GB2145129A - Stack pipe assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

A soil stack pipe for a building has a branch pipe assembly of diameter larger than the pipes 1,2 and includes couplings 4,5, a deflecting and decelerating portion 7 with a partition plate 6, a collecting portion 8, 8a with a coupling 10 for a branch pipe 9 and a vortex portion of decreasing diameter with baffles 12 to cause a swirl in the downward flow in pipe 2. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Drainage collecting pipe The present invention relates to an improvement in a drainage collecting pipe interposed between two vertical drainpipes in a single pipeline drain system used in a high or medium height multiple dwelling house or the like to receive drainage and other waste water.

The single pipeline drain system comprises a plurality of vertical drainpipes connected together into a single drain pipeline extending from a top floor downwardlyto receive drainage and otherwaste waterfrom living quarters on each floorthrough sideways branch pipes. A portion for receiving drainage coming in through sideways branch pipes at each floor comprises a drainage collecting pipe interposed between the vertical drainpipes, and this collecting pipe has a greater diameterthan the vertical drain pipes and includes open couping portions projecting from a peripheral waltthereofto which the sideways branch pipes are connected.This single pipeline drain and system has a problem of great air pressure variations and drain noise occurring to a progressively increasing degree as the drainage descends along the vertical drainpipesfrom top to lowerfloors.

Steps heretofore taken to solvethis problem comprise, for example, constricting at least a lower half of the large diameter collecting pipe in a tapered shape as distinctfrom a simple cylindrical configuration, provision of baffles at the portions coupled to the sideways branch pipes, and provision of means to control drainage flows in the collecting pipe. In this connection, the present applicant has proposed a large diameter collecting pipe comprising helical baffle means protruding from its inner peripheral wall and extending from an upper end to a lower end, with a width gradually narrowing downwardly (which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication 57-18015).

However, the improvements proposed to date are inadequate to prevent a rise in the air pressure inside the pipes, slow down drainage flow speeds, and suppress noise, and may even give rise to new problems of backflowto a watertight position leading from a toilet or the like and clogging occurring in the collecting pipe.

The present invention intends to solve the above unsolved problems, to realize effective reduction of variations in air pressure insidethe pipes and of noise, and to permit drainage to flowdownwardly under a stable air pressure smoothly and swiftly. More particularly, the present invention provides means to deflect drainage falling from avertical drainpipe to a limited one side ofthe collecting pipe to thereby decelerate the speed of the drainage, means to guide drainage entering from a sideways branch pipe or pipes to a peripheral side opposed to the peripheral side along which the drainage from the vertical drainpipe flows to thereby avoid mutual interference between the vertical drainage and the sideways drainage and to prevent a rise in the air pressure and a backflowto the sideways branch pipe or pipes, and a constricted bottom portion of the collecting pipe having a protruding inclined baffle or baffles to prevent clogging and to reduce drain noise. Therefore, a collecting pipe according to the present invention is characterized by comprising open coupling portions at respective axial ends thereof for coupling to vertical drain pipes, and a collecting portion extending between the open coupling portions and having a large diameterthan the vertical drainpipes, the collecting portion including a deflecting and decelerating chamber, a collecting chamber, and a vortex chamber arranged in the aforesaid order along a pipe axis, the deflecting and decelerating chamber including a partition plate for deflecting drainage falling from the open coupling portion at a top end to one side in the collecting chamber, the collecting chamber being in communication attheothersidewith at least one branch pipe coupling portion, the vortex chamber being surrounded by a sloping peripheral wall to be tapered from top to bottom and including at least one baffle protruding from the sloping peripheral wall and inclined relative to the pipe axis to whirl drainage falling from the collecting chamber.

Moreparticularly, the collecting pipe ofthis invention comprises the deflecting and decelerating chamber defined by the partition plate along one peripheral side in an upper portion ofthe collecting pipe, a collecting chamber immediately downstream of the deflecting and decelerating chamberfor collecting vertical streams of drainage, branch pipe coupling portions provided on a peripheral side opposed to the deflecting and decelerating chamber, the sloping peripheral wall of thevortex chamber disposed at a lowermost portion ofthe collecting pipe, and the baffles protruding from the sloping peripheral wall and inclined relative to the pipe axis, and these features realize reliably and easily that the speed of drainage entering from the upper drainpipe is reduced, that mutual interference between the vertical drainage flow and the sideways drainage flow in prevented by deflecting the vertical flow to one side, thereby minimizing variations in air pressure inside the pipe and preventing backflowsplashing water, that a smooth confluence is obtained in the collecting chamber, thatthe drainage flows spiraling down from the vortex chamberwithout stagnating therein,that the air pressure is stabilized by a continuous formation of air core, and that discharge speed is quickened and noise is reduced positively.The invention solves the problems of drain piping, in particularthe single pipeline drain system for continuously and concen tratedlydischargingdrainagefrom each floor of a multi-storey building, by markedly decreasing variations in the air pressure in the pipes and drain noise.

The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which; Fig. lisa front view in vertical section of a collecting pipe according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of a collecting pipe of the type comprising plural parts according to the present invention, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line Ill-Ill of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a sectional viewtaken on line IV-IV of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line V-V of Fig. 3, Fig. 6 is a sectional viewtaken on line VI-VI of Fig. 3, Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line VII-VII of Fig. 3, Fig. 8 is a sectional viewtaken on line VIII-VIII of Fig.

3, Fig. 9, is a plan view of a flange of a lower part ofthe collecting pipe shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 10 is a side view in section of a connection between upper and lower parts of the collecting pipe shown in Fig. 3, Fig. ? 11 is a graph showing test results of air pressure variations in the pipe according to the present invention and in a prior art pipe, Fig. 12 is a side view of an upper part of a modified embodimentofthe present invention, Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken on the line XIII-XIII of Fig. 12, Fig. 14 is a sectional viewtaken on line XIV-XIV of Fig. 13, Fig. 15is a side view in vertical section of an upper part of another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 16 is a side view in section of a collecting pipe according to the prior art.

Fig. 1 shows a drainage collecting pipe 3 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The collecting pipe 3 is interposed between an upper vertical drainpipe 1 and a lowervertical drainpipe 2, and includes open coupling portions 4 and 5 at respective vertical ends thereof connected to the two drainpipes 1 and 2 by known watertight coupling structures, respectively. The collecting pipe 3 comprises a body portion having a greater diameter than the drainpipes 1 and 2. In this embodimentthe collecting pipe 3 comprises a large diametercylindrical portion 3a extending from an upper position continuous with the top open coupling portion 4to an intermediate position thereof, and a tapered portion converging downwardly from the intermediate position to the bottom open coupling portion 5, with gently sloping peripheral innerwall 3b as shown.A lip-like pertition plate 6 depends from a side of a peripheral inner wall at a lower end of the top open coupling portion 4and extends inthecylindrical portion 3a towards an axis X ofthe pipes, whereby a deflecting and decelerating chamber 7 is formed to deflect and decelerate drainage falling from the upper drainpipe 1 towards a side of a peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion 3a as indicated by an arrow A. The deflecting and decelerating chamber7 occupies substantially an upperwhole ofthe cylindrical portion 3a,which is determined by the length ofthe depending partition plate 6.A portion immediately below the deflecting and decelerating chamber7 constitutes a collecting chamber 8where the drainage deflected and decelerated bythe partition plate 6 joins drainage from a sideways branch pipe connected to a peripheral position ofthe cylindrical portion 3a.

More particularly, the collecting pipe 3 includes at least one protruding open coupling portion 10 connected to the sideways branch pipe 9 leading from a toilet or otherwaste source, the coupling portion 10 being provided on a peripheral wall ofthe collecting chamber 8 opposed to the drainage deflected to one side of the collecting chamber 8 afterflowing along the partition plate 6 and through the deflecting and decelerating chamber7 or on a peripheral wall of the collecting chamber 8 fathermostfrom such drainage flows. While the illustrated example includes one coupling portion 10, a plurality of such coupling portions may be provided as desired, one above the other and projecting in different directions, by enlarging the axial dimension of the cylindrical portion 3a and the axial dimention of the collecting chamber 8.

The portion immediately belowthe collecting chamber 8 and surrounded by the gently sloping peripheral wall 3b constitutes a vortex chamber 1 1 to through which the drainage from the drainpipe 1 and the drainage from the sideways branch pipe 9, after joining each other in the collecting chamber 8, fall confluentlyto flow into the lower drainpipe 2 by way of the bottom coupling portion 5.Thevortexchamber 11 includes a plurality of baffles 12 protrudingfrom theinnerwallorsloping peripheralwall3b,whereby the confluence of the drainage from the upper drainpipe 1 indicated bythearrowAand the drainage from the sideways branch pipe 9 indicated by an arrow B spirals round the pipe axis X down the lower drainpipe 2 as indicated by an arrow C.More particularly, these baffles 12 are arranged at equal intervals around the sloping peripheral wall 3b, and each ofthe baffles 12 comprises a plate having an approximately trapezoidal shape and inclined relative to the pipe axis X. Each baffle 12 extends along the vertical direction ofthe sloping peripheral wall 3b, with a width gradually narrowing from top to bottom.

The sideways branch pipe 9 and the coupling portion 10 are interconnected by a known watertight coupling structure.

While the collecting pipe 3 according to the first embodiment as shown in Fig. 1 has an integral construction from the top open coupling portion 4to the bottom open coupling portion 5, the collecting pipe 3 ofthis invention may comprise plural parts assembled one on top of the other. This modification or a second embodiment will now be described with reference to Figs. 2 to 10. The collecting pipe 13, whose entirety is shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and fragments are shown in Figs. 4to 9, comprises an upper pipe part 13 having a top open coupling portion 4 and lower pipe part 14 having a bottom open coupling portion 5, the two pipe parts 13 and 14 being rigidly interconnected end to end by a flange connection 15.As shown in detail in Fig. 10, a socket 14a is defined atthe top of the lower pipe part 14to receive a lower end of the upper pipe part 13, and a flange 14b isformed to extend radiallyfromthe socket 14a. Thetwo pipe parts 13 and 14 are rigidly connected by inserting the lower end ofthe upper pipe part 13 into the socket 14a, placing a sealing element 16 such as of rubber between a periphery ofthe lower end ofthe upper pipe part 13 and the flange 14b, bringing a separate flange 17 into engagement with the sealing element 16, which flange 17 has been fitted on the upper pipe part 13 in advance, and fastening the two flanges 1 4b and 17 together by tightening bolts 18 and nuts 19.

This coupling structureof course is not limited to the illustrated example but is variable in many different ways. The collecting pipe 3 comprising upper and lower parts 13 and 14 as described includes a body portion continuous from the top open coupling portion 4to the bottom open coupling portion 5 which constitutes a drainage collecting portion having a greater diameterthan the drainpipes 1 and 2. The upper pipe part 13 includes a partition plate 6 curved somewhat into a letter S shape in the illustrated example. The partition plate 6 extends from a lower end of the top coupling portion 4to form a deflecting and decelerating chamber7 along one side ofthe collecting pipe 3 as in the first embodiment.As shown, a peripheral wall, approximately halfway around, of the upper pipe part 13 bendingly projects as at 13a in opposed relationship with the shape of the partition plate 6. The partition plate 6 has such a length as to extend into a lower portion ofthe upper pipe part 13. A collecting chamber 8 is defined to extend from the upper pipe part 13 to the lower pipe part 14, and more particularly from an open lower end ofthe upper pipe part 13 beginning at the lower end of the partition plate 6to an open upper end of the lower pipe part 14.

In communication with this collecting chamber, there is formed a pre-collecting chamber8a in a space upstream thereof and formed a pre-collecting chamber 8a in a space upstream thereof and opposed to the deflecting and decelerating chamber7acrossthe partition plate 6. This pre-collecting chamber is formed also in the foregoing first embodimentas a portion 8a in the back of the partition plate 6. In the second embodiment, however, the pre-collecting chamber8a is formed in a clearly defined large space owing to the shape ofthe partition plate 6.The features of the second embodimentthatthe long collecting chamber8 is provided utilizing the coupling portion between the upperand lower pipe parts 13 and 14 and that the pre-collecting chamber 8a is clearly defined by the shape ofthe partition plate 6, permit a plurality of branch pipe coupling portions 1 Oa and 1 Ob to be provided one above the other as shown in Figs. to 6. In particular, the pre-collecting chamber 8a behind the partition plate 6 is in communication with three upper branch pipe coupling portions 1 Oa projecting in different directions from the periphery of the upper pipe part 13, and the collecting chamber8 is in communication with one lower branch pipe coupling portion lOb projecting from the periphery ofthe lower pipe part 14.These upper and lower branch pipe coupling portions 1 0a and lOb may be utilized to admit various kinds of waste water and discharges of the miscellaneous naturefrom many different directions.

For example, the upper branch pipe coupling portions 1 0a may be coupling to sideways pipes leading from toilets, and the lower branch pipe coupling portion 1 Ob may be coupled to a sideways pipe leading from a kitchen or otherwaste source, orvice versa. The lower pipe part 14includesa vortexchamber 11 extending from a lower end of the collecting chamber S atthe top open end ofthe pipe part 14to the bottom open coupling portion 5, the vortex chamber 11 being surrounded by gently sloping peripheral wall 3boas shown in Figs. 3 and 5, the vortex chamber 11 includes a plurality of baffles 12 protruding from the sloping peripheral wall 3b and arranged at equal intervals therearound,the baffles 12 being inclined relative to the pipe axis X as in the first embodiment to turn confluentstreamsfalling from the collecting chamber 8 into whirling streams. These baffles 12 become narrowerfrom top to bottom as shown.

In the example shown in Fig. 3, the baffles 12 extend continuously from the sloping peripheral wall 3bto the open coupling portion 5, but the baffles 12 may be provided only on the sloping peripheral wall 3b, from the collecting chamber 8 to the sloping peripheral wall 3b, orcontinuouslyfrom the collecting chamber 8 through the sloping peripheral wall 3b to the open coupling portion 5.

The collecting pipe 3 according to this invention is used, as conventional collecting pipes of this type, by mounting between vertical drainpipes, one for each storey, in a pipeline extending from to bottom of a building. The collecting pipe 3 receives waste water from toilets, kitchens and other waste sources in one ofthe storeys flowing in by way of sideways branch pipes, and permits the waste water or drainage to join drainage falling through the vertical drainpipe and to drain continuously downwardly. The top of such a drainpipe system is open to the ambient and the bottom end thereof leads to a suitable sewage disposal pool.

With the collecting pipe 3 of the foregoing embodiment,the drainage falling from the upper drainpipe 1 enters the top open coupling portion 4 and is guided by the partition plate 6 into the deflecting and decelerating chamber7. Thus, the drainage flows downwardly along one side ofthe pipe periphery having the large diameter portion 3a, deflected thereto by the shape ofthe partition plate 8. To be more particularly, the partition plate 6 acts to deflect the drainage falling vertically through the upper drainpipe 1 instead of permitting the drainage to flow straight down through an entire area of the large diameter portion. The deflecting action ofthe partition plate 6 is effective to slow down the drainage flow speed to thereby avoid a rise in air pressure within the pipe.The partition plate 6 is also effective to prevent the downwardly flowing drainage from directly contacting and interfering with drainage entering from the sideways branch pipes 9 to thereby, again, avoiding a rise in air pressure within the pipe. Further, there occurs no backflow of the drainage into the sideways branch pipes 9, but instead the drainage joinsthe drainage entering the collecting chamber 8 from the sideways branch pipes 9 through the coupling portions 10a and 1 Ob smoothly and quietly.

In the collecting chamber8,therefore, the drainage from the upper drainage 1 and the drainage entering from the sideways branch pipes 9 join one another in a side by side fashion, causing little turbulence due to mutual interference and little variation in the air pressure insidethe pipe.

Thedrainagesthusjoin one anothersmoothly and without much noise, and flowtogether downwardly into the vortex chamber 11 disposed atthe lowermost position of the collecting pipe 3. The vortex chamber 11 has a sectional configuration constricted downwardly bythe gently sloping peripheral wall 3b, and includes a plurality of baffles 12 inclined relative to the pipe axis and projecting at equal intervals from the sloping peripheral wall 3b. Therefore, the confluence of drainage tends to be most close together in the vortex chamber 11, and here the confluence is subjected to the action ofthe baffles 12 to thereby flow down spiraling aboutthe pipe axis.The confluence of drainage then flows down smoothly and free from elongging, intothe lowerdrainpipe2 in a most optimal manner. Atthis timethe spiraling flow caused bythe baffles 12formsan aircore extending vertically along the pipe axis to thereby realize a stable drain without varying the air pressure inside the pipe and without causing much drain noise.Since the baffles 12 are arranged to projectfrom the sloping peripheral wall 3b, a proper inclination angle thereof relative to the pipe axis is effective to prevent stagnation of the drainage in the vortex chamber 11 and to permit quick and reliable discharge ofthedrainagetherefrom.The gentle sloping ofthe peripheral wall 3b is effective to prevent clogging and to stabilize the air pressure as already noted.

Thus, the collecting pipe 3 ofthe present invention ensures smooth downflow of drainage, minimizing and stabilizing the air pressure inside the pipe and involving little noise. Referring to Fig. 16 showing a different collecting pipe 3 for comparison purposes, this construction comprises a straight, large diameter cylindrical portion extending from top to bottom, with baffles 12 projecting in this large diameter portion, and a cylindrical vortex chamber 11 including these baffles 12 and directly connected to an open coupling portion Sthrough a tapered portion 3b'. Because of this construction, drainage putto a vortexflow may stagnate at the tapered portion 3b' while whirling round.In contrast, the present invention provides the vortex chamber 11 with the sloping peripheral wall 3b as described, and with the baffles 12 on the sloping peripheral wall 3b, whereby the drainage flows whirling down into the lower drainpipe 2 without stagnating. Fig. 11 shows drain test results. The tests were carried out on single drain pipe systems in a eleven-storey building utilizing the collecting pipes of the present invention and conventional collecting pipes.In the tests, drain water was continuously run from the eleventh floor in an amount of 330 limit. The graph showsvariations in the air pressure insidethe pipes from the first to eig htfloors, in which curves Y andy'indicatevariationswherethecollecting pipes of the present invention are used and curves Z and Z' indicate variations where the conventional collecting pipes are used. In the graph, the righthand side of the centercolumn indicatingthefloorsisfor+Pvalues and the lefthand side is -P values ofthe air pressure variations (both being mm Aq values), and tolerance limits are set at + 25 mm Aq.As seen, the collecting pipes of the present invention has proved superiorto the conventional collecting pipe, and particularly superiorwhen used in lowerfloors.

Figs. 12 to 14show a further embodiment of the present invention comprising a modified partition plate 6. Sincethis embodiment includes a lowerpipe part identical to the lower pipe part of Fig. 2, a description hereinafterwill be limited to a portion corresponding tothe upper pipe part of the collecting pipe 3 shown in Fig. 2. In this embodiment, a portion of the collecting pipe 3 is formed to project inwardly as at 103, and a narrow bifurcate partition plate 6 extends from an upperface 103a of the projecting portion 103 diagonallydownwardly along inner peripheries of the collecting pipe 3.The partition plate6 hastwo arms spaced apart fro each other by a distance Islightly greaterthan a minimum inside diameterofdofthe open coupling portion 4, as shown in Fig. 14. The two arms ofthe partition plate 6 terminate as at 6a which is short ofa peripheral point 1 03b lying in the direction in which the partition plate extends. The projecting portion 103 and the partition plate6 actto deflect drainage falling from the upper drainpipe towards the peripheral point 1 03b ofthe collecting pipe 3.The construction comprising the projecting portion 103 and the partition plate eliminates obstacles from the central part of the collecting pipe 3,thereby securing a largeflowarea for drainage and air inside the collecting pipe 3 and reducing variations in the air pressure therein.

Fig. 15 shows anotherembodimentofthe present invention, in which only an upper pipe part ofthe collecting pipe is shown asthe embodiment of Figs. 12 to 14, and in which a projecting portion 103 and a partition plate 6 are providedas in the preceding embodiment.Thecollecting pipe 3 in this embodiment, as distinct from those in the preceding embodiments, includes no branch pipe coupling portion 1 0a.

It will be appreciated that the present invention is also applicable to such a construction as including no branch pipe coupling portion.

Claims (6)

1. Adrainagecollecting pipe comprising open coupling portions at respective axial endsthereoffor coupling to vertical drainpipes, and a collecting portion extending between said open coupling portions and having a large diameterthan said vertical drainpipes, said collecting portion including a deflecting and decelerating chamber, a collecting chamber, and a vortex chamber arranged in the aforesaid order along a pipe axis, said deflecting and decelerating chamber including a partition plate for deflecting drainage falling from said open coupling portion ata top end to one side in said collecting chamber, said collecting chamber being in communication atthe other side with at least one branch pipe coupling portion, said vortex chamber being surrounded by a sloping peripheral wall to be taperedfrom top to bottom and including at least one baffle protruding from said sloping peripheral wall and inclined relative to the pipe axis to whirl drainage falling from said collecting chamber.

2. Adrainagecollecting pipeasclaimed in claim 1 wherein said collecting chamber comprises two parts arranged in the direction of the pipe axis and bolted together, each of said parts being communication with at least one branch pipe coupling portion.

3. A drainage collecting pipe as claimed in claim 2 wherein said baffle has a width gradually reducing from top to bottom.

4. A drainage collecting pipe as claimed in claim 3 wherein said partition plate extends from one side wall in a bifurcate form in plan view diagonally downwardly along peripheral walls of said collecting pipe.

5. A drainage collecting pipe as claimed in claim4 wherein said bifurcate partition plate has arms spaced apart by a distance slightly greater than a minimum inside diameter of said open coupling portion.

6. A drainage collecting pipe, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accom panying drawings.