the broken rock stratum area and therefore, the rock stratum can be dug deeper and deeper as the rock hammer is repeatedly dropped onto the rock stratum. As the result, the rock hammer according to the present invention enables a rock-cutting pontoon to perform extensive digging and dredging operations in the water bed while the pontoon is moving by a relatively short distance and also enables the pontoon to perform a precise plumbing operation at the area of the water where the rock hammer is dropped.
Claims (9)
1. A rock hammer suspendable by means of a wire rope from a crane aboard a rock-cutting pontoon, the hammer comprising a bar-shaped upper portion, a lower breaking blade portion having concaved side surfaces for breaking the rock stratum at the bottom of the water and an annular outwardly bulged portion interposed between said upper and lower portions, said upper bar shaped portion having a hanging portion at the upper end to be connected to said wire rope and said concaved side surfaces of the lower breaking blade portion forming hydraulic flow producing recesses which extend from the upper end towards the lower end of the lower breaking blade portion and reducing in width as the recesses extend downwardly.
2. The rock hammer as set forth in Claim 1, in which said annular bulged portion has a rectangular configuration as seen in the horizontal direction and the opposite side edges of said hydraulic flow producing recesses are increased in thickness.
3. The rock hammer as set forth in Claim 1 or 2, in which said lower cutting blade portions further includes on the front and rear surfaces additional hydraulic flow producing recesses which extend from the upper end towards the lower end of the lower breaking blade portion and reduce in width as the recesses extend downwardly.
4. The rock hammer as set forth in any one of
Claims 1 to 3, in which said hanging portion includes a substantially U-shaped wire guide groove the opposite ends of which open to the upper end face of the hanging portion for receiving said wire rope.
5. The rock hammer as set forth in Claim 4, in which a water drainage opening extends outwardly from the bottom of said wire guide groove and opens to the front or rear surface of the upper bar shaped portion.
6. The rock hammer as set forth in any of Claims 1 to 5, further including a holed ear extending uprightly from the upper end face of said upper bar shaped portion.
7. A rock hammer substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to or as shown in the accompanying drawings.
8. A method of digging in an underwater rock stratum which comprises rapidly dropping onto said stratum a hammer as claimed in any preceding claim.
9. A method as claimed in Claim 8, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to or as shown in Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08505554A GB2172030B (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | Rock hammer for underwater use |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08505554A GB2172030B (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | Rock hammer for underwater use |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8505554D0 GB8505554D0 (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| GB2172030A true GB2172030A (en) | 1986-09-10 |
| GB2172030B GB2172030B (en) | 1988-03-16 |
Family
ID=10575415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08505554A Expired GB2172030B (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | Rock hammer for underwater use |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2172030B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0238957A2 (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-09-30 | ZEPF, Hans-Rudolf | Tool for a hydraulic hammer or the like |
| GB2350135A (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-22 | Thomas Gerard Murray | A tool for forming a hole in the ground |
| US7032978B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2006-04-25 | In Suk Baek | Crushing method using large boreholes in underwater rock |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994027498A1 (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1994-12-08 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Macromolecular contrast media for mr imaging |
-
1985
- 1985-03-05 GB GB08505554A patent/GB2172030B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0238957A2 (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-09-30 | ZEPF, Hans-Rudolf | Tool for a hydraulic hammer or the like |
| EP0238957A3 (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1990-04-18 | ZEPF, Hans-Rudolf | Tool for a hydraulic hammer or the like |
| GB2350135A (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-22 | Thomas Gerard Murray | A tool for forming a hole in the ground |
| US7032978B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2006-04-25 | In Suk Baek | Crushing method using large boreholes in underwater rock |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8505554D0 (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| GB2172030B (en) | 1988-03-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990305 |