GB2169913A - Polymeric hose containing ferric oxide - Google Patents

Polymeric hose containing ferric oxide Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2169913A
GB2169913A GB08431780A GB8431780A GB2169913A GB 2169913 A GB2169913 A GB 2169913A GB 08431780 A GB08431780 A GB 08431780A GB 8431780 A GB8431780 A GB 8431780A GB 2169913 A GB2169913 A GB 2169913A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
hose
iron oxide
polymer composition
containing polymer
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08431780A
Other versions
GB8431780D0 (en
GB2169913B (en
Inventor
Alan David Griffiths
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dunlop Ltd
Original Assignee
Dunlop Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dunlop Ltd filed Critical Dunlop Ltd
Publication of GB8431780D0 publication Critical patent/GB8431780D0/en
Publication of GB2169913A publication Critical patent/GB2169913A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2169913B publication Critical patent/GB2169913B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/088—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising a combination of one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire with one or more braided layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/10—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements not embedded in the wall

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

A hose capable of withstanding acid attack and serving as a visual indicator of such an attack includes a polymer composition containing red iron oxide (ferric oxide). The hose is preferably flexible, with the polymer component of the composition being a rubber, and is particularly suitable for the transportation of crude oil under high pressure.

Description

SPECIFICATION Hose This invention relates to hose and in particular, though not exclusively, to flexible hose suitable for the transportation of a corrosive fluid such as crude oil under high pressure.
According to the present invention a hose includes a polymeric composition containing red iron oxide (ferric oxide).
The polymer composition is usually based on a rubber, into which particulate ferric oxide is incorporated by a conventional processing technique e.g. on a Banbury. Preferably the polymer composition containsfrom Sto 100 parts iron oxide per hundred of rubber and advantageously from 20to 50 parts.
Ferric oxide is a readily available cheap material of relativelylowtoxicityand its presence may be of two-fold benefit: 1. It is capable of "mopping up" limited amounts of hydrosulphurous acid (resulting from the presence of hydrogen sulphide) and carbonic acid (resulting from the presence of carbon dioxide). This is of particular benefit if the hose also includes materials such as textile cord and/or metal reinforcement (e.g. wires or cables) and/orfabric layers which would otherwise be detrimentally affected by acid attack.
2. It is capable of serving as a visual indicator of contact with hydrosulphurous or carbonic acid by turning from red to black.
The importantfeature ofthe present invention is that the iron oxide-containing polymer composition can form a barrier between a potential source of chemical attack and a hose component in need of protection from such an attack. The most common attack will be acid attack from the working fluid within the hose and a hose component of metal ortextile will be particularly vulnerable to this. As reinforcement layers of metal, textile or glass are commonly used in hosethese are components to which the protective aspect ofthe present invention is especially applicable.
In a preferred embodiment ofthe present invention a hose component to be protected is embedded in a matrix of iron oxide-containing polymer composition which extends radially inwardly and outwardly preferably each to a thickness of at least 1 mm and advantageously each to a thicknessoffrom 2 to 10mm. Usually the iron oxide-containing polymer composition is a circumferentially continuous layer of substantially uniform thickness.
In a further embodiment of the present invention a componentto be protected is not embedded in a matrix of but is contiguous or close to an iron oxide-containing polymercomposition e.g. could be sandwiched between two such compositions (for preferred composition thickness, see previous paragraph).
Although reference in this specification is often to the iron oxide-containing polymer composition it is to be understood that there may be a plurality of such compositions within a hose construction e.g. a hose may include metal wires or cables embedded in one iron oxide layer and fabric layers in another iron oxide layer.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described bywayofexampleonlywith reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal view of part of a flexible hose in accordance with the present invention.
A flexible hose for the transportation of crude oil under high pressure comprises a layer 11 of an oil resistant elastomer disposed between an inner metal support layer 12 and an outer support layer 13. The outer support layer 13 comprises high tensile metal cables 18 embedded in a matrix of a polychloroprene rubber composition containing 30 parts iron oxide per hundred of rubber. Layer 19 is a further support layer of rayon fabric embedded in the same iron oxidecontaining rubber composition. The hose also comprises a two-part outer cover layer 20 consisting of an inner layer 20S of polychloroprene rubbercomposition and an outer layer 20A of the aforementioned iron oxide-containing rubber composition.
A length offlexible pipe ofthis construction was provided with an internal heater and the ends were sealed with suitable fittings before it was 75% filled with crude oil. The remaining volume was filled with a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons (28%), carbon dioxide (70%) and hydrogen sulphide (2%) and the pressure inside the pipe was raised to 1000 psi (6894 kN/m2) by pumping in the gaseous mixture. The pipe was immersed in a bath at 5'C and the temperature of the pipe contents was raised by the internal heater to 100#C,causingtheinternaI pressureto increaseto 3000 psi (20,682 kN/m2). The pipe was allowed to cool and was then reheated.This heating/cooling cycle was repeated every 12 hours and the oil charge was changed every two weeks. Thetestwas stopped after 11 months and the pipe was inspected for deterioration or leakage; there was none. Pipes of similar construction but without the red iron oxide failed after much shorter periods, typically 7 to 14 days.
1. A hose including a polymer composition which contains red iron oxide (ferric oxide).
2. Ahoseaccordingtoclaim 1 wherein the polymer composition contains from Sto 100 parts red iron oxide per 100 parts polymer.
3. A hose according to claim 1 wherein the polymer composition contains from 20to 50 parts red iron oxide per 100 parts polymer.
4. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the polymer composition is elastomeric.
5. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the red iron oxide is in particulate form.
6. A hose according to any preceding claim which is flexible.
7. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition is a circumferentially continuous layer in the hose.
8. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymercomposi The drawing(sf originally filed was (were) informal and the print here reproduced is taken from a later filed formal copy.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (27)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Hose This invention relates to hose and in particular, though not exclusively, to flexible hose suitable for the transportation of a corrosive fluid such as crude oil under high pressure. According to the present invention a hose includes a polymeric composition containing red iron oxide (ferric oxide). The polymer composition is usually based on a rubber, into which particulate ferric oxide is incorporated by a conventional processing technique e.g. on a Banbury. Preferably the polymer composition containsfrom Sto 100 parts iron oxide per hundred of rubber and advantageously from 20to 50 parts. Ferric oxide is a readily available cheap material of relativelylowtoxicityand its presence may be of two-fold benefit: 1. It is capable of "mopping up" limited amounts of hydrosulphurous acid (resulting from the presence of hydrogen sulphide) and carbonic acid (resulting from the presence of carbon dioxide). This is of particular benefit if the hose also includes materials such as textile cord and/or metal reinforcement (e.g. wires or cables) and/orfabric layers which would otherwise be detrimentally affected by acid attack. 2. It is capable of serving as a visual indicator of contact with hydrosulphurous or carbonic acid by turning from red to black. The importantfeature ofthe present invention is that the iron oxide-containing polymer composition can form a barrier between a potential source of chemical attack and a hose component in need of protection from such an attack. The most common attack will be acid attack from the working fluid within the hose and a hose component of metal ortextile will be particularly vulnerable to this. As reinforcement layers of metal, textile or glass are commonly used in hosethese are components to which the protective aspect ofthe present invention is especially applicable. In a preferred embodiment ofthe present invention a hose component to be protected is embedded in a matrix of iron oxide-containing polymer composition which extends radially inwardly and outwardly preferably each to a thickness of at least 1 mm and advantageously each to a thicknessoffrom 2 to 10mm. Usually the iron oxide-containing polymer composition is a circumferentially continuous layer of substantially uniform thickness. In a further embodiment of the present invention a componentto be protected is not embedded in a matrix of but is contiguous or close to an iron oxide-containing polymercomposition e.g. could be sandwiched between two such compositions (for preferred composition thickness, see previous paragraph). Although reference in this specification is often to the iron oxide-containing polymer composition it is to be understood that there may be a plurality of such compositions within a hose construction e.g. a hose may include metal wires or cables embedded in one iron oxide layer and fabric layers in another iron oxide layer. A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described bywayofexampleonlywith reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal view of part of a flexible hose in accordance with the present invention. A flexible hose for the transportation of crude oil under high pressure comprises a layer 11 of an oil resistant elastomer disposed between an inner metal support layer 12 and an outer support layer 13. The outer support layer 13 comprises high tensile metal cables 18 embedded in a matrix of a polychloroprene rubber composition containing 30 parts iron oxide per hundred of rubber. Layer 19 is a further support layer of rayon fabric embedded in the same iron oxidecontaining rubber composition. The hose also comprises a two-part outer cover layer 20 consisting of an inner layer 20S of polychloroprene rubbercomposition and an outer layer 20A of the aforementioned iron oxide-containing rubber composition. A length offlexible pipe ofthis construction was provided with an internal heater and the ends were sealed with suitable fittings before it was 75% filled with crude oil. The remaining volume was filled with a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons (28%), carbon dioxide (70%) and hydrogen sulphide (2%) and the pressure inside the pipe was raised to 1000 psi (6894 kN/m2) by pumping in the gaseous mixture. The pipe was immersed in a bath at 5'C and the temperature of the pipe contents was raised by the internal heater to 100#C,causingtheinternaI pressureto increaseto 3000 psi (20,682 kN/m2). The pipe was allowed to cool and was then reheated.This heating/cooling cycle was repeated every 12 hours and the oil charge was changed every two weeks. Thetestwas stopped after 11 months and the pipe was inspected for deterioration or leakage; there was none. Pipes of similar construction but without the red iron oxide failed after much shorter periods, typically 7 to 14 days. CLAIMS 1. A hose including a polymer composition which contains red iron oxide (ferric oxide). 2. Ahoseaccordingtoclaim 1 wherein the polymer composition contains from Sto 100 parts red iron oxide per 100 parts polymer. 3. A hose according to claim 1 wherein the polymer composition contains from 20to 50 parts red iron oxide per 100 parts polymer. 4. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the polymer composition is elastomeric. 5. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the red iron oxide is in particulate form. 6. A hose according to any preceding claim which is flexible. 7. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition is a circumferentially continuous layer in the hose. 8. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymercomposi The drawing(sf originally filed was (were) informal and the print here reproduced is taken from a later filed formal copy. tion extends radially to a thickness of at least 1 mm in the hose. 9. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composi tion extends radially to a thickness of at least 2mm and up to 1 Omm in the hose. 10. A hose composition according to any preced ing claim which also includes at least one reinforce ment layer. 11. A hose composition according to claim 10 wherein the reinforcement layer is of textile. 12. A hose composition according to claim 10 wherein the reinforcement layer is of metal. 13. A hose composition according to claim 10,11 or 12wherein the reinforcement layeris embedded in a matrix ofthe iron oxide-containing polymercom position. 14. A hose according to claim 13 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymercomposition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness of at least 1 mum. 15. A hose according to claim 13 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness of from 2 to 1 Omm. 16. A hose composition according to claim 10, 11 or 12 wherein the reinforcement layer is contiguous with butnotembeddedintheironoxide-containing polymer composition. 17. A hose composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16 wherein the reinforcement layer lies between atleasttwo iron oxide-containing polymer compositions. 18. A hose composition according to claim 17 wherein the reinforcement layer is in contact with the two iron oxide-containing polymer compositions. 19. A hose composition according to any one of claims 10 to 12 or 17 wherein the reinforcement layer is not in contact with the iron oxide-containing polymercomposition. 20. A hose composition according to any preceding claim which includes a component embedded in a matrix ofthe red iron oxide-containing polymer composition. 21. a hose according to claim 20 wherein the component is of metal. 22. A hose according to claim 20 wherein the component is of textile. 23. A hose according to claim 20,21 or 22 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymercomposition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness of at least 1 mm. 24. A hose according to claim 20,21, or 22wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness of from 2 to 1 Omm. 25. A hose composition substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompany drawing. Amendment to the claims have been filed, and have the following effect:~ Claims 1 to 25 above have been deleted ortextually amended. New ortextually amended claims have been filed as follows:-Claims 1 to 27. CLAIMS
1. A hose having a tubular reinforcement layer embedded therein and having at least between said reinforcement layer and the bore ofthe hose a polymercomposition which contains red iron oxide (ferric oxide).
2. A hose according to claim 1 wherein the polymer composition contains from Sto 100 parts red iron oxide per 100 parts polymer.
3. A hose according to claim 1 wherein the polymer composition contains from 20to 50 parts red iron oxide per 100 parts polymer.
4. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the polymer composition is elastomeric.
5. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the red iron oxide is in particulate form.
6. A hose according to any preceding claim which is flexible.
7. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition is a circumferentially continuous layer in the hose.
8. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radiallyto a thickness of at least 1 mm in the hose.
9. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially to a thickness of at least 2mm and up to 10 mm in the hose.
10. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the reinforcement layer is of textile.
11. A hose according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the reinforcement layer is of metal.
12. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the reinforcement layer is embedded in a matrix of the iron oxide-containing polymer composition.
13. A hose according to claim 12 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness of at least 1 mm.
14. A hose according to claim 12 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness of from 2 to 10 mm.
15. A hose according to any of claims 1 to 11 wherein the reinforcement layer is contiguous with but not embedded in the iron oxide-containing polymer composition.
16. A hose according to any preceding claim wherein the reinforcement layer lies between at least two iron oxide-containing polymer compositions.
17. A hose according to claim 16 wherein the reinforcement layer is in contactwith the two iron oxide-containing polymer compositions.
18. A hose according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1 or 16 wherei n the reinfo rcement layer is not i n contact with the iron oxide-containing polymer composition.
19. A hose according to any preceding claim which also includes a component embedded in a matrix of the red iron oxide-containing polymer composition.
20. A hose according to claim 19 wherein the component is of metal.
21. Ahoseaccordingtoclaim 19wherein the component is oftextile.
22. A hose according to claim 19,20 or 21 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially inwardly and ourwardly each to a thickness of at least 1 mm.
23. Ahose according to claim 19,200r21 wherein the iron oxide-containing polymer composition extends radially inwardly and outwardly each to a thickness offrom 2 to 10.
24. A hose according to any preceding claim which includes a polymer component which is free of red iron oxide.
25. A hose substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
26. A method of protecting a tu bular reinforce- ment layer embedded in a hose from chemical attack by working fluid comprises providing at least between the reinforcement layer and the bore ofthe hose a red iron oxide-containing polymer composition.
27. A hose made by the method of claim 26.
GB08431780A 1984-08-11 1984-12-17 Polymeric hose containing ferric oxide Expired GB2169913B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848420469A GB8420469D0 (en) 1984-08-11 1984-08-11 Hose

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8431780D0 GB8431780D0 (en) 1985-01-30
GB2169913A true GB2169913A (en) 1986-07-23
GB2169913B GB2169913B (en) 1987-06-10

Family

ID=10565229

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB848420469A Pending GB8420469D0 (en) 1984-08-11 1984-08-11 Hose
GB08431780A Expired GB2169913B (en) 1984-08-11 1984-12-17 Polymeric hose containing ferric oxide

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB848420469A Pending GB8420469D0 (en) 1984-08-11 1984-08-11 Hose

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6148693A (en)
DE (1) DE3445382A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2568977B1 (en)
GB (2) GB8420469D0 (en)
HU (1) HUT42007A (en)
IT (1) IT1181946B (en)
NO (1) NO844997L (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5669420A (en) * 1990-07-27 1997-09-23 Coflexip Casing and flexible tubular conduit comprising such a casing and process for producing it
WO2000022335A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Chrispie Installation conduit for constructing an underwater transport system for fluid, energy or signals
US8636037B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2014-01-28 Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Flexible tube for fluid transport

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010209958A (en) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-24 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Flexible pipe for fluid transportation
CN105042276B (en) * 2015-06-02 2017-04-19 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 Anti-corrosion method for pipe in pipe and special saturated extending oil thereof

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3945867A (en) * 1973-11-05 1976-03-23 William C. Heller, Jr. Plastic hose making method
US4057610A (en) * 1975-07-25 1977-11-08 Monsanto Company Hose reinforced with discontinuous fibers oriented in the radial direction
DE2544194A1 (en) * 1975-10-03 1977-04-14 Kurt Dr Ing Gruber Flexible rubber pipes for undersea pipelines - using lead sulphide in rubber to increase density

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5669420A (en) * 1990-07-27 1997-09-23 Coflexip Casing and flexible tubular conduit comprising such a casing and process for producing it
WO2000022335A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Chrispie Installation conduit for constructing an underwater transport system for fluid, energy or signals
FR2784734A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-21 Novoplastic Sa Construction assembly for underwater transport system for fluid or energy or signals comprises installation conduits with peripheral ballast and traction device and connector using screwed ring joints.
US8636037B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2014-01-28 Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Flexible tube for fluid transport

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3445382A1 (en) 1986-02-20
FR2568977A1 (en) 1986-02-14
GB8431780D0 (en) 1985-01-30
FR2568977B1 (en) 1987-09-04
JPS6148693A (en) 1986-03-10
NO844997L (en) 1986-02-12
GB2169913B (en) 1987-06-10
GB8420469D0 (en) 1984-09-12
IT1181946B (en) 1987-09-30
HUT42007A (en) 1987-06-29
IT8424294A0 (en) 1984-12-31

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