GB2108711A - Apparatus for the proportional transfer of a variable sector of one image to an image of smaller format - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus is described, with the aid of which the sector of a negative corresponding to a particular sector of a photograph can be accurately located. For this purpose, four sliders (3-6) are provided on a base plate (8) on which zones (9, 10) are provided for the photograph and for the negative; the sliders are disposed above the photograph and above the negative. These sliders have openings (11-17) which are disposed such that when one edge of the opening is displaced over the photograph, another edge also moves over the negative. The two edges form an angle with one another such that the displacement is effected proportionally, the photograph and the negative also being disposed at this angle on the base plate. As the opening sizes are adjusted in the same ratio when the area of the photograph required for reproduction is framed, the corresponding area of the negative appears in the second opening and can be marked. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Apparatus for the proportional transfer of a variable sector of one image to an image of smaller format The invention relates to an apparatus for the transferring in proportion the relative dimension of a sector or segment of a first image to a second image of smaller format. In particular, of a sector or segment is marked on an enlargement of a photograph (9 xl 3.5 cm in format, for instance), the same sector or segment can be indicated on the much smaller negative (which is 24x36 mm, for instance) in the same relative proportion to the image. It then can be easily and accurately marked on the negative as well and subsequently more simply processed in the laboratory in accordance to the wishes of the customer.

The procedure has heretofore been such that, after the position of the sector on a photograph had been marked, such sector had to be marked on the negative as well without artificial aids as to the proportional reduction from the original size to the size of the sector. This "transfer" of the sector on the full image of the photograph to the much smaller negative, which requires a proportional reduction of the side lengths of the sector, has been extremely imprecise, especially since the person assigned to this task in the laboratory in accordance with the marking on the original photograph as no direct communication with the person who originally selected the sector of the original photograph, which he wanted to have used now.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide the state-of-the-art with an apparatus which avoids the imprecision noted above.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a means, with which a negative can easily be marked for further processing such that only a particular sector will be used, which sector has only been indicated on a full photograph copy of larger dimensions. Thus, such means could be considered to provide the transfer of the location and relative dimensions of a sector on a first image to a second image of smaller size with the result that the sides of such sector are proportionally reduced and accurately located on the smaller size image.

The object is attained in accordance with the invention by the disposition of zones of the images on a base plate such that one horizontal edge of the zone for a first image and one vertical edge of the zone for a second image form with one another an angle which determines the ratio between the formats. Sliders are furthermore provided on the base plate, two of which are displaceable in the horizontal direction and two of which are displaceable in the vertical direction; each slider has a first and a second edge, which together form an angle equal to 900 minus the above-mentioned angle formed by the edges of the zones. The edges of the sliders are disposed relative to these zones such that when one slider is displaced, the first edge moves over the first image and the second edge moves over the second image.

The invention thus provides a simple apparatus in which a photograph, for example, is placed on the zone intended for the first image and the negative, for example, perhaps in a transparent cover, is placed on the zone intended for the second image. If the adjustment sliders are then displaced such that their "first" edges define the desired one limit of the sector of the photograph, then the associated "second" edges move in such a manner that they define the same sector on a reduced scale on the negative. The ratio of sides of the sector are maintained in proportion to the ratio between the formats. Once the desired sector has been specified on the negative, or on the transparent cover around it, with some sort of marker, a new enlargement can be made using only the marked sector on the negative. The correct information is thus clearly specified to the laboratory.

The invention is furthermore usable anywhere in the graphics field or in advertising where specific details in one format are to be copied in matching fashion onto some other format.

The sliders themselves may be of cardboard with a cutout made by stamping; transparent plastic having an opaque overprint and cutout image details; plastic of opaque material having stamped-out openings; or plastic or metal having edges formed by pivotable strips.

Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and will be described in greater detail below.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a plan view on a first exemplary embodiment; Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line Il-Il; Fig. 3 shows the detail marked Ill in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section taken along the line IV--IV; Figs. 5a and 5b show the two sliders 3 and 4; Figs. 6a and 6b show the two sliders 3 and 4 above one another in two different positions; Figs. 8a and 8b show the sliders 5 and 6 above one another in various positions; Fig. 9 is an illustration intended for explaining the geometrical relationship; and Fig. 10 shows in top view the principle of a second exemplary embodiment: The apparatus shown in Figs. 1-3 comprises two guides 1 and 2, in which sliders 3 and 4 and sliders 5 and 6, respectively, are disposed.These guides 1 and 2 form rectangular frames, each of which at two opposing sides are provided with slots through which the sliders 3, 4, 5, 6 respectively can be displaced in order to vary their relative position to each other. The frame formed by guides 1 is positioned on top of the frame formed by guides 2 in the manner indicated in Figs. 1-3, i.e. the slots formed in the frame provided by guides 1 are on the top and bottom sides of Fig. 1 and the slots formed in the frame provided by guides 2 are to the left and to the right in Fig. 1.The sliders 3-6 are provided with handling strips 3'-6' with which they can be displaced; the sliders 3 and 4 can be displaced horizontally relative to one another, while the sliders 5 and 6 can be displaced vertically relative to one another. "Horizontal" and "vertical" relate to the directions as shown in the drawings. A composite structure 50 is thus provided by the frame forming guides 1 and 2, and is pivoted to the base plate 8 with the aid of a joint 7, so that it can be opened up like a book.

A photograph 20 and the associated negative 21 are placed between the composite 50 and the base plate 8. They rest on associated zones 9 and 10, respectively, of the base plate. The guides 1 and 2 and the sliders 3-6 have cutouts which, when the sliders are in the position shown in Fig.

1, leave the zones 9 and 10 open. The cutouts may be created by embodying the sliders of printed transparent material, in which the cutouts are formed during printing. However, the sliders may also be embodied of non-transparent material and the cutouts formed by openings (see Figs. 5, 7). The cutouts or openings shown in Figs.

4 have the zone designations 9 and 10 for the sake of simplicity.

Figs. 5a and 5b, 7a and 7b show the sliders 3-6 with openings 11-17. The openings 11- 17 are positioned and related such that in the position shown in Fig. 1, in which the adjusting sliders are inserted fully into the guides 1 and 2, they leave the zones 9 and 10 open. The left edge 12' of the opening 12 (in the slider 3) then coincides with the edge 101 of the zones 10, and the lower edge 122 and the upper edge 1 2s coincide, respectively with the lower edge 102 and the upper edge 103 of zone 10.

The lower rectangular zone of the opening 13 (in the slider 4) coincides with zone 9, with the upper edge 133 coinciding with the upper edge 103 of zone 10.

The openings 14 and 1 6 coincide with zone 9.

The left edge 1 51 of the opening 15 (in the slider 5) furthermore coincides with the edge 10' of zone 10. The edge 174 of the opening 17 (in the slider 6) coincides with the rim 104.

In Fig. 6a, the two sliders 3 and 4 are located in the position shown in Fig. 1, one above the other (without the guides 1, 2). Of the slider 4 located below it, only the edge 134 is seen. This edge, together with the opening 12, forms the zone 10.

Fig. 6b shows the adjusting slides 3 and 4 displaced relative to one another. The left edge 131 of the opening 13 (in the slider 4) now moves into the opening 11 (in the slider 3). As a result, the length of the segment is shortened to a' as compared to the length as shown in Fig. 6a. In like manner, the rim 133 of the opening 13 (in the slider 4) becomes visible inside the opening 12 (in the slider 3), so that the height of the detail is reduced to b' as compared to b in Fig. 6a. The following ratios apply in this variation of the cutouts: a:a'=b:b'.

In Figs. 8a and 8b, the same results are attained in terms of the variation of the height g of the image to the height g' of the detail A, or of the height h of the image to h' of the detail B. The following ratios apply: g:g'=h:h' .

It must now be assumed that in the assembled apparatus, the sliders 3-6 of Figs. 5-8 are located above one another. If Fig. 6b and Fig. 8b, for example, are superimposed on one another, then the detail defined by a' and h' is obtained for zone 9, and the detail defined by g' and h' is obtained for zone 10. This detail then also becomes visible in the openings of the guides 1, 2, respectively.

In order to clarify the geometrical relationships, Fig. 9 is provided, corresponding with Fig. 5b and showing the opening 13 of the slider 4. From this drawing, the following can be determined: b -=sin a a Accordingly a=arc sin (b/a) The length a is the length of the format of zone 9; b is the length of the format 10. A reduction of a to zero represents a reduction of b to zero. The same is true for the values g and h.

Furthermore, =90Oa. This is the angle between the two edges of one slider which at the same time define the details on both the larger and the smaller images. Thus in Fig. 9 the edges 131 and 133 form the angle P, while the angle cr is formed in Fig. 1 between the horizontal edge 9' of zone 9 and the vertical edge 103 Of zone 10.

Again, "horizontal" and "vertical" relate to the directions as shown in the drawing.

It is thus particularly simple to transfer image details from one format 20 to another format 21.

Fig. 10 shows a second exemplary embodiment.

Guide rods 200 and 300 are disposed on the base plate 8 with the aid of posts 106, 107 and 108.

On these guide rods 200, 300 there are provided the sleevelike slidable elements 211-214, which can be displaced along the rods 200, 300.

The elements or sleeves 211 to 214 carry further rods 101-104, which correspond to some of the edges in the first embodiment and can be moved to and away from each other in order to vary the size of zone 219 between rods 101-104, which corresponds to zone 9 in the first embodiment.

Connected by joints 121-124 to rods 103 and 104 and to the portions 101 a and 102a, which are rectangularly bent upwards from rods 101 and 102, are further rods 131-134, which between them form a zone 220, corresponding to the zone 10 in the first embodiment and varying in size proportional with any variation of zone 219 upon movement of any of rods 101-104. In order to increase the variability, an adjusting mechanism 46 may be provided on the upwardly bent portion 101a of rod 101. The angle cg can be varied by pivoting rods 133, 134 around pivots 121,122; rods 131,132 they also must be pivoted around pivots 123, 124 in order to be rectangular to rods 133, 134 and mechanism 46 will be used to adjust the distance between rods 131,132, while distance between rods 133 and 1 34 is varied by change of a.

Claims (7)

Claims

1. An apparatus for the proportional transfer of a variable sector of a first image to a second image having a format which is smaller than that of the first image, comprising: a base plate on which zones for each image are disposed, such that one horizontal edge of the zone for one of the images and one vertical edge of the zone for the other image form an angle (a) between them which determines a dimensional ratio for the images;; a plurality of sliders disposed on the base plate, two of which are displaceable in the horizontal direction and two of which are displaceable in the vertical direction, each slider having a first edge and a second edge which together form an angle (p) with one another which is equal to 900-(a), and sliders being disposed relative to said zone such that upon the displacement of one slider, each first edge thereof moves over the first image and each second edge thereof moves over the second image.

2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein both images have a rectangular format.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the edges are formed by cutouts in the respective sliders, and wherein the images are visible by appropriate alignment of the cutouts.

4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising: a plurality of guides disposed one above the other, wherein said sliders are embodied as cardboard plates guided in said guides, said guides being pivotably mounted on the base plate, and including cutouts through which said zones are visible.

5. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising: a plurality of guides disposed one above the other, wherein sliders are embodied as plastic plates guided in said guides, said guides being pivotably mounted on the base plate, and including cutouts through which said zones are visible.

6. The apparatus as defined in claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, further comprising: a foil having a smooth, soft surface, said foil serving to cover said base plate.

7. Apparatus of the proportional transfer of a variable sector of a first image to a second image, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in a) Figure 1-9 b) Figure 10 of the drawings.