GB2160069A

GB2160069A - Control circuit

Info

Publication number: GB2160069A
Application number: GB08511027A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Harald Neth
Original assignee: Viennatone GmbH
Current assignee: Viennatone GmbH
Priority date: 1984-05-24
Filing date: 1985-05-01
Publication date: 1985-12-11
Also published as: AT379928B; GB8511027D0; ATA172284A; DE3513443A1; US4701958A; GB2160069B

Description

1 GB 2 160 069 A 1

SPECIFICATION

Control circuit The invention relates to a control circuit for an amplifier with an output-controlled automatic gain control, in particular for a hearing aid, comprising an output amplifier stage, a magnetic earpiece which has a working winding connected between the output of the output amplifier stage and the operating voltage, and a control loop having a rectifier, for automatic gain control, which control loop is connected between the output of the output amplifier stage and the input of the output ampli- fier stage or a preamplifier stage if provided.

Hearing difficulties (deafness) may be roughly divided into two different groups, more specifically what is known as sound conduction deafness (middle ear deafness) and what is referred to as acous- tic perception deafness (inner ear deafness). However, while in the case of sound conduction deafness, both the threshold of audibility and also the paid threshold are generally shifted upwardly by about the same amount and therefore it is pos- sible to achieve good correction with greater or lesser amplification of the sound signal supplied, acoustic perception deafness often only involves upward displacement of the threshold of audibility, while the paid threshold is to be found at the same level or even at lower values than in the case of a healthy ear.

In order to take account of the dynamic range of the acoustic signals which occurs in practice, dynamic compression is always provided in hearing aids for inner ear deafness. A number of circuits have been developed for that purpose, in the past. One of those circuits which has proved successful in practice is automatic gain control.

In that circuit, a part of the output voltage is taken off at the output of the output amplifier of the hearing aid, that is to say, at the earpiece itself, rectified and filtered. The control voltage which is obtained in that way is generally fed to a preamplifier stage where it provides for gain control which is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the control voltage. That is effected for example in known manner by displacing the working point of the controlled stage or by a variable controlled negative feedback. The circuit operates like a dy- namic limiter, that is to say, when high amplitudes occur at the output, the control means comes into operation and suitably reduces the gain of the input stage.

A serious disadvantage of that known circuit is that the signal ac voltage which occurs at the earpiece is generally only about 300 - 500 mV under the conditions obtaining in the hearing aid. The level of efficiency of rectification is therefore low and the reduction in gain when the control means comes into operation remains within restricted limits. It has also already been proposed that, instead of a single diode, use may be made of full-wave rectification or also voltage doubling in order to obtain a stronger control signal. However, it is then often no longer possible for the components which 130 are additionally required for that purpose to be disposed in a hearing aid without increasing its size. The attempt to replace normal silicon diodes by Schottky diodes is also unsuccessful as both be have in a very similar fashion with the small currents which occur in this context. Finally, the use of germanium diodes which have a noticeably lower forward voltage encounters serious difficulties as those diodes are not produced in miniaturised form and are therefore generally unsuitable for use in a hearing aid.

The problem of the present invention is to improve the level of efficiency in a control circuit of the kind set forth in the opening part of this speci- fication. According to the invention, that is achieved in that an additional winding is connected in series with the working winding of the magnetic earpiece, in the manner of autotransfornner, and the rectifier of the control loop is connected by way of the additional winding to the output of the output amplifier stage.

That arrangement thus provides at the output of the additional winding and therefore at the output of the rectifier of the control loop, a higher signal ac voltage which, with the same number of turns in the working and additional windings, is double the voltage at the output of the output amplifier stage. The higher voltage gives a substantially improved level of efficiency in rectification so that it is possible to achieve effective control even with simple rectifier circuits. In some practical circuits, it was possible to measure a reduction in the maxi mum output acoustic pressure, of more than 6 dB relative to the known circuit.

As all earpieces used nowadays for hearing aids operate in accordance with a known magnetic prin ciple and therefore include a winding with a more or less closed iron circuit, the additional expendi ture only extends to double the number of turns in the coil and a tapping on the winding. The earpiece is thus similar to one of the known types with centre tapping for push-pull operation. There is no need for additional components so that the improvement in the control action may be attained without increasing the amount of space required.

Although the arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable for very small hearing aids such as behind-the-ear aids, hearingaid spectacles and in- the-ear aids, it can also be used in pocket aids. A three-pole plug connection for the earpiece cable is already known from IEC 90, which may be used. Although that plug connection is non-polarised, the circuit will operate in the desired manner provided that it is ensured that the centre pin of the plug is connected to the collector of the output transistor and both windings of the earpiece have the same number of turns.

The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the drawing in which:

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a control cir cuit according to the invention, in a hearing aid cir cuit, and Figure 2 shows the use of the control circuit shown in Figure 1, in a pocket-type hearing aid.

In the hearing aid circuit shown in Figure 1, a 2 GB 2 160 069 A 2 microphone 5 is connected to the input of a preamplifier stage 1 whose output is coupled by way of a volume control 8 and a capacitor 9 for di rect current separation to the input (base) of an output stage which is in the form of a npn-transis- 70 tor 3. The base of the transistor is connected by way of a base resistor 10 to the operating voltage +Us. The output (collector,.cp of the transistor 3 is connected to the voltage source +Ue by way of a working winding A. The working winding A is part 75 of the magnetic system of the earpiece 4. Con nected between the output (collector) of the tran sistor 3 and the control input of the preamplifier 1 is a control loop 6 which includes an additional winding B and a signal rectifier circuit 7. The wind- 80 ings A and B are connected in series in the form of an autotransformer. The signal rectifier circuit 7 comprises a rectifier which is connected in series with the winding B, and a capacitor which is dis posed in parallel with the rectifier and connected 85 to earth.

The control dc voltage 6' obtained in that way is fed to the preamplifier stage 1 where it causes a change in gain in known fashion which is not shown in the drawing. In another embodiment, the 90 control voltage W' may also be fed to the input of the amplifier output stage itself.

The level of efficiency of the signal rectifier cir cuit 7 is substantially improved in a simple manner by the circuit shown in Figure 1 as the signal ac voltage obtained at the connection C of the ear piece 4 is substantially higher (being double with the same number of turns in the windings A and B,) than that at the output (collector) of the output stage transistor 3.

As can be seen from Figure 2, the invention can also be used in pocket-type hearing aids in which the earpiece 4' is connected to the pocket aid 11 by a connecting wire 14 with two three-pole plugs 12 and 13. The pocket aid 11 which is shown in dia grammatic form has three output terminals which are associated with the plug 12 and which are con nected to the operating voltage +U,, the collector of the transistor 3 and the point C of the control loop 6. In the same manner, the earpiece 4' has three terminals which are associated with the input of the winding A, the junction between the two windings A and B, and the output of the additional winding B.

Claims

1. A control circuit for an amplifier with an out- put- controlled automatic gain control, in particular for a hearing aid, comprising an output amplifier stage, a magnetic earpiece which has a working winding connected between the output of the out put amplifier stage and the operating voltage, and a control loop having a rectifier, for automatic gain control, which control loop is connected between the output of the output amplifier stage and the in put of the output amplifier stage or a preamplifier stage if provided, characterised in that an addi tional winding (B) is connected in series with the working winding (A) of the magnetic earpiece (4), in the manner of autotransformer, and the rectifier of the control loop (6) is connected by way of the additional winding (B) to the output (collector) of the output amplifier stage (3).

2. A control circuit according to claim 1 characterised in that the earpiece is a magnetic build-in earpiece for hearing aids which are to be worn on the head, the winding thereof being provided with a tapping in the manner of a push-pull earpiece.

3. A control circuit according to claim 1 characterised in that the earpiece (41 is a plug-in earpiece which is connected to a pocket aid by means of a three-pole earpiece cable, wherein the centre pin of the plug (12) on the aid is connected to the output (collector) of the output transistor (3) (Figure 2).

Amendments to the claims have been filed, and have the following effect:(a) Claims 1 above have been deleted or textually amended. (b) New or textually amended claims have been filed as follows:- 1. A control circuit for a hearing aid comprising an output amplifier stage, a magnetic earpiece which has a working winding connected between the output of the output amplifier stage and the operating voltage, and a control loop having a rectifier, for automatic gain control, which control loop is connected between the output of the output amplifier stage and the input of the output amplifier stage or a preamplifier stage if provided, characterised in that an additional winding (B) is connected in series with the working winding (A) of the magnetic earpiece (4), in the manner of au- totransformer, and the rectifier of the control loop (6) is connected by way of the additional winding (B) to the output (collector) of the output amplifier stage (3).

4. A control circuit according to claim 1, sub stantially as described herein with reference to Fig.

1 or Fig. 2 of the drawings.

Printed in the UK for HMSO, D8818935, 10185, 7102. Published by The Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC2A lAY, from which copies may be obtained.