GB2158714A

GB2158714A - Injectable metoclopramide compositions

Info

Publication number: GB2158714A
Application number: GB08510115A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Ram Dutta Pathak; Ian Patrick O'brien
Original assignee: Beecham Group PLC
Current assignee: Beecham Group PLC
Priority date: 1984-05-17
Filing date: 1985-04-19
Publication date: 1985-11-20
Also published as: AU591631B2; NZ212097A; GB8510115D0; GB8412585D0; AU4362489A; ZA853671B; AU4260785A; GB2158714B; AU623694B2; CA1262686A

Abstract

A parenteral pharmaceutical composition comprising metoclopramide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and from 0 to 0.06% by weight, preferably from 0 to 0.006% by weight, of the composition of sodium metabisulphite, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier. The use of this composition to alleviate nausea and vomiting, particularly in that associated with cancer chemotherapy is described.

Description

SPECIFICATION Composition The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing metoclopramide, and its use in medicine.

Metoclopramide is a known anti-emetic agent which is used to alleviate nausea and vomiting.

Hitherto, it has been administered by oral and injection routes, and for the latter use it has conveniently been packaged into 2ml ampoules for injection, each ampoule containing 10mg metoclopramide in saline solution. It has also been found necessary to include an effective level of the antoxidant sodium metabisulphite in the injectable composition to maintain stability.

Recently, the injectable composition has been used in association with certain types of cancer chemotheropy in which an anti-cancer agent such as Cisplatin is administered, and where a side effect of such treatment is severe nausea and vomiting. However, Cisplatin has been found to be incompatible with sodium metabisulphite, and this has limited the extent to which metoclopramide can be used in the chemotherapy treatment.

We have now found that, surprisingly, sodium metabisulphite can be omitted from the injectable composition without unduly affecting the stability of the composition, and that as a result larger ampoules, of up to 20ml in size, can be employed in combination with Cisplatin in infusion for the chemotherapy treatment. It is also possible to include small amounts of sodium metabisulphite, substantially less than the 0.15% by weight of metabisulphite hitherto employed in the 2ml ampoule size, without having compatability problems with Cisplatin.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a parenteral pharmaceutical composition comprising metoclopram ide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and from 0 to 0.06% by weight of the composition of sodium metabisulphite, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier.

Preferably the amount of sodium metabisulphite present is from 0% to 0.006% by weight of the composition and most preferably 0% of sodium metabisulphite is present.

Examples of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of metoclopramide include the hydrochloride.

Preferably, the liquid carrier comprises sterile saline solution.

The amount of metoclopramide administered to a patient should be sufficient to exert an antiemetic effect. An anti-emetically effective amount of metoclopramide will depend on a number of factors such as the severity of the emesis being treated and the body weight of the patient. However in general a dosage of from 0.014 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg per day will be administered to a human, Suitably the composition is in a unit dosage form, such as an ampoule, preferably containing an anti-emetically effective amount of metoclopramide. A unit dose in excess of 1mg, in particular in excess of 10mg, for a 70kg adult will have an anti-emetic effect. For the severe emesis caused by cancer chemotherapy, such as by Cisplatin therapy, however, a unit dose of 50 to 200 mg, in particular about 100mg, is preferred.The volume of the unit dose may be from 1ml to 40 ml, in particular from 2ml to 20ml, the smaller volumes correlating with the smaller dosage units and the larger volumes with the larger dosage units. The larger volumes are thus most suitable for use in cancer chemotherapy such as Cisplatin therapy.

The unit dose may be administered from once a day to as many times as is necessary to give a dosage in 24 hours of from 0.014 to 10 mgikg bodyweight. Thus for example in the aforementioned Cisplatin therapy, a 100mg unit dose of metoclopramide may suitably be administered from 1 to 7 times in a 24 hour period to a 70kg adult.

The composition of the invention may be prepared by admixing the components in conventional manner.

Further according to the present invention there is provided a method of treating nausea and vomiting which comprises administering to a patient in need thereof an anti-emetically amount of a composition of the invention.

The invention is now illustrated by means of the following Example Example The following formulations were made up as follows: Formulation 1 Metoclopramide hydrochloride BP 0.526 Sodium chloride BP 0.800 Water for injection BP to 100.000 Formulation 2 Metoclopramide hydrochloride BP 0.526 Sodium chloride BP 0.800 Sodium metabisulphite 0.006 Water for injection BP to 100.000 Preparation 1 The sodium chloride, sodium metabisulphite where present and the metoclopramide hydrochloride were dissolved in that order in boiled water for injection BP (about 80% final volume) at below 30"C under stirring and with nitrogen bubbled through the water. The solution was made up to the final volume with water for injection at below 30"C. The solution was filtered under nitrogen pressure through a 511m filter, collected and filled into 20ml glass ampoules under nitrogen. The product was sterilised by heat treatment of the sealed ampoules in an autoclave.

Preparation 2 The above procedure was repeated except that the final solution was filtered through a sterilising filter, and the filling was effected in a sterile area.

Claims

1. A parenteral pharmaceutial composition comprising metoclopramide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and from 0 to 0.6% by weight of the composition of sodium metabisulphite, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier.

2. A composition according to claim 1 which contains from 0.to 0.006% by weight of the composition of sodium metabisulphite.

3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 which contains 0% of sodium metabisulphite.

4. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the metoclopramide is in the form of the hydrochloride salt.

5. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims in unit dosage form.

6. A composition according to claim 5 wherein the unit dosage form contains at least 1 mg of metoclopramide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein the unit dosage contains from 50 to 200 mg of metoclopramide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the unit dosage contains 100 mg of metoclopramide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

9. A composition according to any one of claims 5 to 8 wherein the volume of the unit dosage is from 1 ml to 40 ml.

10. A composition according to claim 9 wherein the volume of the unit dosages is from 2 ml to 20 ml.

11. A parenteral pharmaceutical composition substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the examples.