GB2152307A - A direct current lift motor drive arrangement - Google Patents
A direct current lift motor drive arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2152307A GB2152307A GB08432632A GB8432632A GB2152307A GB 2152307 A GB2152307 A GB 2152307A GB 08432632 A GB08432632 A GB 08432632A GB 8432632 A GB8432632 A GB 8432632A GB 2152307 A GB2152307 A GB 2152307A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- mains
- motor
- energy storage
- semiconductor switches
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
- B66B1/30—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on driving gear, e.g. acting on power electronics, on inverter or rectifier controlled motor
- B66B1/306—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on driving gear, e.g. acting on power electronics, on inverter or rectifier controlled motor with DC powered elevator drive
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/75—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/757—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/281—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices the DC motor being operated in four quadrants
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
A D.C. lift motor is energized from a battery source 2 via an inverter 3 and a rectifier bridge 4. The inverter produces a constant-frequency three phase output. A battery charger 1 is provided. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Procedure and means for producing the control voltage for a direct current lift motor
The present invention concerns a procedure and apparatus for producing the contol voltage for a d.c.
lift motor by the aid of semiconductor switches, in which with the aid of a constant voltage energy storage and its charging means, connected to a.c.
mains, is controlled a direct current motor in four quadrants.
The properties of a d.c. motor are superior in lift technology, in qualitative respect, to any a.c. motor.
Quality is here understood to mean freedom from vibration, and accuracy of the speed control. It is for this reason that gearless express lifts in particular are constructed using d.c. motors exclusively. In express lift technology, use of a four-quadrant thyristor bridge has been adopted in d.c. motor control. This has come as a novelty, replacing the classical Leonard-Ward technique. The new technique is advantageous e.g. owing to its high efficiency. Drawbacks are, however, poor power factor, high starting currents and superharmonics injected into the mains. It is also noted that mains voltage failure may cause fuses to blow and may imprison persons in the lift between floors.
For eliminating these detriments, there has been invented (see e.g. the Finnish patent applications
No. 833051 and 833302) conduction of a d.c. voltage, produced by the aid of rectifying, into an energy storage releasing the drive energy for the d.c.
motor, in which case the control signal for the d.c.
motor is produced from the constant, or intermediate, voltage of the energy storage by pulse width modulation. This entails certain advantages: -the required rated mains connection power is low because energy also goes to the energy storage while the lift is stationary. Since this storage charging current is fairly minimal, power factor and harmonics will no longer pose problems.
-the starting current imposes no load on the mains, whereby the mains only supply to the system the constant charging current for the energy storage.
- the lift has at all times reserve power (the energy storage), and therefore mains failure causes no blowing of fuses and no incarceration of people.
The best known energy source with constant voltage is the storage battery. For storage batteries may be substituted e.g. a flywheel, which has higher momentary energy releasing and receiving capacity than a storage battery, and requires less maintenance.
The pulse modulation circuit of apparatus of this kind has usually been implemented with the wellknown so-called McMurray-type thryristor circuit.
By the McMurray circuit, usable pulse modulation systems can be implemented without need of any special components.
However, circuits of this kind are encumbered by three significant drawbacks.
First, no appropriate sound damping technique has been developed which would demonstrably work in connection with a lift.
The second drawback is lack of alternating voltage which the lift's instrument panel needs.
The third detriment is that all of the motor power passes through one thyristors This requires largesized th ryistors, which are expensive.
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of an express lift with d.c. motor. The procedure of the invention for producing the control voltage of a d.c. motor is mainly characterized in that of the voltage of the energy storage is formed by an inverter circuit, known in itself in the art, a three-phase, constant frequency mains voltage by which is supplied a four-quadrant, mains-commutated d.c. drive known in itself in the art, which controls the lift motor.
The means applying the procedure of the invention, comprising semiconductor switches for producing the control voltage for the d.c. motor and a constant voltage energy storage, and the latter's charging means connected to a.c. mains, is mainly characterized in that the voltage of the energy storage has been connected to an inverter circuit, known in itself in the art, for producing a threephase, constant frequency mains voltage, this voltage being conducted to a four-quadrant, mainscommutated d.c. drive known in itself in the art, for controlling a lift motor.
The following are the most important advantages of the invention:- - in the design according to the invention, the power is divided between a plurality of thyristors, and since the size of thyristors is always limited, correspondingly larger amounts of power can be managed.
-when a three-phase apparatus-internal a.c.
mains derived from a storage battery is available, all normal electric appliances of the lift operating on alternating current will receive their supply even when the external power supply is cut off. Such apparatus includes for instance transformers, chokes and contactors.
-the frequency of the apparatus-internal mains may be increased to be higher than the frequency of the external supply mains. This results in smaller, and less expensive, chokes and capacitors in the noise suppressor.
Fig. 1 presents the control of a d.c. motor by the procedure of the invention, in an exemplary circuit.
Fig. 2 presents a vector diagram, drawn for easier understanding of the voltage patterns of the inverter part of the invention.
Fig. 3 presents the shapes of the phase voltages and phase-to-phase voltages of the internal threephase mains of the means of the invention.
Figs 4a-4f present voltage shapes illustrating the operation of the d.c. drive of Fig. 3 when this drive is supplied with a rectangular three-phase mains voltage as taught by the invention.
Figs 5a-5c present the equivalent voltage shapes for a six-pulse rectifier working from sinusoidal mains.
The operation of the means of the invention shall next be described by making a closer study of the details in Fig. 1. The block 1 represents a charger connected to the electric mains, by which energy can be stored in the energy storage 2 as required.
The electric mains connection is represented by the voltage U, which may be single-phase because the drive of the invention draws rather little current, owing to the equalizing effect of the energy storage 2. The charger can be switched on and off by conventional methods, which are not more closely described here.
As an example of the three-phase inverter, in the top part of Fig. 1 is presented a circuit 3 in which from the energy storage 2 is supplied an a.c. motor 3 by means of thyristors T1-T6 constituting semiconductor switches. In general, the semiconductor switches are by-passed as shown in
Fig. 1 with diodes D1-D6 for supplying and rectifying the current going towards the energy storage.
The above-mentioned components T1-T6 and D1
D6 constitute the main components of the inverter 3.
An actual inverter often contains, furthermore, components required in order to commutate the thyristors unless these are of so-called GTO type. In the forced commutation thyristor circuit of Fig. 1, the switching off of thyristors T1-T6 is effected by means of a resonant circuit composed of a capacitor and a choke. Forced commutation circuits are familiar to a person skilled in the art and therefore the operation of the inverter circuit will not be more closely described here. The three-phase supply voltage formed by the inverter 3 has been denoted with Vl, V2 and V3 in the figure.
The lower part of Fig. 1 presents a four-quadrant d.c. drive 4 provided with noise suppressor. The d.c.
drive consists of the thyristors T7-T18. These thyristors further control the motor 3. On the motor shaft 3 has been mounted a traction sheave 5, which further moves the lift cage 6 and counterweight 7 by the aid of the lifting ropes 8. Sound damping of the d.c. drive 4 has been accomplished with the components C1 and L4. The commutation chokes
L1-L3 participate additionally in the sound damping.
The sound damping technique concerned here has been presented in the Finnish Patent No. 61252.
The d.c. drive concerned here belongs to commonly known technology and is not more closely presented therefore; in the following are instead described the principles of operation of the means of the invention. In the top part of Fig. 2 are seen the phase voltages VI, V2 and V3 formed by the inverter circuit 3. From these phase voltages one may calculate, according to Fig. 2, by simple vector calculus the phase-to-phase voltages U1, U2 and U3 by the formulae
U1 =Vl -V2 U2=V3-V1 U3 = V2 - V3
This is how the phase voltages in the lower part of
Fig. 3 were found. Since the supplying voltage is not sinusoidal, like it is usually, being instead a so-called six-step voltage, the operation of the d.c. drive 4 differs from the state of art:
The voltages produced at rectification are represented by Figs 4a-4f.Depending on the location of the ignition angle, either a rectifying situation or an alternation situation is obtained. In
Fig. 4a, the phase-to-phase voltages U1, U2 and U3 have been combined in one coordinate system. Figs 4b-4d display rectifying voltages of different magnitudes, depending on the time of ignition T1
T3, and Figs 4a and 4f show alternated voltages of various magnitudes, depending on the ignition times T4 and T5.
It is seen that the voltage shapes in Fig. 4 differ clearly from the commonly known voltage forms supplied from sinusoidal voltage mains, as will be obvious on comparison of the curve shapes in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. In Fig. 5 have been calculated, similarly as in Figs 2 and 3, the voltage shapes of a thyristor rectifier commutated in sinusoidal mains. Of the phase voltages RST in Fig. 5a have been derived the phase-to-phase voltages as in Fig. 5b, and hence further, with a given ignition angle, the terminal voltage of the motor, which in Fig. Sc has been deduced from the voltage shape of a six-pulse rectifier operating from sinusoidal mains, with a given ignition angle. The voltage of Fig. Sc may be compared with the voltage in Fig. 4d, which represents a rectifying voltage with approximately the same direction in the case of the present invention. It is observed that the voltage shape is indeed completely different.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that different embodiments of the invention are not exclusively confined to the example presented in the foregoing and may instead vary within the scope of the claims stated below.
Claims (5)
1.A A procedure for producing the control voltage for a d.c. motor with the aid of semiconductor switches, wherein with the aid of a constant voltage energy storage (2) and of its charging means (1) connected to a.c. mains is controlled a d.c. motor (5) with semiconductor switches in four quadrants, characterized in that from the voltage of the energy storage (2) is formed by means of an inverter circuit (3), known in itself in the art, a three-phase, constant frequency mains voltage (V1,V2,V3) by which is supplied a four-quadrant, mains-commutated d.c.
drive (4), known in itself in the art, which controls a lift motor (5).
2. Procedure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mains voltage (V1, V2, V3) produced with the inverter circuit (3) is a rectangular wave.
3. Means for applying Claim 1, comprising semiconductor switches for forming the control voltage for a d.c. lift motor (5) and a constant voltage energy storage (2) and its charging means (1), connected to a.c. mains, characterized in that the voltage of the energy storage (2) has been connected to an inverter circuit (3), known in itself in the art, for producing a three-phase, constant frequency mains voltage (V1, V2, V3), this voltage being conducted to a four-quadrant, mainscommutated d.c. drive (4), known in itself in the art, for controlling a d.c. lift motor (5).
4. A procedure for producing the control voltage for a d.c. motor with the aid of semiconductor switches as claimed in Claim 1 substantially as described by way of example disclosed herein.
5. Means for applying the procedure for producing the control voltage for a d.c. motor with the aid of semiconductor switches as claimed in
Claim 4 substantially as described with reference to
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI834881A FI834881A (en) | 1983-12-30 | 1983-12-30 | FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER AOSTADKOMMANDE AVSTYRSPAENNING FOER EN HISS'LIKSTROEMSMOTOR. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8432632D0 GB8432632D0 (en) | 1985-02-06 |
| GB2152307A true GB2152307A (en) | 1985-07-31 |
Family
ID=8518295
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08432632A Withdrawn GB2152307A (en) | 1983-12-30 | 1984-12-27 | A direct current lift motor drive arrangement |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60176498A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8406785A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3447805A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI834881A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2557744B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2152307A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009022439A1 (en) * | 2009-05-23 | 2010-12-09 | Brinkmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for mixing and conveying of pasty material, such as screed and mortar, involves providing mixing vessel for receiving and mixing material components |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1166837A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1969-10-08 | Allgemeinen Elek Citats Ges | Electric Self-Propelled Vehicle for Direct-Current and Alternating-Current Networks |
| GB1417188A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1975-12-10 | Gen Electric | Electric power converters |
| GB1527277A (en) * | 1975-10-13 | 1978-10-04 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Electric power converting apparatus for use in battery cars |
| GB2135084A (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Controlling multiple output converter |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS537050A (en) * | 1976-07-06 | 1978-01-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Device for controlling elevator |
| US4136382A (en) * | 1978-01-18 | 1979-01-23 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Converter system |
| CA1154085A (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1983-09-20 | William F. Wirth | Controlled regenerative d-c power supply |
| FI65512C (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1984-05-10 | Elevator Gmbh | REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF TORRES |
| SE451980B (en) * | 1980-08-14 | 1987-11-09 | Atlas Copco Ab | BATTERY OPERATED VEHICLE WITH A CHOPPER CONTROL FOR CONTROL OF THE ENGINE SPEED AND CHARGING THE BATTERY FROM EXTERNAL STROMKELLA |
| EP0093555A1 (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-11-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Vehicle propulsion motor control apparatus |
-
1983
- 1983-12-30 FI FI834881A patent/FI834881A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1984
- 1984-12-21 FR FR8419643A patent/FR2557744B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-12-27 GB GB08432632A patent/GB2152307A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-12-28 JP JP59281976A patent/JPS60176498A/en active Pending
- 1984-12-28 BR BR8406785A patent/BR8406785A/en unknown
- 1984-12-29 DE DE19843447805 patent/DE3447805A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1166837A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1969-10-08 | Allgemeinen Elek Citats Ges | Electric Self-Propelled Vehicle for Direct-Current and Alternating-Current Networks |
| GB1417188A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1975-12-10 | Gen Electric | Electric power converters |
| GB1527277A (en) * | 1975-10-13 | 1978-10-04 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Electric power converting apparatus for use in battery cars |
| GB2135084A (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Controlling multiple output converter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI834881A0 (en) | 1983-12-30 |
| JPS60176498A (en) | 1985-09-10 |
| FR2557744B1 (en) | 1988-08-26 |
| BR8406785A (en) | 1985-10-22 |
| DE3447805A1 (en) | 1985-07-11 |
| GB8432632D0 (en) | 1985-02-06 |
| FI834881A (en) | 1985-07-01 |
| FR2557744A1 (en) | 1985-07-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |