GB212864A - Manufacture of cellulose solution - Google Patents

Manufacture of cellulose solution

Info

Publication number
GB212864A
GB212864A GB14571/23A GB1457123A GB212864A GB 212864 A GB212864 A GB 212864A GB 14571/23 A GB14571/23 A GB 14571/23A GB 1457123 A GB1457123 A GB 1457123A GB 212864 A GB212864 A GB 212864A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cellulose
solution
per cent
solutions
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB14571/23A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB212864A publication Critical patent/GB212864A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B1/00Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
    • C08B1/08Alkali cellulose

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

Solutions of cellulose are prepared by treating a body of the cellulosic class with aqueous alkali solution while maintaining a temperature not substantially exceeding 5 DEG C., and preferably at 0 DEG to -25 DEG C. or even lower, for such a time only, that the solution obtained will not substantially gelatinize when brought to room temperature, or will gelatinize at room temperature and again become liquid when cooled. By the use of low temperatures solutions of cellulose in alkalies are obtained without degradation of the cellulose molecule; in fact, if in the parent material the cellulose has been degraded by a preliminary treatment, it is found that such degradation is largely neutralized by subsequent solution under the conditions above specified. As parent materials the following may be instanced:-bleached or unbleached cellulose of every kind; every kind of matter containing cellulose; conversion products obtained by comminuting cellulose in the presence of water; conversion products obtained by treatment with oxidizing or reducing bleaching agents, or by heating cellulose either alone or in the presence of water, glycerine, etc.; the conversion products obtained by treatment with hot or cold alkali lyes with or without subsequent washing, treatment with acid, and bleaching agents; the cellulose products separated from cellulose solutions whether these be in ammoniacal-copper or zinc chloride solutions, or strong mineral acids such as sulphuric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, arsenic &c. acids, or raw or purified viscose solution; cellulose conversion products obtained by treating cellulose, hydrocelluloses, cellulose hydrates, &c. with solvents, but not to the point of dissolution; hydrocelluloses obtained by treating cellulose with dilute acids, or by drying in the presence of acids, or by treating with strong sulphuric acid of 50 DEG B<\>ae, gaseous hydrochloric acid, or chlorine; denitrated cellulose nitrate, and saponified cellulose acetate, formate, etc.; oxycelluloses; the partly-alkylated products soluble in alkali obtained according to the process described in Specification 177,810; and waste viscoses. The cellulosic material and the alkali may be mixed at the low temperature, or at room temperature or above and cooled subsequently. The cooling may be continued until freezing or crystallization occurs; in some cases such freezing &c. is advantageous. It is advisable, during the cooling period, to keep the mass in movement. As regards the strength of the alkali solution, it is found that a concentration as low as 2 per cent is sufficient to produce incipient solution, a concentration of 3 per cent exhibits an advanced degree of solution, which is maintained for increasing concentrations to 16 per cent and higher; it is preferred, however, to use concentration between 4 and 10 per cent. The temperature to be employed depends on the strength of the alkali solution and on the character of the parent material, in the sense that solution is obtained at higher temperatures with greater concentrations of alkali and according as the cellulose has suffered greater degradation; thus, for instance, mercerized sulphate-cellulose that has been pressed, comminuted, washed, and treated with dilute acid, is found to dissolve in soda lye of 4 per cent strength at 9 DEG to 11 DEG C., of 8 per cent strength at 8 DEG to 9 DEG C., and in 10 per cent lye at 5 DEG to 7 DEG C.; if, however, the parent materials have suffered greater degradation as by the recovery from cellulose solutions, then 10 per cent lye will effect solution at 0 DEG to 5 DEG C. To ensure useful technical results it is in many cases necessary to cool further after complete solution has apparently taken place. It may therefore be stated as a general rule guiding temperature, that perfect results are obtained readily at temperatures between 5 DEG and 15 DEG C. Lower temperatures are unnecessary, but entail no deleterious consequences. Cooling if unduly prolonged is likely to lead to a thickening of the solution, which becomes gelatinous and muddy. The solutions may be worked up into technical products either in the cold or at room temperature. They can be precipitated by salts, acids, alcohols, &c., or they may be coagulated by heat. Their stability at room temperature depends on the content of cellulose and the strength of the lye, the temperature to which they were subjected during the cooling operation, but especially the duration of the cooltreatment; many are very durable, while of the others, some give irreversible jellies and some reversible jellies, that is, they liquefy on cooling. The solutions may be used in the manufacture of artificial silk, cotton, hair, etc., films, plastic masses, coatings, dressings, fillings, and sizes, book-cloth, and artificial leather; the coagulated masses may be used in the manufacture of cellulose esters &c. The Specification contains a large number of detailed examples. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) is not limited as regards the duration of the low-temperature treatment; and it also includes the plastic and gelatinous transition products passed through before complete solution is attained, and also the jellies into which the solution is converted, for instance, by too long exposure to the low temperature, which products are suitable as dressings or fillings, as substitutes for parchment paper and vulcanized paper and as binding agents. Specification 17501/02 is also referred to. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
GB14571/23A 1923-03-15 1923-06-02 Manufacture of cellulose solution Expired GB212864A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT212864X 1923-03-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB212864A true GB212864A (en) 1924-10-02

Family

ID=3669716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB14571/23A Expired GB212864A (en) 1923-03-15 1923-06-02 Manufacture of cellulose solution

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB212864A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482042A (en) * 1945-03-21 1949-09-13 Montclair Res Corp Oxycellulose products, their manufacture and utilization

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482042A (en) * 1945-03-21 1949-09-13 Montclair Res Corp Oxycellulose products, their manufacture and utilization

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