GB2154761A - Diffusive optical fibre termination - Google Patents
Diffusive optical fibre termination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2154761A GB2154761A GB08504312A GB8504312A GB2154761A GB 2154761 A GB2154761 A GB 2154761A GB 08504312 A GB08504312 A GB 08504312A GB 8504312 A GB8504312 A GB 8504312A GB 2154761 A GB2154761 A GB 2154761A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fibre
- core
- optical fibre
- tapered
- diffusing medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0601—Apparatus for use inside the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
- G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
- G02B6/4203—Optical features
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2255—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips
- A61B2018/2261—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips with scattering, diffusion or dispersion of light
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
An optical fibre termination (1), particularly useful for laser radiation treatment of tumours, comprises a tapered end (3) to the fibre (2) and a diffusing medium (5) over the taper. The taper (3) may be uniform or non-uniform and the diffusing medium (5) may includes particulate matter to give an isotropic spread of light. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Diffusive optical fibre termination
This invention relates to an improved optical fibre termination for use in the phototherapy treatment of tumours and other medical conditions.
The phototherapy treatment of tumours, for instance, requires that the tumour under treatment be radiated with light of selected frequency generally from a laser, the tumour having been previously administered with haematoporphryn derivative or some other activable compound.
Subcutaneous tumours undergoing this treatment require the use of optical fibres to guide the light from the source to the treatment area. in the case of many tumours the outlet termination of the fibre is inserted in the tumour with the aid of a hypodermic needle, whilst in the case where the tumour is located in passages, for example bronchial tumours, the optical fibre termination is positioned in close proximity to the tumour. Efforts have been directed in recent years to developing suitable fibre terminations to provide effective and efficient irradiation of tumours.
It is instructive to consider the prior art in this field in order to gain an appreciation of this invention.
One form of termination that has been used for these treatments is a simple cleave transverse to the fibre axis. In this instance light is issued in a cone from the core surface resulting in a highly directional output, which is usually undesirable. Further, in practice, a termination of this nature results in blood baked onto the cleaved surface during treatment due to the high intensity of light at the core's endface. The baked blood absorbs much of the light so necessitating frequent cleaning of the fibre during treatment, and complicating irradiation dosage monitoring.
Another type of termination provides that the endmost 5 to 15 millimetres of cladding be removed and the exposed core enveloped in the layer of adhesive compound mixed with diffusing matter such as sapphire powder. To protect this layer a further protective layer is generally provided by a small tube of plastics material, typically teflon. Light exits such a termination by scattering from the diffusive layer along this endmost 5 to 15 millimetres of fibre length. This type of termination is generally used for bronchial tumours, however its efficiency for this kind of treatment suffers because a significant portion of the light emerges from the end face of the fibre in a direction which does not irradiate the tumour located alongside the fibre, and further the emission from the fibre is very non-uniform along the diffusing length.
This type of termination may conceivably be used for subcutaneous tumours, however in practice the layer of diffusive material and its protective cladding results in an overall diameter which prohibits insertion by means of a hypodermic needle. This deficiency can be overcome by merely roughening the surface of the core along the endmost 5 to 15 millimetres, however such a termination has proven to be highly susceptible to breakage.
The object of this invention is to provide an optical fibre termination for use in phototherapy treatment of tumours that efficiently diffuses transmitted light and which can have a maximum diameter no greater than that of the fibre protective cladding and further which has an emitting area sufficient to prevent baking of blood onto the termination during treatment when using light powers normally used with the phototherapy treatment.
In one form therefore the invention is said to reside in a optical fibre for use in photoradiation therapy wherein the fibre comprises a central core material enveloped by cladding comprising at least one of an inner cladding of a low refractive index material and an outer cladding, the fibre being adapted to be coupled to a laser beam whereby to project laser light through the central core material having an output end portion which has a tapered core region which is surrounded by a diffusing medium whereby light emerging from the tapered core region undergoes scattering.
In a preferred embodiment the core is of circular cross-section and the diameter of the core in the tapered region decreases uniformally to a endmost point over a length of between 5 and 15 millimetres.
In a further preferred embodiment the diffusing medium comprises a transparent resin material, said resin material containing fine particulate reflective or refractive matter.
In a further preferred embodiment the diffusing medium has a cylindrical exterior surface co-axial with the fibre and having a diameter comparable to that of the fibre core.
In a further form the invention is said to reside in a method of irradiating a tumour prepared for phototherapy wherein the method includes coupling a gold vapour laser beam into an input end of an optical fibre and locating the output end in proximity to the tumour, characterized by the output end having an endmost portion which has a tapered core region surrounded by a diffusing medium whereby light emerging from the tapered region undergoes scattering.
In a preferred embodiment of this form of the invention the diameter of the tapered region decreases uniformly to an endmost point over a length of between 5 to 15 millimetres.
In a further preferred embodiment of this form of the invention the diffusing medium comprises a transparent resin material, said resin material containing fine particulate reflective or refractive matter.
Most commonly the core material optical fibres is quartz, otherwise known as silica. In this case, the taper made by one method of the invention may be prepared by controllably introducing the fibre into a dissolving environment such as hydrofluoric acid being either in the form of a solution of hydrofluoric acid or an atmosphere of hydrofluoric acid gas.
Tapered fibres have been employed in situations where optical coupling between fibres is required because a bare conically tapered termination can deliver an output with a substantially reduced divergence over conventional square-cut terminations however the specific and useful application of the invention to tumour treatment does not require a narrowly divergent beam but on the contrary requires a highly divergent beam emitted from a relatively large surface area. These two requisites are satisfied by the present invention in which the tapered core is enveloped by a diffusive medium.
In the simplest form of the termination of this invention the taper is in the form of a core typically extending over length of between 5 to 15 millimetres. However the taper may alternatively be fashioned to a non-conical form which will generally effect the irradiance from the surface of the fibre. Generally the steeper the gradient of the surface at a point on the taper the higher the intensity of light issuing at that point. The irradiance pattern from the taper may also be altered by varying the thickness of concentration of the diffusing medium along the length of the taper.
The diffusing medium may typically comprise a resin compound or silicon rubber compound impregnated with fine particulate powder so as to give a reflective or refractive effect, that is in the case of the reflective material one that has a different refractive index than the diffusing medium base.
Examples of powders are titanium dioxide or sapphire powder. It will be realised that the concentration of the powder must be chosen to provide sufficient diffusion of the emerging light without excessive absorption.
The invention will now be discussed in relation to preferred embodiments as illustrated in the accompanying drawings to assist in the understanding of the invention.
In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a tapered optical fibre.
Figure 2 shows a tapered optical fibre with a diffusive medium applied in a conical shape and
Figure 3 shows a optical fibre with an alternative shape of taper and a cylindrical diffusing medium.
Now looking more closely at the drawings, it will be seen in reference to Fig. 1 that the optical fibre 1 has a cylindrical portion 2 and a tapered end portion 3. The cylindrical portion 2 is protected by a cladding 4 but the cladding is removed before the tapered portion 3.
Rays propagating within the cylindrical region are totally reflected until they reach the tapered region at which point the angle of inclination of the rays to the core surface will increase with each internal reflection until it exceeds that inclination necessary for internal reflection, where upon the ray may escape from the core material. Depending upon the degree of taper and the propagation inclination the ray may exit the core material upon first interaction with the core surface in the tapered region or may fail to exit the core material until after a multitude of internal reflections in the tapered region.
Thus light will exit the taper along its entire tapering length, however, in its naked form the irradiance emerging from the taper will be strongly anisotropic.
The fibre as shown in Fig. 1 may be inserted directly into a tumour for the delivery of laser light, however, in situations wherein the tumour is located in the side walls of an anatomical passage the anisotropic irradiance of the fibre is undesirable.
Now looking at Fig. 2 it will be seen that the tapered portion 3 of the optical fibre 1 has been coated with a diffusing medium 5 including particulate material. This diffusing medium 5 is of uniform thickness along the length of the taper and will act to scatter the emerging light in a more isotropic fashion.
Fig. 3 illustrates a non-uniformly tapered fibre end 6 having a non-uniform layer of diffusing medium 7 providing a substantially cylindrical outside surface 8 with a cylindrical diameter comparable to that of the fibre core and certainly no larger than the protective cladding 4.
The various embodiments of the invention as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 provide for optical fibre terminations which are robust, which are suitable for insertion by means of a hypodermic needle and which issue transmitted light uniformly along the issuing length in a generally isotropic manner and which further do not result in blood baking onto the fibre.
Claims (9)
1. An optical fibre for use in photoradiation therapy, wherein the fibre comprises a central core material enveloped by cladding comprising at least one of an inner cladding of a lower refractive index material and an outer cladding, the fibre being adapted to be coupled to a laser beam whereby to project laser light through the central core material and having an output end portion which has a tapered core region which is surrounded by a diffusing medium whereby light emerging from the tapered core region undergoes scattering.
2. An optical fibre as claimed in claim 1 in which the core is of circular cross-section and the diameter of the core in the tapered region decreases uniformly to an endmost point over a length of between 5 and 15 millimetres.
3. An optical fibre as claimed in claim 1 in which the diffusing medium comprises a transparent resin material, the resin material containing fine particulate reflective or refractive matter.
4. An optical fibre as claimed in claim 1 in which the diffusing medium has a cylindrical exterior surface co-axial with the fibre and having a diameter comparable to that of the fibre core.
5. A method of irradiating a tumour prepared for phototherapy wherein the method includes coupling a gold vapour laser beam into an input end of an optical fibre and locating the output end in proximity to the tumour, the output end having a tapered core region which is surrounded by a diffusing medium whereby light emerging from the tapered region undergoes scattering.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 in which the diameter of the core in the tapered region decreases uniformly to an endmost point over a distance of between 5 and 15 millimetres.
7. A method as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6 in which the diffusing medium comprises a transparent resin material, the resin containing fine particulate reflective or refractive matter.
8. An optical fibre constructed and arranged substantially as herein specifically described with reference to and as shown in Fig.
2 or Fig. 3 of the drawings.
9. A method of irradiating a tumour substantially as herein specifically described with reference to and as shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPG372984 | 1984-02-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8504312D0 GB8504312D0 (en) | 1985-03-20 |
GB2154761A true GB2154761A (en) | 1985-09-11 |
Family
ID=3770508
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08504312A Withdrawn GB2154761A (en) | 1984-02-21 | 1985-02-20 | Diffusive optical fibre termination |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2154761A (en) |
Cited By (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2180367A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1987-03-25 | Ord Inc | Tapered optical fibre for immunoassay |
EP0292621A1 (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1988-11-30 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Contact or insertion laser probe having wide angle radiation |
AT387140B (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1988-12-12 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | ROD-SHAPED LIGHT GUIDE FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES |
US4878492A (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1989-11-07 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Laser balloon catheter |
FR2642183A1 (en) * | 1989-01-24 | 1990-07-27 | Schott Glaswerke | OPTICAL FIBER FOR RADIATION IRRADIATION OF HOLLOW SYSTEMS IN THE FORM OF TUBES WITH LASER RAYS |
EP0386241A1 (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-09-12 | Radiotekhnichesky Institut Imeni Akademika A.L.Mintsa Akademii Nauk Sssr | Light-guiding device for medical treatment |
EP0391558A1 (en) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-10-10 | Medical Laser Technologies Limited | A method of making an optical device |
EP0400802A2 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-05 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Optical fiber diffusion tip for uniform illumination |
EP0408757A1 (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1991-01-23 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Laser beam transmitting member and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0411132A1 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1991-02-06 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Heating equipment using laser beam |
EP0416931A2 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-03-13 | Medical Laser Technologies Limited | Medical applications for an optical device |
EP0424272A2 (en) * | 1989-10-20 | 1991-04-24 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Laser light irradiation apparatus |
WO1991006251A1 (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1991-05-16 | Surgilase Inc. | Optical fibre assembly for medical lasers |
FR2656066A1 (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-06-21 | Strahlen Umweltforsch Gmbh | DEVICE FOR ISOTROPIC IRRADIATION OF SHAPE CAVITIES SIMILAR TO A SPHERE. |
EP0437181A1 (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1991-07-17 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Apparatus for irradiating the bronchia of a patient for a photodynamic therapy |
EP0437183A1 (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1991-07-17 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Light diffuser for a photodynamic therapy of tumours in the oesophagus of a patient |
EP0441040A2 (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-14 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Laser catheter having diffraction grating for beam shaping |
EP0450149A1 (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1991-10-09 | Health Research, Inc. | Fiber optic diffusers and method for manufacture of the same |
EP0458506A1 (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1991-11-27 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Unitary scalpel for contact laser surgery |
EP0487633A1 (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1992-06-03 | Surgical Laser Products, Inc. | Integral end structure for medical laser waveguide |
US5146917A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1992-09-15 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Fibre-optic apparatus for the photodynamic treatment of tumors |
US5207669A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1993-05-04 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Optical fiber diffusion tip for uniform illumination |
WO1994012240A1 (en) * | 1992-11-23 | 1994-06-09 | Tct Fiber Optik A/S | Systems for irradiation of cancer with broad spectrum radiation by means of optic fibres and optic probes |
US5373571A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1994-12-13 | Spectran Specialty Optics Company | Fiber optic diffuser tip |
US5380318A (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1995-01-10 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Contact or insertion laser probe having wide angle radiation |
EP0676218A1 (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1995-10-11 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Light diffuser and process for the manufacturing of a light diffuser |
EP0731931A4 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1995-10-18 | Fiberguide Ind Inc | Fiber optic cylindrical diffuser |
US5496311A (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1996-03-05 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Physiologic low stress angioplasty |
EP0292622B1 (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1996-12-11 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Vaporization contact laser probe |
EP0761257A2 (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 1997-03-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Laser probe for medical treatment |
US5709653A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-01-20 | Cordis Corporation | Photodynamic therapy balloon catheter with microporous membrane |
US5754717A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-05-19 | Indigo Medical, Incorporated | Light-diffusing device for an optical fiber, methods of producing and using same, and apparatus for diffusing light from an optical fiber |
US5797868A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-08-25 | Cordis Corporation | Photodynamic therapy balloon catheter |
WO1999050697A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Spot light fiber and illuminating apparatus |
US6004315A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1999-12-21 | Focal, Inc. | Optical fiber diffuser and method of making |
US6126655A (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-10-03 | The General Hospital Corporation | Apparatus and method for selective laser-induced heating of biological tissue |
US6129723A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 2000-10-10 | The General Hospital Corporation | Apparatus and methods for laser-induced superficial alteration of a substrate |
US6196963B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2001-03-06 | Medtronic Ave, Inc. | Brachytherapy device assembly and method of use |
US6461031B1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 2002-10-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Spot light fiber and illuminating apparatus |
US6529543B1 (en) | 2000-11-21 | 2003-03-04 | The General Hospital Corporation | Apparatus for controlling laser penetration depth |
EP1405608A1 (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 2004-04-07 | Indigo Medical, Incorporated | Apparatus using a laser lucent needle |
EP1611861A1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-04 | Mani, Inc. | Optical fiber machining method and laser beam irradiation device |
JP2008507328A (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2008-03-13 | オンディーヌ インターナショナル リミテッド | Manufacturing method of optical fiber probe tip used for medical device |
DE102010045845B4 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2019-06-27 | J. Morita Mfg. Corp. | Dental laser radiation chip |
WO2021092024A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-14 | Laser Peripherals, Llc | Diffusing apparatus for laser therapy treatment |
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GB739970A (en) * | 1953-04-11 | 1955-11-02 | Ottico Meccanica Italiana E Ri | Device for illuminating a movable mark in photogrammetric plotting systems |
GB1264142A (en) * | 1968-03-18 | 1972-02-16 |
-
1985
- 1985-02-20 GB GB08504312A patent/GB2154761A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB739970A (en) * | 1953-04-11 | 1955-11-02 | Ottico Meccanica Italiana E Ri | Device for illuminating a movable mark in photogrammetric plotting systems |
GB1264142A (en) * | 1968-03-18 | 1972-02-16 |
Cited By (67)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT387140B (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1988-12-12 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | ROD-SHAPED LIGHT GUIDE FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES |
GB2180367A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1987-03-25 | Ord Inc | Tapered optical fibre for immunoassay |
US5380318A (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1995-01-10 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Contact or insertion laser probe having wide angle radiation |
EP0292622B1 (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1996-12-11 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Vaporization contact laser probe |
EP0292621A1 (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1988-11-30 | Surgical Laser Technologies, Inc. | Contact or insertion laser probe having wide angle radiation |
US4878492A (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1989-11-07 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Laser balloon catheter |
EP0386241A1 (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-09-12 | Radiotekhnichesky Institut Imeni Akademika A.L.Mintsa Akademii Nauk Sssr | Light-guiding device for medical treatment |
EP0386241A4 (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-10-03 | Radiotech Inst An | Light-guiding device for medical treatment |
EP0411132A1 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1991-02-06 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Heating equipment using laser beam |
EP0411132B1 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1995-05-10 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Heating equipment using laser beam |
US5496311A (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1996-03-05 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Physiologic low stress angioplasty |
EP0408757A4 (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1991-06-19 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Laser beam transmitting member and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0408757A1 (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1991-01-23 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Laser beam transmitting member and method of manufacturing the same |
FR2642183A1 (en) * | 1989-01-24 | 1990-07-27 | Schott Glaswerke | OPTICAL FIBER FOR RADIATION IRRADIATION OF HOLLOW SYSTEMS IN THE FORM OF TUBES WITH LASER RAYS |
EP0391558A1 (en) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-10-10 | Medical Laser Technologies Limited | A method of making an optical device |
US5042980A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-08-27 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Optical fiber diffusion tip for uniform illumination |
EP0400802A3 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-04-10 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Optical fiber diffusion tip for uniform illumination |
EP0400802A2 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-05 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Optical fiber diffusion tip for uniform illumination |
US5207669A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1993-05-04 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Optical fiber diffusion tip for uniform illumination |
EP0487633A4 (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1993-10-20 | Surgical Laser Products, Inc. | Integral end structure for medical laser waveguide |
EP0487633A1 (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1992-06-03 | Surgical Laser Products, Inc. | Integral end structure for medical laser waveguide |
EP0416931A3 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1993-02-03 | Medical Laser Technologies Limited | Medical applications for an optical device |
EP0416931A2 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-03-13 | Medical Laser Technologies Limited | Medical applications for an optical device |
EP0424272A3 (en) * | 1989-10-20 | 1991-10-09 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Laser light irradiation apparatus |
EP0424272A2 (en) * | 1989-10-20 | 1991-04-24 | S.L.T. Japan Co, Ltd. | Laser light irradiation apparatus |
WO1991006251A1 (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1991-05-16 | Surgilase Inc. | Optical fibre assembly for medical lasers |
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EP0437183A1 (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1991-07-17 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Light diffuser for a photodynamic therapy of tumours in the oesophagus of a patient |
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