GB2142989A - End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers - Google Patents

End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2142989A
GB2142989A GB08316061A GB8316061A GB2142989A GB 2142989 A GB2142989 A GB 2142989A GB 08316061 A GB08316061 A GB 08316061A GB 8316061 A GB8316061 A GB 8316061A GB 2142989 A GB2142989 A GB 2142989A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
collar
housing
end cap
cap assembly
roller tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08316061A
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GB8316061D0 (en
GB2142989B (en
Inventor
Brian Greener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB filed Critical Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB
Priority to GB08316061A priority Critical patent/GB2142989B/en
Publication of GB8316061D0 publication Critical patent/GB8316061D0/en
Publication of GB2142989A publication Critical patent/GB2142989A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2142989B publication Critical patent/GB2142989B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02Bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G39/00Rollers, e.g. drive rollers, or arrangements thereof incorporated in roller-ways or other types of mechanical conveyors 
    • B65G39/02Adaptations of individual rollers and supports therefor
    • B65G39/09Arrangements of bearing or sealing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A conveyor roller comprises a roller tube fitted with end cap assemblies incorporating bearings for rotatably mounting the roller tube on a fixed shaft. Each end cap assembly comprises a rigid housing (10) fitted with a cylindrical collar (19) of a size to be a push fit in an end of the roller tube, the outer end of the collar being spaced radially from the remainder of the housing. The end cap assembly is secured in position by swaging the end of the tube so as to force the outer end of the collar radially inwards against the rigid housing. The outer end of the collar has a flange (21) which abuts the end of the roller tube, and the external surface (16) of the housing is curved radially inwards at (25) in the direction of the free end of the collar to limit the deflection of the collar. The collar is made of resilient plastics material having a maximum tensile strength within the range 45-85 meganewtons/ metre<2> under standard ASTM conditions, and the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 25 and 60 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers This invention relates to conveyor rollers of the kind comprising a roller tube fitted with end cap assemblies incorporating bearings for rotatably mounting the roller tube on a fixed shaft.
End cap assemblies having housings made of sheet metal are commonly secured in conveyor roller tubes by swaging the tube onto each end cap assembly, the end cap housing being deformed at the same time as the tube is reduced in diameter by the swaging operation. It is known to swage steel roller tubes onto end cap assemblies having rigid housings made of plastics material moulded to the final shape which will be taken up by the deformed steel tube. It is however difficult to obtain an acceptable rotational secure fit by swaging a tube down on to such a preformed, rigid, moulded plastics housing, since the steel tube when deformed is subject to a degree of "spring-back" which reduces or can even remove the force acting between the housing and the steel tube.
In order to overcome the problem of "springback" of a roller tube swaged onto a rigid bearing housing in an end cap assembly of a conveyor roller, it is known to provide the housing with a collar of resilient plastics material and of a size to be a sliding fit within an end of the roller tube, the axially inner end of the collar being secured to the axially inner end of the housing and the axially outer end of the housing being of reduced diameter so as to be spaced radially inwards from the outer end of the collar, whereby the end cap assembly can be secured in the roller tube by swaging the end of the roller tube onto the outer end of the collar which is thereby forced radially inwards against the smaller diameter end of the housing.When the swaging force is removed, the collar tends to return to its original position due to its resilient resistance to deformation, and thereby maintains a force between the collar and the tube despite any spring-back in the tube.
An end cap assembly having a spring collar of plastics material as described above is difficult to design due to the fact that plastics material creeps, that is flows, when subjected to load. The rate of creep is very small but must nevertheless be taken into account since it is important to ensure that the creep will not result in the end cap assembly becoming free of the roller tube during the life of the conveyor roller, which may be several years. The collar is therefore preferably subjected to as large a strain as practicable upon swaging of the roller tube onto the end cap assembly since the greater the strain the greater the force exerted by the collar on the roller tube and hence the greater the rotational retention ofthe end cap assembly in the roller tube.
The maximum strain in a collar which is forced radially inwards occurs at the inner and outer peripheries of the collar and it can be shown that the maximum strain is dependentinteralia upon the wall thickness of the collar and the axial radius of curvature of the wall, that is the radius of curvature of the wall of the collar in axial cross section.
The minimum strain necessary to provide retention of the end cap assembly over a number of years is preferably that necessary to maintain contact between the collar and the roller tube at all points around its periphery under all load conditions, throughout the life of the conveyor roller. When the conveyor roller is rotating under load, the loaded side of the collar is subjected to deflection, and the unloaded side of the collar must spring back in order to maintain contact with the roller tube. There is however insufficient time for the plastics material to recover its deflection fully during its passage through the unloaded side of the conveyor roller, so that the minimum strain is dependent inter alia upon the proportion of the strain which is recovered during this period.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved construction of end cap assembly having a spring collar of a plastics material having a maximum tensile strength within the range 45 - 85 meganewtons/ metre2 under standard ASTM conditions. Such plastics are in common use in industry.
One example is Nylon 66 with 33% glass fibre filling.
According to the present invention there is provided an end cap assembly for a roller tube of a conveyor roller, comprising an annular housing having a plastics collar of a size to be a sliding fit within an end of the roller tube, and a bearing in said housing for rotatably mounting the assembly on a shaft, the external surface of the housing being curved radially inwards over at least part of the length thereof, and the collar having an end portion which is spaced from and surrounds said curved part of the housing, so that upon insertion of the assembly in an end of a roller tube with said end portion of the collar axially outwards from the remainder of the collar, the end of the roller tube may be swaged radially inwards to force the collar into engagement with the housing with said end portion of the collar lying along the curved external surface of the housing and deformed to the curvature thereof, characterised in that the collar is made of a plastics material having a maximum tensile strength within the range 45 - 85 meganewtons I metre2 under standard ASTM conditions, and that the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 25 and 60 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar.
In the preferred construction of an end cap assembly according to the invention the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 35 and 40 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar.
Two constructions of end cap assemblies for a conveyor roller in accordance with the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is an end view of an end cap assembly having a spring collar integral with the bearing housing, the end view being taken in the direction of arrow A in Figure 2, Figure 2 is a cross sectional side elevation of the end cap assembly of Figure 1, Figure 3 is an end view of the end cap assembly taken in the direction of arrow B in Figure 2, Figure 4 is a cross sectional side elevation of one end of a conveyor roller incorporating the end cap assembly of Figures 1-3, Figure 5 is a cross sectional side elevation of an end cap assembly in which the collar and the housing are separate components, and Figure 6 is a cross sectional side elevation of one end of a conveyor roller incorporating the end cap assembly of Figure 5.
The end cap assembly shown in Figures 1-4 comprises a housing 10 fitted with a ball bearing 11, an end cover 12 engaged as a snap fit in the bore of the bearing, and an annular felt seal 13 compressed between the housing and the end cover.
The housing 10 comprises a cylindrical inner wall 15, a cylindrical outer wall 16 surrounding the inner wall 15, an end wall 17 integral with adjacent ends of the walls 15, 16, and a plurality of radial webs 18 (Figure 3) spaced around the housing and extending between the inner and outer walls 15,16, the webs 18 being integral with the walls 15,16,17. A cylindrical collar 19 surrounds the wall 16 and is connected thereto at the end remote from end wall 17 by an annular bight portion 20 of U-shaped cross section, to form a support for a conveyor roller tube.
The end of the collar 19 remote from the bight portion 20 is formed with a radial flange 21. The end ofthe cylindrical inner wall 15 remote from wall 17 is formed with an annular step 22 forming an abutment for the bearing 11, and a further end wall 23 integral with the step 22 extends radially inwards as shown in Figure 2. The inner periphery of the end wall 23 is formed with an axially-extending annular flange 23' which terminates close to the inner ring of the bearing.
The outside surface of the outer wall 16 of the housing is formed with a plurality of axially extending ribs 24 spaced around the housing, each rib being radially aligned with one of the radial webs 18.
The ends of the ribs 24 adjacent the bight portion 20 have radially outer surfaces which are flat and parallel and spaced close to the inside surface of the collar 19, but the remainder of the ribs have radially outer surfaces 25 which are curved radially inwards in the axial direction away from the bight portion 20.
The end wall 17 is formed with two concentric annular tongues 26,27 on the side remote from the webs 18, the radially outer tongue 26 having a curved outer surface 28 in axial cross section which forms an extension of the curved outer surfaces 25 ofthe ribs 24.
The ball bearing 11 comprises an outer bearing ring 30, an inner bearing ring 31 and balls 32 in rolling engagement with grooved tracks on the rings 30,31 so that the bearing is capable of resisting radial forces and axial forces in both directions. The outer ring 30 is a tight fit against the inside surface of the cylindrical wall 15 and abuts against the step 22.
The end cover 12 comprises an annular disc 35 formed on one side with three concentric annular tongues 36,37,38 and a cylindrical flange 39 at the centre of the disc 35. The free end of flange 39 is split axially and formed into four resilient fingers 40 having enlarged ends 41 which extend through the bore of the inner bearing ring 31 and engage as a snap fit on the chamfer thereof, and the centre portion of the flange 39 is formed with an annular step 42 which abuts against the adjacent face of the inner bearing ring when the enlarged ends on the fingers engage the opposite side of the inner bearing ring, thereby axially locating the end cover relative to the bearing and the housing 10.The radially outer tongue 36 on the cover projects between the tongues 26, 27 on the housing, and the tongue 37 on the cover is spaced close to the tongue 27 on the housing, so as to provide a narrow tortuous gap between the tongues 37,27,36,26 forming a labyrinth seal between the housing and the cover.
The annular felt seal 13 is mounted as a close fit in the annular recess formed between the tongues 37, 38 on the cover, and has an axial width such that it is compressed between the cover and the housing so as to be in rubbing contact with the end wall 17 of the housing upon rotation of the housing relative to the cover. The seal 13 thus closes off the radially inner end of the narrow gap of the labyrinth seal. The annular recess 45 between the tongue 38 and the cylindrical flange 39 on the cover is filled with grease for lubricating the bearing, the seal 13 preventing escape of the grease through the labyrinth.
The end cap assembly is designed for use with a cylindrical steel roller tube having an internal diameter such that the collar 19 of the end cap assembly is a hand push-fit within the rollertube,the roller tube having an external diameter which is not smaller than that of the flange 21.The end cap assembly is secured in position in the end of the roller tube, with the flange 21 abutting the end of the tube, byswaging the end of the roller tube radially inwards, that is reducing the diameter of the end of the roller tube by external pressure, so as to force the collar 19 against the ribs 24 and the tongue 26 on the housing as shown in Figure 4.The walls 15,16, 17 and the radial webs 18 form a substantially rigid frame which resists deformation under the swaging pressure applied to the roller tube. The swaging operation is preferably controlled by a pressure transducer designed to prevent the swaging pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum value.
In accordance with the invention, the housing 10 and collar 19 are formed of a resilient plastics material having a maximum tensile strength within the range 45 - 85 meganewtons I metre2 at standard ASTM conditions, for example Nylon 66 with 33% glass fibre filling, and the axial radius of curvature of the outer surfaces 25 of the ribs and the curved outer surface 28 of the tongue 26 is between 25 and 60 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar 19, that is the wall of the collar between the flange 21 and the bight portion 20. The axial radius of curvature of the surfaces 25,28 is preferably between 35 and 40 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar 19, and in a specific example the axial radius of curvature is 87.5 mm and the thickness of the wall of the collar is 2.5 mm.
In the swaging operation the end of the roller tube is deformed beyond its elastic limit so that there is little or no "spring-back" of the roller tube. The plastics material has a much higher degree of elasticity than the metal of the roller tube. The collar 19 is forced radially inwards onto the curved outer surfaces 25, 28 of the housing so that the collar lies along the curved surfaces and is deformed to the curvature thereof. The strain in the collar is thus at a substantially constant value along its length. After the swaging operation, the collar 19 acts as a spring which provides and maintains a force between the housing and the wall of the roller tube should "spring-back" occur in the tube after the swaging tool has been removed.The end cap assembly is of course secured against outward axial movement by the swaged end of the roller tube, and against inward axial movement by engagement of the flange 21 against the end of the roller tube. The external diameter of the end of the roller tube is not less than that of the flange 21, as explained above, to ensure that the swaging tool contacts the steel tube and not the flange 21 during a swaging operation.
The end cap assembly, fitted in the roller tube, is mounted on a shaft 46 (Figure 4) fixed in the frame of a conveyor, the shaft 46 being a close sliding fit in the bore of the cylindrical flange 39 on the cover. The end cap assembly is axially located by a circlip 47 engaged in a groove in the shaft as shown in Figure 4.
The end cap assembly shown in Figures 5 and 6 comprises an annular housing 50 fitted with a ball bearing 11, an end cover 52 engaged as a snap fit in the bore of the bearing and a cylindrical collar 53 fitted on and surrounding the housing.
The housing 50 comprises a cylindrical inner wall 55, an outer wall 56, an end wall 57, a plurality of radial webs 58, and an end wall 60, substantially similar to the corresponding parts of the housing 10 in the assembly of Figures 1-4, except that the collar 53 is a separate component from the outer wall 56 of the housing, the outerwall 56 curves radially inwards in the axial direction towards the end wall 57, and the outer surface of the end wall 57 is plain.
The outer wall 56 projects beyond the end wall 57 to form an annular lip 61.
The cylindrical collar 53 is formed at one end with an inwardly projecting radial flange 65 which abuts the larger diameter end of the outer wall 56 of the housing, and the collar is formed at the opposite end with an outwardly projecting radial flange 66. The collar is a tight frictional fit on the larger diameter end of the outer wall 56 of the housing.
The ball bearing 11 is the same as that in the assembly of Figures 1-4 and is a tight fit against the inside surface of the wall 55 of the housing.
The outer end cover 52 comprises an annular disc 70 formed with a cylindrical flange 71 at the centre of the disc. The flange 71 is similar to the flange 39 on the end cover of the assembly of Figures 1-4 and in the same way engages as a snap fit in the bore of the inner bearing ring 31. The disc 70 is spaced close to the end wall 57 and annular lip 61 of the housing so as to provide a narrow tortuous gap forming a labyrinth seal between the housing and the cover.
The end cap assembly of Figures 5 and 6, like that of Figures 1-4, is designed for use with a cylindrical steel roller tube 35 having an internal diameter such that the collar 53 is a hand push fit within the roller tube, the rollertube having an external diameter which is not smaller than that of the flange 66. The end cap assembly is secured in position in the end of the roller tube, with the flange 66 abutting the end of the tube, by swaging the end of the roller tube 35 radially inwards so as to force the collar 53 against the external surface of the outer wall 56 of the housing, as shown in Figure 6, in the same way as the end cap assembly of Figures 1-4 is secured in the roller tube as described previously.
The housing 50 may be made of any suitable material, conveniently resilient plastics material, and in accordance with the invention the collar 53 is made of a plastics material having a maximum tensile strength within the range 45 - 85 meganewtons / metre2 at standard ASTM conditions, and the axial radius of curvature of the external surface 72 of the housing 50 is between 25 and 60 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar 53.

Claims (8)

1. An end cap assembly for a roller tube of a conveyor roller, comprising an annular housing having a plastics collar of a size to be a sliding fit within an end of the roller tu be, and a bearing in said housing for rotatably mounting the assembly on a shaft, the external surface of the housing being curved radially inwards over at least part of the length thereof, and the collar having an end portion which is spaced from and surrounds said curved part of the housing, so that upon insertion of the assembly in an end of a roller tube with said end portion of the collar axially outwards from the remainder of the collar, the end of the roller tube may be swaged radially inwards to force the collar into engagement with the housing with said end portion of the collar lying along the curved external surface of the housing and deformed to the curvature thereof, characterised in that the collar is made of a plastics material having a maximum tensile strength within the range 45 - 85 meganewtons I metre2 under standard ASTM conditions, and that the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 25 and 60 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar.
2. An end cap assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 35 and 40 times the minimum thickness of the wall of the collar.
3. An end cap assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the plastic material is Nylon 66 with glass fibre filling.
4. An end cap assembly as claimed in any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the end of the collar remote from said end portion is integral with the housing.
5. An end cap assembly as claimed in any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the housing and the collar comprise separate components, the end of the collar remote from said end portion being a close fit on the housing.
New claims or amendments to claims filed on 24 May 84.
New claims:- 6,7 and 8.
6. An end cap assembly as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the collar is formed integral with the housing by an annular bight portion of U-shaped cross section, the said end portion of the collar is formed with an outwardly projecting radial flange arranged to abut the end of the roller tube, and the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 35 and 40 times the thickness of the wall of the collar between the flange and the bight portion.
7. An end cap assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the end of the collar remote from said end portion is formed with an inwardly directed radial flange which abuts an end of the housing, the said end portion of the collar is formed with an outwardly projecting radial flange arranged to abut the end ofthe roller tube, and the axial radius of curvature of the external surface of the housing is between 35 and 40 times the thickness of the wall of the collar between the flanges.
8. An end cap assembly as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1-4 or Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
GB08316061A 1983-06-13 1983-06-13 End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers Expired GB2142989B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08316061A GB2142989B (en) 1983-06-13 1983-06-13 End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08316061A GB2142989B (en) 1983-06-13 1983-06-13 End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers

Publications (3)

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GB8316061D0 GB8316061D0 (en) 1983-07-20
GB2142989A true GB2142989A (en) 1985-01-30
GB2142989B GB2142989B (en) 1987-01-07

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GB08316061A Expired GB2142989B (en) 1983-06-13 1983-06-13 End cap assemblies for conveyor rollers

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5181812A (en) * 1991-12-19 1993-01-26 Labinka Richard T Gun drill mechanism

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107956778A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-04-24 太仓卡兰平汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of sealing collar for automobile steering system

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2050531A (en) * 1979-03-09 1981-01-07 Skf Uk Ltd Conveyor roller

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2050531A (en) * 1979-03-09 1981-01-07 Skf Uk Ltd Conveyor roller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5181812A (en) * 1991-12-19 1993-01-26 Labinka Richard T Gun drill mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8316061D0 (en) 1983-07-20
GB2142989B (en) 1987-01-07

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19920613