GB2120725A - Detecting combustion in i.c. engine pre-combustion chambers - Google Patents
Detecting combustion in i.c. engine pre-combustion chambers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2120725A GB2120725A GB08309204A GB8309204A GB2120725A GB 2120725 A GB2120725 A GB 2120725A GB 08309204 A GB08309204 A GB 08309204A GB 8309204 A GB8309204 A GB 8309204A GB 2120725 A GB2120725 A GB 2120725A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- probe
- cylinder head
- gasket
- combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- MOVRNJGDXREIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N aid-1 Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)CO)C(O)C1 MOVRNJGDXREIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
- F02B77/085—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
- F02D41/34—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/345—Controlling injection timing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A conductive probe 18 extends into the pre-combustion chamber transfer passage 13, the probe being mounted in electrically insulated relationship within an aperture 19 extending from the passage to the face of the cylinder head 10 presented to the cylinder block. A gasket 16 is located between the head and the block and incorporates in insulated relationship a conductor 20 which terminates at the probe 18 and its outer end in a terminal 22 for connection in use to an electrical circuit which detects ionization of the gases flowing in the passage and hence the start of combustion of fuel in the combustion space. The signal can be used to control the timing of fuel delivery to the combustion chamber. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Engine system
This invention relates to an engine system including a compression ignition engine of the type having pre-combustion chambers located in the cylinder head of engine and connected to the respective engine cylinders by passages respectively, injection nozzles located in the cylinder head for supplying fuel to the combustion chambers respectively and a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the injection nozzles in timed relationship with the rotation of the rotary parts of the engine.
In order to obtain satisfactory operation of the engine it is desirable to be able to detect the instant of ignition of fuel in the combustion chamber so that the timing of fuel delivery to the combustion chamber can be adjusted to the optimum value. In an engine of the kind specified when combustion of fuel starts in a combustion chamber, hot gases flow along the associated passage into the cylinder and as is well known, the hot gases are electrically charged.
It is known to mount a probe in a combustion chamber of an engine to detect the initiation of combustion but such probes as are known, are mounted on a body which has to be screwed or otherwise retained in a bore in the cyclinder head of the engine. A number of other essential components have to be mounted in the cylinder head such for example as the fuel injection nozzle, the inlet and exhaust valves, the valve operating mechanism and possibly a starting aid for assisting the starting of the engine. It is also necessary to provide coolant passages within the cylinder head and there is therefore very little space available for probes of the aforesaid kind.
The object of the present invention is to provide an engine system of the kind specified in a simple and convenient form.
According to the invention an engine system of the kind specified includes a cylinder head gasket interposed between the cylinder head and the cylinder block of the engine, an aperture formed in the face of the cylinder head which contacts the gasket, said aperture opening into the passage associated with one of the combustion chambers, a probe mounted in electrically insulated relationship in said aperture, said probe having one end extending into said passage and its other end fashioned to provide a terminal, and an electrical conductor mounted in electrically insulated relationship in the gasket, said conductor extending at one end to an outer edge of the gasket and at its other end being exposed for connection to said other end of the probe.
An example of an engine system will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic section side elevation through the cylinder head of an engine; and
Figure 2 is an inverted plan view of a gasket but showing in outline, the position of parts of the cylinder head of the engine.
Referring to the drawings, an engine system includes a compression ignition engine having a cylinder block (not shown) and a cylinder head 10 mounted on the cylinder block and secured thereto in conventional manner as by studs (not shown).
In the cylinder block are formed cylinders which accommodate the pistons respectively of the engine and the engine is of the socalled pre-combustion chamber type so that there is defined in the cylinder head a plurality of combustion chambers 11. Conveniently the combustion chambers are of generally cylindrical form and are in part defined by inserts 22 respectively which are secured in position in the cylinder head. Each insert defines a passage 1 3 which communicates with the associated cylinder.
Mounted in the cylinder head is a fuel injection nozzle which is indicated at 14 and which in use, directs fuel into the combustion chamber in the form of a spray. The fuel is ignited towards the end of the compression stroke of the engine by the fact that the air in the combustion chamber 11 is at a high temperature and the expanding heated gases flow through the passage 1 3 to act upon the piston. The combustion chamber may also accommodate a starting aid 1 5 which is provided to assist the starting of the engine when the engine is cold.
As is conventional practice, there is interposed between the presented faces of the cylinder head and the cylinder block, a gasket 16. The gasket includes a sealing ring indicated at 17, and which serves to provide a gas tight seal between the cylinder head and the cylinder block and around the cylinder.
The gasket may also provide other seals for example around water and oil passages passing between the cylinder head and the cylinder block.
A probe which detects charged particles is used to detect the start of combustion of fuel in the precombustion chamber and the probe is in the form of a length of electrically conductive material indicated at 1 8. One end of the probe projects into the passage 1 3 while the other end of the probe is exposed upon the face of the cylinder head which is presented to the cylinder block. The probe 1 8 is mounted in electrically insulated relationship within an aperture 1 9 which is formed in the insert and the probe and the electric insulating material which supports it within the aperture 19, are formed from materials which are able to resist the high temperatures and pressures to which they will be subjected when the engine is in use. The electrical connection between the probe and external
circuits which control the supply of fuel to the
injection nozzles 14, is effected by means of a conductor 20 which is embedded in the material forming the gasket 16. This material
may be an asbestos based material. The conductor defines an enlarged portion 21 at one
end for contact with the probe when the cylinder head is secured to the cylinder block.
The conductor extends to an edge of the gasket and may be formed into a terminal
blade 22 or has such a blade or some other form of connector electrically connected thereto.
When combustion of fuel starts the heated gases which pass along the passage are charged and a signal indicative of the fact that the gases are charged can be obtained from the probe.
Claims (3)
1. An engine system including a compression ignition engine of the type having precombustion chambers located in the cylinder head of the engine and connected to the respective engine cylinders by passages respectively, injection nozzles located in the cylinder head for supplying fuel to the combustion chambers respectively, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the injection nozzles in timed relationship with the rotation of the rotary parts of the engine, a cylinder head gasket interposed between the cylinder head and the cylinder block of the engine, an aperture formed in the face of the cylinder head which contacts the gasket, said aperture opening into the passage associated with one of the combustion chambers, a probe -mounted in electrically insulated relationship in said aperture, said probe having one end extending into said passage and its other end fashioned to provide a terminal, and an electrical conductor mounted in electrically insulated relationship in the gasket, said conductor extending at one end to an outer edge of the gasket and at its other end being exposed for connection to said other end of the probe.
2. An engine system according to Claim 1 including insulating material supporting the probe within said aperture.
3. An engine system comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08309204A GB2120725B (en) | 1982-05-15 | 1983-04-05 | Detecting combustion in i c engine pre-combustion chambers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8214229 | 1982-05-15 | ||
| GB08309204A GB2120725B (en) | 1982-05-15 | 1983-04-05 | Detecting combustion in i c engine pre-combustion chambers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2120725A true GB2120725A (en) | 1983-12-07 |
| GB2120725B GB2120725B (en) | 1985-07-24 |
Family
ID=26282849
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08309204A Expired GB2120725B (en) | 1982-05-15 | 1983-04-05 | Detecting combustion in i c engine pre-combustion chambers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2120725B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2211244A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-06-28 | Ford Motor Co | I.c. engine combustion chamber ionisation sensor |
| CN110284991A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of natural gas engine structure and its burning tissues method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB774948A (en) * | 1954-07-20 | 1957-05-15 | List Hans | Improvements in and relating to turbulence or precombustion chambers of internal combustion engines |
-
1983
- 1983-04-05 GB GB08309204A patent/GB2120725B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB774948A (en) * | 1954-07-20 | 1957-05-15 | List Hans | Improvements in and relating to turbulence or precombustion chambers of internal combustion engines |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2211244A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-06-28 | Ford Motor Co | I.c. engine combustion chamber ionisation sensor |
| CN110284991A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of natural gas engine structure and its burning tissues method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2120725B (en) | 1985-07-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |