GB2103342A - A high-efficiency boiler without a blower - Google Patents
A high-efficiency boiler without a blower Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2103342A GB2103342A GB08215689A GB8215689A GB2103342A GB 2103342 A GB2103342 A GB 2103342A GB 08215689 A GB08215689 A GB 08215689A GB 8215689 A GB8215689 A GB 8215689A GB 2103342 A GB2103342 A GB 2103342A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- hot
- heat exchanger
- burner
- gas column
- boiler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/38—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
A high-efficiency boiler with a burner 2, a heat exchanger 3 and means for supplying air and discharging flue gases. According to the invention the supply and discharge means form a closed system and comprise a hot-gas column directly linking up with the burner, and of which the thermal draught generated with it can overcome at least the resistance across the heat exchanger. By virtue of this construction the boiler can be operated without the need of a blower for aiding the discharge of the flue gases.
Description
SPECIFICATION
High-efficiency boiler without a blower
This invention relates to a high-efficiency boiler with a capacity of up to approximately 35kW, and comprising a burner, a heat exchanger, and means for supplying air and discharge flue gases.
In the case of gas-fired boilers, a high-efficiency boiler means one whose measured efficiency in use is at least 88%, calculated on the gross calorific value, unlike normal boiers, in which this efficiency is in the order of 70-75%. One result of the high efficiency however, is that the temperature of the flue gases decreases to such an extent that a high-efficiency boiler requires particular measures, as compared with a normal boiler, to ensure that the flue gases are properly discharged. In a normal boiler connected to a flue, the draught generated therein can be used for overcoming the resistance across the heat exchanger, and owing to the relatively high temperature of the flue gases discharged, sufficient draught can be generated in the flue.Boiler draught and chimney draught are often separated from each other by a damper, which in boilers which draw their air from the space where they are installed is a requirement. In prior high-efficiency boilers, however, in which owing to an enlarged heat exchange surface area more heat is withdrawn from the flue gases, which often results in an increased resistance and a decreased flue gas temperature, the draught generated in the chimney is insufficient. For that reason prior high-efficiency boilers, in which the heat exchanger often consists of two heat exchanger portions placed substantially in side-by-side relationship and interconnected by a curved flue section, are fitted with a blower in the air/flue gas system. The incorporation of a blower in the system, however, is accompanied with some disadvantages.
In addition to the circumstance that the use of a blower means that extra - electrical - energy must be supplied, additional regulations and safety devices are needed, which tend to raise the cost, and in addition involve an increased chance of failure.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-efficiency boiler in which the discharge of the flue gases can be realized in a reliable manner without the need of using a blower; and hence with elimination of the disadvantages connected with a blower.
In a high-efficiency boiler of the kind defined in the opening paragraph of this specification, this object is achieved according to the present invention, by virtue of the fact that the supply and discharge means form a closed system and comprise a hot-gas column, directly linking up with the burner, and of which the thermal draught generated with it can overcome at least the resistance across the heat exchanger, and there being provided means for limiting heat emission by the hot-gas column. Owing to these features, a relatively large thermal motor in the form of a hot-gas column is created in the high-efficiency boiler, while the use of a closed system for supply and discharge - that is to say, inlet and outlet are disposed in proximity to each other outside the space where the boiler is installed, i.e.
often in the outer air, while no damper is provided between the heat exchanger and the flue - creates such supplementary conditions that flue gas discharge is ensured without external aids with the disadvantages inherent therein. It is surprisingly found, therefore, that the effect referred to can also be realized in a high-efficiency boiler, and this by using purely natural phenomena in an optimum manner. A particularly advantageous effect produced by the closed system, also referred to as a balanced-flue system, is that any variations in pressure difference in the air/flue gas system are eliminated, so that the operation of the hot-gas column cannot be influenced by such vibrations in pressure differential.
Owing to the provisions for limiting the emission of heat by the hot-gas column, the operation of the thermal motor is optimized. This is in contrast to prior boilers, in which means for deliberately withdrawing heat are often provided in the wall portion of the boiler above the burner, albeit, of course, with the object of utilizing such heat in an effective manner, for example, for warming-up the heat transporting medium in modern, so-called "wet-foot" boilers. Accordingly, in order to arrive at the present, inventive system for a high-efficiency boiler, it is necessary to break with this principle, which is often used nowadays, and which by itself is advantageous, it is true, but in the high-efficiency boiler may destroy the natural discharge of the flue gases.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the high-efficiency boiler is adapted to be operated using gas as a fuel, and the boiler is characterized by a comparatively mildly decreasing temperature gradient in said hot-gas column over a height depending on its capacity, and ranging from approximately 20 cm or more at a maximum boiler capacity of 8kW to approximately 35 cm or more at a maximum boiler capacity of 35 kW. By virtue of this arrangement, it is possible to produce a high-efficiency boiler which as regards its dimensions in the vertical direction hardly differs from prior boilers. This is in particular the case if, in acco%dance with a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the direction of flow in the supply and discharge of air and flue gases is substantially vertical, as in this way the flow resistance, and hence the hot-gas column can be minimized.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the design of the highefficiency boiler is considerably improved if the hot-gas column has a jacket of such construction that the sum of the heat emission from radiation and from convection is in the minimum range, owing to the fact that heat transferred to the jacket is then already minimized in the design. The transfer of heat by the hot-gas column can be improved still further if the jacket of the hot-gas column comprises an insulator or a poor conductor.
If, as is conventional in prior boilers, at least a portion of the heat exchanger is placed substantially vertically above the burner, the dimensions of the high-efficiency boiler according to the invention can be minimized, with an optimum effect, if the hot-gas column, which is bounded at the bottom end by the burner, is bounded at the top end by said heat exchanger.
Within the framework of the present invention it is also possible for the high-efficiency boiler to be designed so that the heat exchanger consist of a substantially vertically extending, double-walled tube of suitable cross-sectional configuration, with the burner being disposed at the bottom end of said tube.
Two embodiments of the high-efficiency boiler according to the invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying, highly diagrammatic drawings.
In said drawings:
Figure I shows a first embodiment; and
Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a highefficiency boiler according to the present invention.
Figure 1 shows a gas-fired high-efficiency boiler 1, comprising a burner 2, a heat exchanger 3, and a superjacent flue gas collecting space 4 terminating in a flue 5. Provided between burner2 and heat exchanger 3, which comprises a water inlet pipe 6 and a water outlet pipe 7, is a space 8 having a height whose dimension is sufficient to form a thermal motor in the form of a hot-gas column according to the invention, depending on the capacity of boiler 1.
Forthis purpose, such height should be approximately 20 cm or more in a small boiler having a maximum capacity of approximately 8kW, and approximately 35 cm or more in a large boiler having a maximum capacity of approximately 35kW.
In this hot-gas column, the temperature adjacent burner 2 is highest, which temperature decreases exponentially if the hot-gas column is hardly, if at all, disturbed. As the capacity of the thermal motor is determined by the temperature and the height of the hot-gas column, the temperature decrease in the column, and hence the emission of heat by the column should be minimized. This can be achieved by constructing the boiler jacket in the vicinity of the hot-gas column, depending on the burner used, in such a manner that the sum of the heat transfer by radiation and by convection is in the minimum range, taking account of the decrease in heat transfer by convection and the increase of that by radiation when the boiler walls are set apart, which manner of minimization of the added heat transfer need not exclude the use of a water jacket.In addition it is naturally also possible for the boiler jacket to be equipped with an insulator or a poor conductor.
Furthermore, the boiler 1 is provided with a closed supply and discharge system for air and flue gases.
For this purpose an air supply line 9 is provided, which has its inlet in the vicinity of the outlet of the flue 5, which normally terminates in the atmosphere, and both of which ducts extend through an envelope from the space within which boiler 1 is installed.
Owing to this disposition of the air supply line 9,
boiler 1 is fully sealed from the space within which it
is placed. Such a construction is known by the name
of "balanced4lue system", which in cooperation with the thermal motor makes it possible to ensure the
proper discharge of the flue gases in a high
efficiency boiler, without having to resort to extra
aids, such as a blower. As the "balanced-fiue system" eliminates variations in pressure differential between supply and discharge, a damper, which is required in open systems, may be omitted. As a consequence, the hot-gas column operating as a thermal motor is capabie of supplying sufficient draught for an adequate supply and discharge of air and flue gases, and thus ensures proper operation of the present system.
Figure 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the boiler according to the invention in the form of a high-efficiency boiler 11 with a burner 12. A heat exchanger 13 is provided in the form of a doublewalled tube forming a narrowing space 14 above burner 12, which is continued in a duct 15 of constant cross-sectional area, comparable to a flue.
A medium such as water flows through the doublewalled tube serving as a heat exchanger 13, which is provided for the purpose with a water supply line 16 and a water discharge line 17. The space 14 and duct 15 may have any shape in order to optimize the transfer of heat between flue gases and water.
Interposed between burner 12 and the narrowing space 14 is a space 18 of constant cross-sectional area and having a heightsufficientto ensure the formation of a thermal motor in the form of a hot-gas column according to the invention, depending on the capacity of boiler 11.
Owing to the particular form of heat exchanger 13, there is, in this embodiment, already such an envelope for the hot-gas column that its heat emission is limited in the desired, favourable manner. Naturally, in this embodiment, too, the boiler jacket may be of such construction that, again, the sum of the heat transfer from radiation and from convection is in the minimum range.
In order that, in this embodiment, too, flue gas discharge is ensured without having to resort two external aids, there is further provided an air supply line 19 having an inlet outside the space where boiler 11 is installed in the vicinity of the outlet of flue 15 to form a closed supply and discharge system. For this purpose air supply line 19 and flue 15, which is concentric relative to it, extend to outside an envelope 20.
Naturally, many modifications and variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention, and the embodiments shown are not intended to limit the present inventive principle in any way. Thus, a water/air heat exchanger is shown in the drawings and described in the specification.
This may naturally be replaced by an air/air heat exchanger.
Claims (8)
1. A high-efficiency boiler with a capacity of up to
approximately 35kW, and comprising a burner, a
heat exchanger, and means for supplying air and
discharging flue gases, characterized in that the
supply and discharge means form a closed system
and comprise a hot-gas column directly linking up with the burner, and of which the thermal draught
generated with it can overcome at least the resist
ance across the heat exchanger, there being provided means for limiting heat emission by the hot-gas column.
2. A high-efficiency boiler according to claim 1, adapted to be operated using gas as a fuel, characterized by a comparatively mildly decreasing temperature gradient in said hot-gas column over a height depending on its capacity, and ranging from approximately 20 cm or more at a maximum boiler capacity of 8kW to approximately 35 cm or more at a maximum boiler capacity of 35kW.
3. A high-efficiency boiler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the direction of flow in the supply and discharge of air and flue gases is substantially vertical.
4. A high-efficiency boiler according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hot-gas column has a jacket of such construction that the sum of the heat emission from radiation and from convection is in the minimum range.
5. A high-efficiency boiler according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in the jacket of the hot-gas column comprises an insulator or a poor conductor.
6. A high-efficiency boiler according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least a portion of the heat exchanger is placed substantially vertically above the burner, characterized in that the hot-gas column, which is bounded at the bottom end by the burner, is bounded at the top end by said heat exchanger.
7. A high-efficiency boiler according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the heat exchanger consists of a substantially vertically extending, double-walled tube of suitable cross-sectional configuration, with the burner being disposed at the bottom end of said tube.
8. A high-efficiency boiler substantially as described herein with reference to and as shown in
Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL8102695A NL8102695A (en) | 1981-06-03 | 1981-06-03 | MAIN EFFICIENCY BOILER WITHOUT FAN. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2103342A true GB2103342A (en) | 1983-02-16 |
GB2103342B GB2103342B (en) | 1985-09-18 |
Family
ID=19837599
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08215689A Expired GB2103342B (en) | 1981-06-03 | 1982-05-28 | High-efficiency boiler without a blower |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5824744A (en) |
AT (1) | ATA211782A (en) |
BE (1) | BE893383A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1217399A (en) |
CH (1) | CH657912A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3220447A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK247482A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2507293B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2103342B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1190849B (en) |
NL (1) | NL8102695A (en) |
SE (1) | SE8203311L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1198018B (en) * | 1986-08-06 | 1988-12-21 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | ACCUMULATION SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GAS HOT WATER FOR DOMESTIC USE |
NL8700641A (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-10-17 | Radson Bv | BOILER ELEMENT. |
EP1933101A3 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2012-09-05 | Vaillant GmbH | Heat exchanger with combustion chamber |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE915979C (en) * | 1943-02-05 | 1954-08-02 | Junkers & Co | Gas water heater |
DE2336298A1 (en) * | 1973-07-17 | 1975-02-06 | Haller Meurer Werke Ag | WATER HEATER |
NL158918B (en) * | 1975-08-12 | 1978-12-15 | Rheem Bv | CENTRAL HEATING BOILER. |
DE3001702A1 (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1981-07-23 | August Brötje GmbH & Co, 2902 Rastede | Gas-fired boiler assembly - has casing and burner inside pot-section with medium between double walls |
-
1981
- 1981-06-03 NL NL8102695A patent/NL8102695A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1982
- 1982-05-28 GB GB08215689A patent/GB2103342B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-05-28 SE SE8203311A patent/SE8203311L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-05-28 CA CA000404012A patent/CA1217399A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-05-29 DE DE19823220447 patent/DE3220447A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-05-31 IT IT21593/82A patent/IT1190849B/en active
- 1982-06-01 AT AT0211782A patent/ATA211782A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-06-02 CH CH3388/82A patent/CH657912A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-06-02 BE BE2/59729A patent/BE893383A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-06-02 DK DK247482A patent/DK247482A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-06-03 FR FR8210082A patent/FR2507293B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-03 JP JP57094143A patent/JPS5824744A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2103342B (en) | 1985-09-18 |
CA1217399A (en) | 1987-02-03 |
NL8102695A (en) | 1983-01-03 |
IT1190849B (en) | 1988-02-24 |
FR2507293A1 (en) | 1982-12-10 |
DK247482A (en) | 1982-12-04 |
SE8203311L (en) | 1982-12-04 |
DE3220447A1 (en) | 1982-12-23 |
BE893383A (en) | 1982-12-02 |
CH657912A5 (en) | 1986-09-30 |
IT8221593A0 (en) | 1982-05-31 |
JPS5824744A (en) | 1983-02-14 |
ATA211782A (en) | 1987-06-15 |
FR2507293B1 (en) | 1986-05-23 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |