GB2136347A - Forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material - Google Patents
Forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2136347A GB2136347A GB08306936A GB8306936A GB2136347A GB 2136347 A GB2136347 A GB 2136347A GB 08306936 A GB08306936 A GB 08306936A GB 8306936 A GB8306936 A GB 8306936A GB 2136347 A GB2136347 A GB 2136347A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- punch
- anvil
- die
- sheet
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000035217 Ring chromosome 1 syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/08—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
- B29C51/426—Producing specific thermal regimes during thermoforming to obtain particular properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/90—Direct application of fluid pressure differential to shape, reshape, i.e. distort, or sustain an article or preform and heat-setting, i.e. crystallizing of stretched or molecularly oriented portion thereof
- Y10S264/901—Heat-setting of stretched or molecularly oriented article formed from planar preform, e.g. sheet, film
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Description
1 GB 2 136 347 A 1
SPECIFICATION
Methods and Apparatus for Forming Tubular Closed-Ended Articles of Thermoformable Polymer Material This invention relates to methods and apparatus for forming tubular articles, each with one closed end, from thermoformable polymer materials, particularly but not exclusively high molecular weight saturated linear polyester materials such as polyethylene terephthalate.
Various proposals have been made in the past for forming such articles by the technique of plugforming, in which an annular region of a sheet of the polymer material is clamped and the portion of the sheet within the clamped region is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature but below the annealing temperature of the polymer material, and a plug heated to a temperature in the same range is forced through the plane of the sheet at a position centred within 85 the clamped region so as to draw the polymer material into the form of a tubular body with a closed end. The speed of travel of the heated plug has generally been quite slow, e.g. of the order of 0.6 to 0.8 cm per second, resulting in a long 90 production cycle time.
It is an object of the present invention to provide methods and apparatus for forming such articles reliably and effectively in relatively short process times.
According to the present invention, a method of forming a tubular article with a closed end from a thermoformable polymer material, particularly a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material, comprises. the steps of clamping an annular portion of a sheet of the polymer material, pre-heating at least the portion of the sheet within the annular clamped portion to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the polymer but below its melting 105 point, and forcing a punch through the plane of the sheet, centrally within an annular die, with a clearance between the punch and die, so as to draw the sheet into tubular form without exerting compressive stresses on the drawn sheet 110 between the side of the punch and the die, wherein the punch is maintained at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the polymer and is moved at a speed of at least 1/2 metre per second to effect the drawing. When the 115 thermoformable polymer material is a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material, the temperature to which the sheet should- be heated is below that at which rapid crystallisation of the polyester material begins.
It has surprisingly been found that the use of a relatively cold punch moving at high speed forms the tubular articles in a reliable and effective manner, so long as sufficient clearance is maintained between the punch and die to avoid 125 compressive stresses, while much shorter process cycle times, e.g. of the order of 1 second, can be achieved.
In commercial production where the cycle is repeated at a high rate, the punch is preferably cooled to maintain it at a temperature not exceeding the glass transition temperature of the polymer, preferably not exceeding 350C. Typically, the punch. is moved at a speed not exceeding 5 metres per second to effect the drawing. When using polyethylene terephthalate, the portion of the sheet within the die is preferably pre-heated to a temperature of 901C to 11 OOC. The drawing operation imparts orientation to the polymer material. It is found that the hoop strength of the wall of the tubular article improves as the temperature of the sheet is increased, whereas the axial strength decreases. On the other hand, the thickness of the wall of the tubular article is more uniform when the drawing is effected at lower temperatures. The best combination of relatively uniform thickness and both axial and hoop strength is found when the drawing is effected in this range from 901 to 11 OOC, more particularly at 1 001C.
Preferably a radiused flange is formed at the mouth of the tubular article by means of a corresponding radius on the mouth of the die. This flange may be used, for example, for seaming a metal end to the mouth of the tubular article, or attaching an end of another material, to form a closed container.
The tubular article may be formed with a shaped, e.g. convex or concave, closed end, for example where it is to be used for a pressureresistant container. For this purpose, a punch having a shaped head may be employed in conjunction with a correspondingly shaped anvil to form the closed end of the article. Thus a punch.
having a convex bullet-shaped head may bd used with or without a co-operating anvil, to produce a similarly shaped convex closed end on the tubular article. Alternatively, a punch having a concave head may be used, e.g. in conjunctio n with a convexly shaped anvil, to form a concave closed end on the tubular article.
The production cycle may be completed by th e further step of retracting the punch from the die while admitting gas through a passage in the punch to assist removal of the drawn tubular form from the punch.
Alternatively, the method of.the invention may comprise the further step of blowing the drawn tubular form from the punch into a mould cavity by means of gas forced through a passage in the punch. In that case, the mould cavity may be preheated to a temperature within the range in which rapid crystallation and relaxation of the polymer occurs, and the blowing pressure maintained for a sufficient time to effect heat-setting of the article to the dimensions of the mould cavity.
An alternative method of heat setting comprises fitting the drawn tubular form over a mandrel and heating it to a temperature within the range in which rapid crystallisation and relaxation of the polymer occurs and maintaining that temperature for a sufficient time to effect heat-setting of the tubular article to the dimensions of the mandrel.
2 GB 2 136 347 A 2 Where a punch having a shaped nose is 65 employed in conjunction with a correspondingly shaped anvil to form the closed end of the article, the anvil may be movably mounted and the punch may co-operate with the anvil only after a pre determined part of the drawing of the tubular article has been completed, whereafter the punch anvil move together against a resilient pressure applied to the anvil so as to grip the polymer material forming the closed end between the punch and anvil during the remaining part of the drawing. The resilient pressure applied to the anvil may be provided by gas under pressure in a cylinder in which the anvil forms a movable piston.
The invention also resides in apparatus for forming a tubular article with a closed end from a thermoformable polymer material, comprising an annular die, means for clamping an annular portion of a sheet of the polymer material around the die, means for pre-heating the portion of the sheet within the annular clamped portion to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the polymer but below its melting point, and a punch movable centrally through the annular die with a clearance therefrom sufficient to avoid applying compressive stresses to the sheet while drawing the sheet into tubular form, wherein the punch is provided with cooling means for maintaining the temperature of the punch' below the glass transition temperature of the polymer and means are provided capable of moving the punch at a speed of at least 1/2 metre per second to effect the drawing. The clamping means may comprise a movable clamping ring whose internal diameter is greater than that of the die. The internal diameter of the clamping ring may be as much as twice that of the die, to allow drawing of the polymer material from the region around the die aperture.
Where the apparatus comprises a punch with a shaped nose and a movable anvil in the form of a piston working in a cylinder, the cylinder may be provided with replaceable annular spacer means for limiting movement of the anvil towards the punch and thereby predetermining the portion of the drawing which must be completed before the anvil can co-operate with the punch. In a convenient construction, the cylinder supports the annular die and the annular spacer means is disposed between the die and the anvil.
Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through an apparatus in accordance with the invention, Figure 2 is an elevation of an alternative shape of punch head, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view through an 125 alternative form of die, having secured to it an anvil which can alternatively be used as a heat setting mould, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view through an alternative form of apparatus incorporating a movable anvil.
The apparatus illustrated in the drawings is intended for producing tubular containers, each with an integral closed end, from a thermoformable polymer material. It is particularly intended for use with a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material such as polyethylene terephthalate, but it has also been used successfully with other thermoformable polymer materials such as polypropylene.
The apparatus shown in Figure 1 comprises an annular die 10 with a radiused mouth 11 and a clamping ring 12 whose internal diameter is larger than that of the die 10. By axial movement of the clamping ring 12, to the right in Figure 1, a sheet of polymer 13 can be clamped to the die 10. Infra-red heaters, shown diagrammatically at 14, are disposed adjacent to the die 10 so as to heat at least the portion of the polymer sheet 13 which is to be within the clamped region to a temperature of 901C to 11 OIC (preferably 1 OOIC) before it is moved into position and clamped by the clamping ring 12.
A punch 15 is movable axially within the clamping ring 12 and centrally through the aperture of the annular die 10. When using polyethylene terephthalate, the clearance between the punch 15 and die 10 must be equal to at least 1/3 of the -thickness of the sheet 13, in order to avoid exerting compressive stresses on the sheet when it is drawn between the side of the punch 15 and the inner surface of the die 10. It will be understood that the drawing process thins out the sheet 13 to a considerable extent and it has been found that a clearance of only just over 1/3 of the thickness of the PET sheet is sufficient to avoid such compressive stresses or 11 wall ironing". Wall ironing must be prevented,. because otherwise the polymer material will be found to break or to be formed into holes during the drawing process of the present invention.
The punch 15 is formed with a central passage 16 and is secured in a punch carrier 17 also provided with a passage 18, so that air can be admitted through the punch when desired. The punch carrier 17 is connected to means (not shown) capable of moving the punch at a speed of at least 1/2 metre per second, and typically up to 5 metres per second, to effect the drawing.
In practice, when a sheet 13 of the polymer material has been heated to the desired temperature of 1 OOOC, placed in position, and clamped by the clamping ring 12, the punch 15 is forced through the aperture of the die 10 at a speed of at least 1/2 metre per second and preferably from 1.5 to 2 metres per second to draw the polymer material sheet into the desired tubular form. The punch velocity is constant over 95% of the length of its stroke. Material to form the wall of the article is drawn partly from the closed end at the head of the punch and partly from the material around the mouth of the die, within the clamping ring 12, which may be up to twice the diameter of the die to provide sufficient ^1 J11 3 GB 2 136 347 A 3 material for forming the walls. The drawing causes orientation of the material in known manner.
The punch 15 is maintained at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the polymer, preferably below 350C, e.g. by gas supplied through passages 18 and 16 or by fluid supplied through other cooling passages (not sfiown). The polymer material is rapidly cooled by contact with the punch 15, shrinkage and thermal contraction of the polymer serving to ensure and maintain good thermal contact between the polymer material and the punch. On completion of the drawing stroke of the punch 15, it is retracted while air is admitted through passages 18 and 16 so that the formed tubular article can be removed once the clamping ring 12 has also been retracted. The radius 11 on the die 10 results in the formation of a correspondingly radiused flange on the mouth of the tubular article. After trimming the external diameter of the flange, this can be used for seaming to a metal end or closure or attachment to another closure in known manner for the production of a closed container.
With the flat headed punch 15 shown in Figure 1, the drawing of material from the closed end of the article is determined by the radius of the corners 19 of the punch. It is preferred to use a radius of approximately 3 mm in order to ensure that sufficient material will be drawn from the closed end to provide adequate wall thickness.
For the production of a pressure resistant container, one may replace the flat punch head shown in Figure 1 by a convexly curved bulletshaped punch 151 as illustrated in Figure 2, to produce a correspondingly convexly curved pressure resistant end to the article. Alternatively a concave pressure- resistant end may be produced, using a concave punch head, e.g. with reduced pressure applied through passages such: as those shown at 16,18 in Figure 1.
For shaping the closed end of the article, a punch with a shaped nose may be used in conjunction with an anvil of corresponding shape, 110 to produce a closed end of convex or concave form.
Figure 3 illustrates a die 10 1 which is extended axially as compared with the die 10 of Figure 1 and which carries a concave anvil 20, corresponding in shape to punch 151 of Figure 2 and axially movable in the extension of die 101 against a spring 25. On completion of the stroke of punch 15 1, it co-operates with anvil 20 to form a convex closed end on the tubular form. The spring 25 allows the anvil 20 to move slightly to cushion the engagement.
The apparatus of Figure 2 can alternatively be used as a mould for heatsetting the tubular article. For this purpose, a heating element 26 comprising resistance heating wires in an insulating jacket is provided around the extended die 101 to heat it to a temperature within the range in which rapid crystallisation and relaxation of the polymer occur, and a heat insulating washer 27 is provided to reduce loss of heat from the die 101 to the remainder of the apparatirsAn this case, on completion of the stroke of the punch 151, some play is allowed between the drawn tubular form on the punch 151 and the interior of the mould formed by the anvil 20. The drawn tubular form is blown from the pun-eh into the mould cavity formed by the anvil 20 by means of gas forced through passage 16 in the punch, as the blowing pressure is maintained for a sufficient time to effect heat- setting of the article to the interior dimensions of the mould cavity.
Figure 4 illustrates the use of a base forming anvil 201 in combination witha recessed punch nose 21 to form a concave pressure resistant closed end or bottom on the article. In this embodiment, the die 10 and clamping ring-1 2 are of basically similar construction to those of Figure 1 and the polymer sheet 13 is held and heated in.
the same manner. The anvil 201 is -here shown as movably moun-ted as a piston irf a cylinder 22. and resiliently urged towards the punch 2 1. The means for applying resilient pressue to the-anvil could be a simple spring as in Figure-3 but in-this case is illustrated as consisting of m eans 23 for supplying compressed air to the interior of the cylinder 22. The anvil is arrangedto co- operatewith the punch 21 only after a predetermined portion of the drawing of the tubular article has been completed. For this purpose, the cylinder -22 is provided with replaceable annular spacer means 24 for limiting movement of the anvil 201 towards the punch 21 and thereby predetermining the portion of the drawing which must be completed before the anvil can cooperate with the punch. In the construction illustrated, the cylinder 22 supports the die 10 and the spacer 24 is disposed between the die 10 and the anvil 201. By choice of an appropriate length of spacer 24, the thickness of the concave base or closed end produced on the article can be controlled, because drawing of polymer material from the base ceases at the stage when the punch co-operates with the anvil. A range of shapes for the closed end or base can be produced by choice of appropriate shapes of the punch nose 21 and anvil 201.
The method and apparatus described above can be used with polymer materials other than polyethylene terephthalate, such as other high molecular weight saturated linear polyesters, homopolymers and copolymers of polypropylene, and laminated materials incorporating gas barrier layers.
Claims (1)
1. A method of forming a tubular article with a closed end from a thermoformable polymer material, particularly a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material, comprising the steps of clamping an annular portion of a sheet of the polymer material, pre-heating at least the portion of the sheet within the annular clamped portion to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the polymer but below 4 GB 2 136 347 A 4 its melting point, and forcing a punch through the plane of the sheet, centrally within an annular die, with a clearance between the punch and die, so as to draw the sheet into tubular form without exerting compressive stresses on the sheet 70 between the side of the punch and the die wherein the punch is maintained at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the polymer and is moved at a speed of at least 1/2 metre per second to effect the drawing.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the thermoformable polymer material is a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material and the temperature to which the sheet is heated is below that at which rapid crystallisation of the polyester material begins.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the punch is cooled to maintain it at a temperature not exceeding the glass transition temperature of the polymer.
4. A method according to claim 4 wherein the punch is maintained at a temperature not exceeding 351C.
5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the punch is moved at 90 a speed not exceeding 5 metres per second to effect the drawing.
6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the polymer material is polyethylene terephthalate and the annular 95 clamped portion of the sheet is pre-heated to a temperature of 900C to 11 OIC.
7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein a radiused flange is formed at the mouth of the tubular article by means of a corresponding radius on the mouth of the die.
8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a punch having a shaped head is employed in conjunction with a correspondingly shaped anvil to form the closed end of the article.
9. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein a punch having a convex bullet-shaped head is used to produce a 110 similarly shaped convex closed end on the tubular article.
10. A method according to claim 8, wherein a punch having a concave head is used, in conjunction with a convexly shaped anvil, to form 115 a concave closed end on the tubular article.
11. A method according to any one of the preceding claims comprising the further step of retracting the punch from the die while admitting gas through a passage in the punch to assist 120 removal of the drawn tubular form from the punch.
12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 comprising the further step of blowing the drawn tubular form from the punch into a mould cavity by means of gas forced through a passage in the punch.
13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the mould cavity is pre-heated to a temperature within the range in which rapid crystallisation and 130 relaxation of the polymer occurs, and the blowing pressure is maintained for a sufficient time to effect heat-setting of the article to the dimensions of the mould cavity.
14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 compri sing the further step of fitting the drawn tubular form over a mandrel and heating it to a temperature within the range in which rapid crystallisation and relaxation of the polymer occurs and maintaining that temperature for a sufficient time to effect heat-setting of the tubular article to the dimensions of the mandrel.
15. A method according to claim 8 or any one of claims 9 to 14 as appendent to claim 8, wherein the anvil is movably mounted and the punch co-operates with the anvil only after a predetermined part of the drawing of the tubular article has been completed, whereafter the punch and anvil move together against a resilient pressure applied to the anvil so as to grip the polymer material forming the closed end between the punch and anvil during the remaining part of the drawing.
16. A method according to claim 15 wherein the resilient pressure applied to the anvil is provided by gas under pressure in a cylinder in which the anvil forms a movable piston.
17. Apparatus for forming a tubular article with a closed end from a thermoformable polymer material, comprising an annular die, means for clamping an annular portion of a sheet of the polymer material around the die, means for preheating at least the portion of the sheet within the annular clamped portion to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the polymer but below its melting point, and a punch movable centrally through the annular die with a clearance therefrom sufficient to avoid applying compressive stresses to the sheet while drawing the sheet into tubular form, wherein the punch is provided with'cooling means for maintaining the temperature of the punch below the glass transition temperature of the polymer and means are provided capable of moving the punch at a speed of at least 1/2 metre per second to effect the drawing.
18. Apparatus according to claim 17 wherein the clamping means comprises a movable clamping ring whose internal diameter is greater than that of the die.
19. Apparatus according to claim 17 or 18 wherein the mouth of the die is radiused for forming a correspondingly radiused flange on the mouth of the tubular article.
20. Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the punch has a convex bullet-shaped head.
2 1. Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the punch is provided with a shaped convex or concave nose and the apparatus further comprises a correspondingly shaped anvil arranged to co-operate with the punch to form the closed end of the article.
22. Apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the anvil is arranged to cooperate with the punch GB 2 136 347 A 5 only after a predetermined portion of the drawing of the tubular article has been completed, and means are provided for applying a resilient pressure to the anvil such that it will move together with the punch against such pressure during completion of the stroke of the punch.
23. Apparatus according to claim 22 wherein the anvil forms a movable piston in a cylinder and the means for applying a resilient pressure - ' comprise means for admitting gas under pressdre 30 to the cylinder.
24. Apparatus according to claim 23 wherein the cylinder is provided with replaceable annular spacer means for limiting movement of the anvil towards the punch and thereby predetermining the portion of the drawing which must be completed before the anvil can co-operate with the punch.
annular spacer means is disposed between the die and the anvil.
26. A method of forming a tubular article with a closed end for a thermoformable polymer material, particularly a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
27. A tubular article with a closed end, formed from a thermoformable polymer material, particularly a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material, by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 16 or 26.
28. Apparatus for forming a tubular article with a closed end from a thermoformable polymer material, particularly a high molecular weight saturated linear polyester material, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 25. Apparatus according to claim 24 wherein 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 or Figure 4 of the the cylinder supports the annular die and the 40 accompanying drawings.
Printed in the United Kingdom for Her Majesty's Stationery Office, Demand No. 8818935, 9/1984. Contractor's Code No. 6378. Published by the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC2A lAY, from which copies may be obtained.
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08306936A GB2136347B (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1983-03-14 | Forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| JP59501206A JPS60500855A (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Method and apparatus for forming a tubular article made of a heat-deformable polymeric material having a closed end |
| DE8484901203T DE3465925D1 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Methods and apparatus for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| EP84901203A EP0138897B1 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Methods and apparatus for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| AT84901203T ATE29423T1 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING CLOSED-END TUBULAR ARTICLES FROM A HEAT-FORMABLE POLYMER MATERIAL. |
| PCT/GB1984/000078 WO1984003657A1 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Methods and apparatus for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| IT8420027A IT1213149B (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | METHODS AND EQUIPMENT FOR FORMING TUBULAR ITEMS CLOSED AT AN END, IN THERMALLY FORMABLE POLYMER MATERIAL. |
| IE618/84A IE55019B1 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Method and apparatus for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| AU26950/84A AU561760B2 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Methods and apparatus for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| US06/672,249 US4632799A (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | Methods for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
| IN159/MAS/84A IN160315B (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-13 | |
| CA000449548A CA1221217A (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-03-14 | Method and apparatus for forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08306936A GB2136347B (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1983-03-14 | Forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8306936D0 GB8306936D0 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
| GB2136347A true GB2136347A (en) | 1984-09-19 |
| GB2136347B GB2136347B (en) | 1986-09-17 |
Family
ID=10539507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08306936A Expired GB2136347B (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1983-03-14 | Forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4632799A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0138897B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60500855A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU561760B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1221217A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3465925D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2136347B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE55019B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN160315B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1213149B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1984003657A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1795329A1 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-13 | Huel-Rong Huang | Method and apparatus for making molded elastomer |
| US20070126151A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-07 | Huei-Rong Huang | Method and apparatus for making molded elastomer |
| AT525673B1 (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-06-15 | Florian Bamberger | Process for making thermoformed plastic parts from polyethylene terephthalate |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2911681A (en) * | 1956-07-19 | 1959-11-10 | Jennings Machine Corp | Containers and methods of making them |
| US3586748A (en) * | 1966-08-24 | 1971-06-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Container forming method |
| US3757718A (en) * | 1966-12-13 | 1973-09-11 | Shell Oil Co | Method for forming hollow articles of work-stengthenable plastic materials |
| JPS56164817A (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1981-12-18 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Production of thin-walled cup-shaped container |
| JPS5770609A (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-05-01 | Unitika Ltd | Press forming of fusion-bonded net |
| US4358492A (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-11-09 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Novel process for deep stretch forming of polyesters |
| US4388356A (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-06-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Heat setting a thermoformed PET article utilizing a male plug as a constraint |
-
1983
- 1983-03-14 GB GB08306936A patent/GB2136347B/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-03-13 JP JP59501206A patent/JPS60500855A/en active Pending
- 1984-03-13 IT IT8420027A patent/IT1213149B/en active
- 1984-03-13 IN IN159/MAS/84A patent/IN160315B/en unknown
- 1984-03-13 AU AU26950/84A patent/AU561760B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-03-13 DE DE8484901203T patent/DE3465925D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-13 US US06/672,249 patent/US4632799A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-03-13 IE IE618/84A patent/IE55019B1/en unknown
- 1984-03-13 WO PCT/GB1984/000078 patent/WO1984003657A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-03-13 EP EP84901203A patent/EP0138897B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-14 CA CA000449548A patent/CA1221217A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2695084A (en) | 1984-10-09 |
| DE3465925D1 (en) | 1987-10-15 |
| CA1221217A (en) | 1987-05-05 |
| EP0138897A1 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
| WO1984003657A1 (en) | 1984-09-27 |
| JPS60500855A (en) | 1985-06-06 |
| IE840618L (en) | 1984-09-14 |
| IT1213149B (en) | 1989-12-14 |
| US4632799A (en) | 1986-12-30 |
| AU561760B2 (en) | 1987-05-14 |
| GB2136347B (en) | 1986-09-17 |
| IN160315B (en) | 1987-07-04 |
| IE55019B1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
| IT8420027A0 (en) | 1984-03-13 |
| EP0138897B1 (en) | 1987-09-09 |
| GB8306936D0 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0010847B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for thermoforming thermoplastic foam articles | |
| US3509252A (en) | Method of manufacturing from an open ended plastic tube a plastic tube having a bottom | |
| JPH0124056B2 (en) | ||
| HK45788A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing a container of thermoplastic material | |
| US4108347A (en) | One piece foam cup | |
| US4115494A (en) | Method for controlled processing of blown plastic articles | |
| JPS62501138A (en) | Hollow container molding method and molding device | |
| US4619806A (en) | Method of forming highly oriented thermoplastic articles | |
| US4480979A (en) | Stretch forming hollow articles | |
| US3487139A (en) | Method of forming plastic articles | |
| JPH0323325B2 (en) | ||
| US3939239A (en) | Method of making lined articles | |
| EP0579737B1 (en) | Manufacture of shaped products of biaxially oriented polymeric material | |
| US3300559A (en) | Method for forming plastic tube bottoms | |
| GB2136347A (en) | Forming tubular closed-ended articles of thermoformable polymer material | |
| US4059380A (en) | Deep-draw thermoforming of thermoplastic sheet | |
| US4242300A (en) | Method for processing parisons | |
| US3466908A (en) | Apparatus for forming hollow articles | |
| US4039271A (en) | Contoured assist plug for thermoforming oriented articles | |
| JP2948865B2 (en) | Injection stretch blow molding method | |
| GB2052365A (en) | Drawn element of thermoplastic material | |
| JPS6316251B2 (en) | ||
| GB2051636A (en) | Moulding super-plastic metals | |
| JPH07314538A (en) | Method for producing blow-molded product with excellent surface smoothness | |
| JPH06238742A (en) | Injection stretching blow molding method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |