GB2168097A - Fastening railway rails - Google Patents
Fastening railway rails Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2168097A GB2168097A GB08430847A GB8430847A GB2168097A GB 2168097 A GB2168097 A GB 2168097A GB 08430847 A GB08430847 A GB 08430847A GB 8430847 A GB8430847 A GB 8430847A GB 2168097 A GB2168097 A GB 2168097A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- lower arm
- extends
- bend
- clip
- arm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/32—Fastening on steel sleepers with clamp members
- E01B9/34—Fastening on steel sleepers with clamp members by resilient steel clips
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Abstract
A clip has an upper arm (A) which presses on one side (11A) of a flange at the bottom of a railway rail standing on a sleeper in the form of an inverted trough. The upper arm (A) is joined by a bend C, part of which lies in a hole (10E) in the top of the sleeper, to a lower arm (B) most of which lies inside the inverted trough, whereas its free end portion 4B projects out of the inverted trough through a hole (10D) in the top of the sleeper and locates the other side 11B of the rail flange. The lower arm (B) has a part (2B) which in a particular orientation of the clip (tangent X horizontal) is the lowest part of the clip, this being nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of the lower arm, and the lower arm rises at a small inclination to the horizontal, proceeding in both directions from this part (2B). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Fastening railway rails
This invention relates to an assembly on a railway track comprising a railway sleeper in the form of an inverted trough, a rail and a clip holding the rail down on the sleeper. The invention is particularly, but not exclusively, for use in narrow-gauge railways, for example in mines. The invention also relates to a clip which is suitable for use as the clip of such an assembly.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a railway rail-fastening clip comprising a bent metal bar which, in a particular orientation of the clip and when it is viewed in a particular direction, exhibits the following features:
(a) a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them,
(b) a first part of the upper arm extending downwardly as it extends to the right away from said bend, followed by a second part which extends to the right, this being followed by a third part which extends upwardly as it extends to the right and terminates in one end of the bar,
(c) a first part of the lower arm extending downwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends away from said bend to the right to a second part which is the lowest part of the clip, which is nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of the lower arm,
(d) a third part of the lower arm extending upwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends to the right away from the second part, and
(e) a fourth part of the lower arm extending much more nearly vertically as it extends upwardly from a junction with the third part of the lower arm to the other end of the bar.
Preferably, the first part of the lower arm and/or the third part of the lower arm is or are straight.
Preferably, when the clip is in said particular orientation and viewed in said particular direction, the free end of the upper arm is to the left of the second part of the lower arm and/or is lower than the highest point on said bend.
Preferably, when the clip is in said particular orientation, the free end of the lower arm is lower than the highest point on said bend.
When the first part of the lower arm is straight and the clip is placed in another orientation, with the first part horizontal, the highest point on the fourth part of the lower arm is preferably higher than the lowest point on the second part of the upper arm but lower than the highest point on the bend.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an assembly comprising a railway sleeper in the form of an inverted trough, first and second holes through the top of the sleeper, a railway rail lying crosswise on the sleeper with a flange at its base lying between the two holes and a clip according to the first aspect of the invention, with or without any one or any combination of the preferred features mentioned above, having part of said bend in the first hole, the first, second and third parts of the lower arm underneath the top of the sleeper, i.e. inside the inverted trough, the fourth part of the lower arm projecting out of the second hole and above the top of the sleeper on one side of the flange and the second part of the upper arm pressing downwardly on the other side of the flange.
There may be third and fourth holes through the sleeper on the same sides of the rail flange as the first and second holes, respectively, and a further clip according to any preceding claim having part of said bend in the fourth hole, the first, second and third parts of the lower arm underneath the top of the sleeper, i.e. inside the inverted trough, the fourth part of the lower arm projecting out of the third hole and above the top of the sleeper on said other side of the flange and the second part of the upper arm pressing downwardly on said one side of the flange.
The fourth part of the lower arm of the or each clip preferably locates the rail.
An example in accordance with the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a side view of an assembly comprising a railway sleeper, a rail and a clip,
Figure 2 shows a plan view of the assembly but without the clip, and
Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the sleeper, taken as indicated by the arrows
Ill in Fig. 2.
The drawings show a railway sleeper 10 which has been made in the form of an inverted trough by bending sheet steel, the sleeper having a flat top 10A, two vertical side walls 10B and two horizontal outwardlydirected feet 10C. The trough is provided near each of its two ends with a set of four rectangular holes through the top of the sleeper; only the four holes in one half of the length of the sleeper are shown. These are two holes
10D and two longer elongate holes 10E, the length direction of which is the length direction of the sleeper. A railway rail 11 lies crosswise on the sleeper, the rail having at its bottom a flange having sides 1 1 A and 11 B.
The flange lies between the two holes 10D, although part of each hole lies vertically beneath the outermost region of one of the sides of the flange.
The rail is held down on the sleeper by two identical clips, one of which is shown in Fig. 1 in a distorted condition, in full lines, whereas the broken lines indicate the position which part of the clip bore in relation to the remainder of the clip when the clip was free from stress, i.e. before its incorporation in the assembly shown in Fig. 1.
The clip will first be described as though it were in an orientation which can be obtained by turning it clockwise through a few degrees until the line X, which is tangential to the clip, is horizontal. In that new orientation, and viewed as indicated in Fig. 1 turned clockwise through a few degrees, the clip is seen to have a short upper arm A, a longer lower arm
B directly below the arm A and a bend C which joins the arms A and B. The arm A has a first part 1 A extending downwardly as it extends to the right away from the bend C, followed by a second part 2A which extends to the right, this being followed by a third part 3A which extends upwardly as it extends to the right, this part terminating in one end 4A of the bar.The lower arm B has a first part 1B extending downwardly at a small angle, about 10 , to the horizontal as it extends away from the bend C to the right. At the right-hand end of the first part 1B there is a second part 2B which is the lowest part of the clip and is nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm B than it is to either end of this arm. There extends to the right from the part 2B a third part 3B which also extends upwardly at a small angle, again about 10 , to the horizontal. A junction part 5B connects the right-hand end of the third part 3B to a fourth part 4B which extends very much more nearly vertically than does the third part 3B and terminates in the other end of the bar.When the first part 1B of the lower arm of the clip is horizontal, the fourth part 4B is vertical, as shown in Fig. 1 and its top is higher than the lowest point on the upper arm, i.e. the lowest point on the part 2A.
The free end 4A of the upper arm A is to the left of the second part 2B of the lower arm B and is lower than the highest point on the bend C and the free end 6B of the lower arm B is lower than the highest point on the bend C.
The parts 1B and 3B of the lower arm B are straight in the illustrated example and in dined to one another by about 1600, although they could be inclined by about 170 or more to one another. The lower arm B could be curved over its entire length or it could have only one or more than two straight portions.
The free end 6B of the clip is passed downwardly through the hole 10E and then the clip is moved to the right and turned and finally driven, for example by hammer blows, further to the right until the end 6B has passed beyond the right-hand edge of the rail flange, whereupon the fourth part 4B of the lower arm B springs up out of the hole 10D and its top lies above the top of the sleeper, whereas the left-hand side of the part 4B is very close to or touching the edge of the rail flange and serves to locate the rail.Meanwhile, the part 2A of the upper arm A has been driven up the upper surface of the side 11 A of the rail flange and this has caused the parts 1A, 2A and 3A to rise with respect to the lower arm
B from the position shown in broken lines to the position shown in full lines, the clip now being distorted and stressed so that it exerts a downward force on the upper face of the rail flange and holds the rail in position. The slight change in the shape of the remainder of the clip due to its stress is not illustrated.
The other clip has its free end 6B passed downwardly through the other hole 1 0E in the sleeper after which the clip is displaced to the left until its free end 6B springs up out of the other hole 1 0D and locates the other side 11 A of the rail flange; this is not illustrated in
Fig. 1.
It is important for the lower arm B, when the clip is in the orientation described above (line X being horizontal) to have a part 2B which is nearer to the centre of the length of the arm B than it is to either end of the arm and for the arm B to rise, proceeding along the arm in both directions from the lowest part 2B, at a small inclination to the horizontal. If, instead, the illustrated parts 1 B, 2B and 3B were replaced by a single straight portion, there might perhaps be difficulty in driving the clip until its free end 6B first enters and then springs out of the hole 10D.
The clip has been made by bending a steel bar of rectangular cross-section, about 16 mm. by 8 mm., the cross-section of the bar being uniform over its entire length except for unavoidable departures from the rectangular shape due to the bending process.
CLAIMS
1. A railway rail-fastening clip comprising a bent metal bar which, in a particular orientation of the clip and when it is viewed in a particular direction, exhibits the following features:
(a) a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them,
(b) a first part of the upper arm extending downwardly as it extends to the right away from said bend, followed by a second part which extends to the right, this being followed by a third part which extends upwardly as it extends to the right and terminates in one end of the bar,
(c) a first part of the lower arm extending downwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends away from said bend to the right to a second part which is the lowest part of the clip, which is nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of the lower arm,
(d) a third part of the lower arm extending upwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends to the right away from the second part, and
(e) a fourth part of the lower arm extending much more nearly vertically as it extends upwardly from a junction with the third part of the lower arm to the other end of the bar.
2. A clip according to claim 1 in which the first part of the lower arm is straight.
3. A clip according to claim 1 or 2 in which the third part of the lower arm is straight.
4. A clip according to any preceding claim in which, when the clip is in said particular orientation and viewed in said particular direction, the free end of the upper arm is to the left of the second part of the lower arm.
5. A clip according to any preceding claim in which, when the clip is in said particular orientation, the free end of the upper arm is lower than the highest point on said bend.
6. A clip according to any preceding claim in which, when the clip is in said particular orientation, the free end of the lower arm is lower than the highest point on said bend.
7. A clip according to claim 2 or any one of claims 3 to 6 appended to claim 2, in which when the clip is in another orientation, with the straight first part of the lower arm horizontal, the highest point on the fourth part of the lower arm is higher than the lowest point on the second part of the upper arm but lower than the highest point on the bend.
8. A clip according to any preceding claim which has substantially the same, rectangular, shape of cross-section throughout.
9. A railway rail-fastening clip formed by bending a metal bar of rectangular cross-section, the cross-section of the bent bar being substantially uniform over its entire length save for minor irregularities due to the bending process, the clip being such that when it is in a particular orientation and is viewed in a particular direction, it is seen to comprise a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them, the upper arm having a first portion which extends to the right away from the bend and at the same time extends downwardly to an extent greater than the thickness of the bar, the end of the first portion remote from the bend being adjoined by a second portion which extends further to the right, the lower arm having a straight and horizontal first portion extending to the right away from the bend which leads to a bent second portion which extends further to the right to a straight third portion which extends further to the right and at the same time upwardly at an angle of less than 30 to the horizontal, there being a bent portion at the right-hand end of the third portion which connects it to a substantially vertical and upwardly extending fourth portion, the top of which is higher than the lowest point on the upper arm, the second portion of the lower arm being nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of that arm.
10. An assembly comprising a railway sleeper in the form of an inverted trough, first and second holes through the top of the sleeper, a railway rail lying crosswise on the sleeper with a flange at its base lying between the two holes and a clip according to any preceding claim having part of said bend in the first hole, the first, second and third parts of the lower arm underneath the top of the sleeper, i.e. inside the inverted trough, the fourth part of the lower arm projecting out of the second hole and above the top of the sleeper on one side of the flange and the second part of the upper arm pressing downwardly on the other side of the flange.
11. An assembly according to claim 10 and further comprising third and fourth holes through the sleeper on the same sides of the rail flange as the first and second holes, respectively and a further clip according to any preceding claim having part of said bend in the fourth hole, the first, second and third parts of the lower arm underneath the top of the sleeper, i.e. inside the inverted trough, the fourth part of the lower arm projecting out of the third hole and above the top of the sleeper on said other side of the flange and the second part of the upper arm pressing downwardly on said one side of the flange.
12. An assembly according to claim 10 or 11 in which the fourth part of the lower arm of the or each clip locates the rail flange.
13. An assembly according to any one of claims 10 to 12 in which the first hole, and the fourth hole too if it is provided, is or are elongate, the length direction of the hole being the length direction of the sleeper.
14. A railway rail-fastening clip substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
15. An assembly substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Claims (1)
- Amendments to the claims have been filed, and have the following effect: New claims have been filed as follows:16. A railway rail-fastening clip comprising a bent metal bar which, in a particular orientation of the clip and when it is viewed in a particular direction, exhibits a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them, a first part of the upper arm extending downwardly as it extends to the right away from said bend, followed by a second part which extends to the right, this being followed by a third part which extends upwardly as it extends to the right and terminates in one end of the bar, a first part of the lower arm extending downwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends away from said bend to the right to a second part which is the lowest part of the clip, which is nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of the lower arm, a third part of the lower arm extending upwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends to the right away from the second part, and a fourth part of the lower arm extending much more nearly vertically as it extends upwardly from a junction with the third part of the lower arm to the other end of the bar, the bent bar nowhere rising, proceeding from the end of the clip at which the bend is situated to the second part of the lower arm, and nowhere falling, proceeding from the second part of the lower arm to the free end of the lower arm.17. A railway rail-fastening clip formed by bending a metal bar of rectangular cross-section, the cross-section of the bent bar being substantially uniform over its entire length save for minor irregularities due to the bending process, the clip being such that when it is in a particular orientation and is viewed in a particular direction, it is seen to comprise a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them, the upper arm having a first portion which extends to the right away from the bend and at the same time extends downwardly to an extent greater than the thickness of the bar, the end of the first portion remote from the bend being adjoined by a second portion which extends further to the right, the lower arm having a straight and horizontal first portion extending to the right away from the bend which leads to a bent second portion which extends further to the right to a straight third portion which extends further to the right and at the same time upwardly at an angle of less than 30 to the horizontal, there being a bent portion at the right-hand end of the third portion which connects it to a substantially vertical and upwardly extending fourth portion, the top of which is higher than the lowest point on the upper arm, the second portion of the lower arm being nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of that arm, the bent bar nowhere rising, proceeding from the end of the clip at which the bend is situated to the second part of the lower arm, and nowhere falling, proceeding from the second part of the lower arm to the free end of the lower arm.18. A railway rail-fastening clip comprising a bent metal bar which, in a particular orientation of the clip and when it is viewed in a particular direction, exhibits a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them, a first part of the upper arm extending downwardly as it extends to the right away from said bend, followed by a second part which extends to the right, this being followed by a third part which extends upwardly as it extends to the right and terminates in one end of the bar, a first part of the lower arm extending downwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends away from said bend to the right to a second part which is the lowest part of the clip, which is nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of the lower arm, a third part of the lower arm extending upwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends to the right away from the second part, and a fourth part of the lower arm extending much more nearly vertically as it extends upwardly from a junction with the third part of the lower arm to the other end of the bar, said junction being a smoothly curved bend.19. A railway rail-fastening clip comprising a bent metal bar which, in a particular orientation of the clip and when it is viewed in a particular direction, exhibits a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them, a first part of the upper arm extending downwardly as it extends to the right away from said bend, followed by a second part which extends to the right, this being followed by a third part which extends upwardly as it extends to the right and terminates in one end of the bar, a first part of the lower arm extending downwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends away from said bend to the right to a second part which is the lowest part of the clip, which is nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of the lower arm, a third part of the lower arm extending upwardly at a small inclination to the horizontal as it extends to the right away from the second part, and a fourth part of the lower arm extending much more nearly vertically as it extends upwardly from a junction with the third part of the lower arm to the other end of the bar, the distance, measured horizontally from left to right, between the vertical plane containing the leftmost extremity of the clip and the vertical plane containing the lowest point on the second part of the upper limb being greater than the distance, measured horizontally from left to right, between the second of these planes and the vertical plane containing the lowest point on the second part of the lower limb, said vertical planes being normal to the lines along which said distances are measured.20. A railway rail-fastening clip formed by bending a metal bar of rectangular cross-section, the cross-section of the bent bar being substantially uniform over its entire length save for minor irregularities due to the bending process, the clip being such that when it is in a particular orientation and is viewed in a particular direction, it is seen to comprise a short upper arm and, directly vertically below it, a longer lower arm, the two arms extending to the right away from a bend which joins them, the upper arm having a first portion which extends to the right away from the bend and at the same time extends downwardly to an extent greater than the thickness of the bar, the end of the first portion remote from the bend being adjoined by a second portion which extends further to the right, the lower arm having a straight and horizontal first portion extending to the right away from the bend which leads to a bent second portion which extends further to the right to a straight third portion which extends further to the right and at the same time upwardly at an angle of less than 30 to the horizontal, there being a bent portion at the right-hand end of the third portion which connects it to a substantially vertical and upwardly extending fourth portion, the top of which is higher than the lowest point on the upper arm, the second portion of the lower arm being nearer to the middle of the length of the lower arm than it is to either end of that arm, the distance, measured horizontally from left to right, between the vertical plane containing the leftmost extremity of the clip and the vertical plane containing the lowest point on the second part of the upper limb being greater than the distance, measured horizontally from left to right, between the second of these planes and the vertical plane containing the lowest point on the second part of the lower limb, said vertical planes being normal to the lines along which said distances are measured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08430847A GB2168097B (en) | 1984-12-06 | 1984-12-06 | Fastening railway rails |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08430847A GB2168097B (en) | 1984-12-06 | 1984-12-06 | Fastening railway rails |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8430847D0 GB8430847D0 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
| GB2168097A true GB2168097A (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| GB2168097B GB2168097B (en) | 1987-12-31 |
Family
ID=10570801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08430847A Expired GB2168097B (en) | 1984-12-06 | 1984-12-06 | Fastening railway rails |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2168097B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB471728A (en) * | 1936-05-16 | 1937-09-09 | Poor & Co | An improved railway rail anchor |
| GB2133441A (en) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-07-25 | Pandrol Ltd | Fastening railway rails |
-
1984
- 1984-12-06 GB GB08430847A patent/GB2168097B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB471728A (en) * | 1936-05-16 | 1937-09-09 | Poor & Co | An improved railway rail anchor |
| GB2133441A (en) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-07-25 | Pandrol Ltd | Fastening railway rails |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2168097B (en) | 1987-12-31 |
| GB8430847D0 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |