GB2102008A - Vulcanizable rubber compound - Google Patents
Vulcanizable rubber compound Download PDFInfo
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- GB2102008A GB2102008A GB08120947A GB8120947A GB2102008A GB 2102008 A GB2102008 A GB 2102008A GB 08120947 A GB08120947 A GB 08120947A GB 8120947 A GB8120947 A GB 8120947A GB 2102008 A GB2102008 A GB 2102008A
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- butadiene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/08—Depolymerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
- C08L23/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
- C08L23/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber ; Homo- or copolymers of other iso-olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A vulcanizable rubber stock with high strength and good vibration-damping properties comprises (1) a diene rubber such as butadiene rubber or butadiene-methyl styrene rubber and (2) an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials and having a molecular weight of 450 to 86000 in an amount of 5 to 68 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the diene rubber. For thermal decomposition to produce the oligomer can be used butylene/butadiene-styrene rubber; butadiene-nitrile rubber; butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber; ethylenepropylene rubber; isobutylene/butadiene-nitrile rubber; isobutylene/ethylene-propylene rubber; butadiene/butadiene-styrene rubber or isoprene rubber.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Vulcanizable rubber compound
The invention reiates to vulcanizable rubber stock and is applicable in the rubber producing industry.
Much attention is given at present to the problem of damping of vibration in various machines and mechanism damping operation. For dumping vibrations use is often made of damping pads made of rubber. However, the strength and vibrationdam ping properties of these rubber pads do not meet current requirements. Therefore, providing new vulcanizable rubber compounds which would allow for production of rubber with high vibrationdamping properties remains a problem.
Vulcanizable rubber stock based on diene rubber and comprising a damping substance is already known from USSR Author's Certificate No. 618 386 and the term "damping substance" is accordingly employed herein to mean a substance contained in a vulcanizable rubberstock to improve the vibrationdamping properties thereof. As a damping substance in this prior art a coumarone-indene resin is used in an amount of 20 - 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the diene rubber However, the strength and vibration-damping properties of a vulcanizate produced from this known vulcanizable rubber stock are not high.
Moreover, the coumarone-indene resin used as a damping substance is toxic.
According to the invention there is proposed a vulcanizable rubber stock based on diene rubber, which comprises an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally-decomposed rubber material which oligomer has a molecular weight of 450 - 86000 and is contained in the said stock in an amount of 5 to 68 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of diene rubber.
On vulcanization there is produced a vulcanized rubber material of high strength and good vibration-damping properties. The material retains these desirable properties over a wide temperature range.
The proposed invention has the advantage that it uses up waste materials arising in rubber production.
In one form of the invention thevulcanizable rubber stock contains an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butylene rubber and butadiene-styrene rubber, and is used in an amount of 5 to 60 preferably 5 to 56 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
Such a rubber stockwhen vulcanized has high strength at elevated temperatures and improved vibration-damping properties.
Alternatively, the vulcanizable rubber stock may contain an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadienenitrile rubber, and is used in an amount of 10 to 65 preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
Such a compound when vulcanized gives a good degree of elongation and excellent vibrationdamping properties.
As a further alternative, the vulcanizable rubber stock may include an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene rubber, and be used in an amount of 6 to 65 preferably 6 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
Such rubber stock when vulcanized gives very high strength and vibration-damping properties.
Alternatively again, the vulcanizable rubber stock may include an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber, and be used in an amount of 8 to 40 preferably 8 to 32 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber.
Such a rubber stock when vulcanized gives particularly good vibration-damping properties.
The vulcanizable rubber stock may alternatively include an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on ethylenepropylene rubber, and be used in an amount of 7 to 14 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
This rubber stock when vulcanized gives lightest vulcanizate, with the retention of high physicomechanical and vibration-damping properties.
Moreover, a suitable vulcanizable rubber stock may include an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber material based on isobutylene rubber and butadiene-nitrile rubber, and be used in an amount of 6 to 52 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber.
This formation of rubber stock when vulcanized gives high strength at low temperatures, with the retention of high vibration-damping properties.
In another embodiment the oxidized oligomer is derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene rubber and ethylenepropylene rubber and is taken in an amount of 5 to 57 preferably 8 to 57 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
Such a rubber stock when vulcanized has high strength and vibration-damping properties at low temperatures.
A still further embodiment envisages using an oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene rubber and butadiene-styrene rubber, in an amount of 5 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
This rubber stock when vulcanized gives the best vibration-damping properties at low temperatures.
As a yet further embodiment of the invention oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isoprene rubber, may be used in an amount of 5 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
This rubber stock can be vulcanized under conditions in which the level of pollutants discharged is minimized.
The nature of the invention will be clear from the following specific embodiments.
Example 1 A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention com
prises in parts by weight:
butadiene-nitrile rubber ... 100 high temperature bitumen ......... .. 5 stearine ............................................................... 1 pheny-ss-naphthylamine ......................... 0.75
zinc oxide ....................................... 1
sulphur .. 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ......................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butylene rubber and butadiene-styrene
rubber ................................................................................ 5
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butylene
rubber and butadiene-styrene rubber was produced
in the following way.
Rubber waste consisting of butylene and butadiene-styrene rubber was heated at atempera- ture of 415 C and a pressure of 1.9 x 10~~5N/m2 during 0.8 hour to cause thermal decomposition of said rubber. Then the resulting mix was air-blown at a temperature of 282 C and a pressure of 1.9 x 10-5
N/m2 during 35 hours to cause the oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials to oxidize. The consumption of air to effect said oligomer oxidation was 47 1/hr per kg of final product.The thus produced oxidized oligomer had the following properties:
density at a temperature of 20 C, g/cm3 0.9014 molecular weight ............................................ 9,268
vitrifying temperature, C .............................. -102
solubility, wt %:
in benzene.................................................. 98.5
in chloroform ......................................... 99.1
presence of the functional groups, mg KOH/g:
hydroxyl ....................................................... 1.14
carbonyl ........................................................... 0.39
carboxyl 0.85
ester 8.26
specific heat, kj/kgK.......................................... 1.89
thermal conductivity, W/mK............................ 0.11
the loss tangent of a dielectric ....... 3.7x10-3
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention was prepared in the following way. To 100 parts by weight of butodiene-nitrile rubber were added by passing through rolls 1 part by weight of stearine, 0.75 part by weight of phenil-P-naphthyl-amine, 1- part by weight of the diphenyl-guanidine, 1 part by weight of zinc oxide, 5 parts by weight of hightemperature bitumen, 5 parts by weight of oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butylene rubber and butadiene-styrene rubber, 20 parts by weight of carbon black, and 1 part by weight of sulphur. The resulting mix was calendered and vulcanized at a temperature of 143 C, and samples of the vulcani- zate thus produced were tested.The rest results are given in Table 1.
Example 2
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber ......... .. 100
high-temperature bitumen................................... 5
stearine 1
penyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................... 0.75
zinc oxide.............................................................. 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butylene rubber and butadiene-styrene
rubber ................................................................ 25
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butylene/butadiene-styrene rubber was produced in a similar manner as in Example 1.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the vulcanizable rubber stock during vulcanization and operating conditions of the vulcanization process are similar to those disclosed in Example 1. The test results are given in Table 1.
Example 3
A vulcanizable rubber compound of the invention comprises the following ingredients/in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitril rubber...................................... 100
high-temperature bitumen ................................... 5
stearine 1 phenyl-P-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide............................................................. 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ...................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butylene and butadiene-styrene rubber 56
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on the butylene/butadiene-styrene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in Example 1.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the vulcanizable rubber stock during the process of producing vulcanizate and operating conditions of said process are also similar to those disclosed in Example 1.
The test results are given in Table 1.
Example 4.
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients/in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber..................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point........................ 5
stearine... ............................................................ 1 phenyl-P-naphthylamine 0.75 zinc oxide ........ .......... ...................................... 1 sulphur.... ....................................................... 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butylene rubber and butadiene-styrene
rubber 60
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butylene/butadiene - styrene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in Example 1.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized to produce vulcanizate, and operating conditions of vulcanization are similar to those disclosed in Example 1. The test results are given in Table 1.
Table 1
Examples Auth. Cert.
Properties No.618,386
1 2 3 4
Tensile strength at
20 C, kg/cm 137 154 140 135 100
Tensile strength at 100 C, kg/cm2 98 121 101 87 60
Elongation, % 631 654 658 649
Permanent elonga tion,% 14 15 20 25
Loss factor 0.25 0.47 0.45 0.34
Vibration increase art a resonance
frequency 2.8 1.9 2.0 2.3 3
Modulus of elasti
city 10-9 N/m2 2.8 3.9 3.5 3.5
Loss modulus 10-9 N/nf 0.7 4.18 3.83 1.19
Example 5 A vufeanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weight/: butadiene-nitrile rubber.................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point.......................
stearine................................................................ 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide.............................................................. 1
sulphur 1
carbon black 5 20
diphenyl-guanidine 1
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene rubber.............................................. 6
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene rubber was produced as follows.
Rubber waste, namely, butadiene rubber was heated at a temperature of 373 C and a pressure of 4.6x10-5 N/m2 during 2.5 hours so as to cause said rubber to decompose. The resulting product was air-blown at a temperature of 271 0C and a pressure of 2.4 x 10-5 N/m2 during 1.9 hours to cause the oligomer derived from the decomposed butadiene rubber to oxidize, with the consumption of air required for the oxidation process being 65 1/hr per kg of resulting product.
The thus produced oxidized oligomer featured the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/cm .................................. 0.9204
molar weight ...................................... 30,236
vitrifying temperature, C................................ -107
solubility, wt %: in benzene 98.7 98.7 in chloroform 99.8
presence ofthe functional groups:
hydroxyl ....................................................... 9.12
carbonyl ............ ............... ............. ............ 0.95
carboxyl 2.39
ester................................................ ......... 17.25
specific heat, kj/kgK.......................................... 1.72
thermal conductivity, W(mk) ........................... 0.13
the loss tangent of a dielectric................. 1.4 x 10-3
The sequence of introducing ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized was similar to that disclosed in Example 1. The resulting vulcanizate was tested. The test results are given in Table 2.
Example 6
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weightl: butadiene-nitrile rubber.................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point........................ 5
stearine ............................................................................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene rubber............................................ 30
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in
Example 5.
The sequence of introducing the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized during the process of producing vulcanizate and operating conditions of said process are similar to those described in Example 1. The resultant vulcanizate was tested, the test results being tabulated in Table 2.
Example 7
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention com
prises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber.................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point........................ 5
stearine 1 phenyl-p-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide... ......................................................... 1 sulphur . ... 1 diphenyl-guanidine . .... 1
carbon black.................................... .................. 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene rubber................................ ........ 60
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in
Example 5.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized during the process of producing vulcanizate and operating conditions of said process were similar to those disclosed-in
Example 1. The resultant vulcanizate was tested, the test results being tabulated in Table 2.
Example 8
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber...................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point ....................... 5
stearine..... ............................................................ 1 phenyl-p-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide.............................................................. 1
sulphur..... .............................. ........................ 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black..................................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene rubber.............................................. 65
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on the butadiene rubber was produced substantially as described in Example 5.
The sequence of introducing the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized during the process of producing vulcanizate and operating condition of the process were similar to those disclosed in Example 1. The resulting vulcanizate was tested. The test results are given in Table 2.
Table 2
Properties Examples
5 6 7 8
Tensile strength at 20 C, kg/cm2 150 159 151 146
Tensile strength at
100 C,kg/cm 96 108 93 93
Elongation, % 656 678 679 681 Permanentelongation,% 15 16 19 26
Vibration increase at
a resonance frequency 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.85
Loss factor 0.30 0.47 0.52 0.50
Modulus of elasticity,
10-9 N/m2 4.1 9.1 9.3 9.2
Loss modulus, los N/m2 1.23 4.28 4.84 4.6
Example 9
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention con tains the following ingredients/measured in parts by weight/::
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber 100
bitumen with a hing melting point........................ 5
stearine.................................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine................................. 0.75
zinc oxide.................. .................................... .. 1
sulphur .. .................................... 1
diphenyl-guanidine............ ......... ............... 1
carbon black.... .......... .......... ......................... .. 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-styrene rubber ................. 8
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber was produced in the following manner.
Rubber waste consisting of butadiene-styrene
rubber was subjected to thermal treating at a temperature of 409 C and a pressure of 1.8 10 5 M/m2
during 0.7 hour so as to cause said rubber to decom
pose. The resulting mix was then air blown at a temperature of 265 C, and pressure of 1.9 x 10-5 N/m2 during the period of 4.3 hours, thereby causing said oligomerto oxidize. The consumption of the air required for the oxidation process was 38 1/hr per kg of resultant product.
The resultant oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber featured the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/cm ................................... 0.9331
molecular weight ............................................. 452
vitrifying temperature, C ................................. -68
solubility, wt %:
in benzene ............................................................................................. 99.9
in chloroform .................... . ......................... 99.9
presence of the functional groups:
hydroxyl ............................................................. 11.45
carbonyl ............. ............................................................... 0.78
carboxyl............... ........................................ 2.45
ester ........... 18.14
specific heat, kj/khK.................... .................... 1.78
thermal conductivity, W/(mK) ................................ 0.14
the loss tangent of a dielectric 1 .8x1 0 The sequence of introducing the ingredients of the vulcanizable rubber stock during vulcanization and operating conditions thereof were similar to those disclosed in Example 1. The resultant product was tested. The test results are given in Table 3.
Example 10
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients /measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber .................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point ....................... 5
stearine ............................................................... 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................. 0.75
zinc oxide ........................................ 1
sulphur ...................................................................... 1
diphenyl-guanidine .............................................. 1
carbon black ....................................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-styrene rubber ................................ 15
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in
Example 1.
The sequence of lntroducing the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions ofvulcanization were similar to those disclosed in Example t. The resultant product was tested. The test results are given in Table 3.
Example 11
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention comprises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weighty: butadiene-methySstyrene rubber 100 bitumen with high melting point........................... 5
stearine.................................................................... 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide............................................................. 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ......................................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-styrene rubber ................................ 32
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in
Example 1.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and the operating conditions of vulcanization were similar to those described in Example 1. The test results of the resul tantvulcanizate samples are given in Table 3.
Example 12 Avulcanizable rubber stock according tothe invention comprises the following ingredients/measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber 100
bitumen with high melting point........................... 5
stearine.............................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide........................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ...................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-styrene rubber .................................. 40
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber was produced substantially as disclosed in
Example 1.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization are similar to those described in Example 1. The samples of the resulting vulcanizate were tested. The test results are given in Table 3.
Table3
Examples
Properties
9 10 11 12
Tensile strength at 20 C, kgfcm2 118 129 125 109
Tensile strength at 100 C, kg/cm2 72 83 80 65
Elongation, % 626 645 648 641
Permanent elongation, % 23 24 31 38
Vibration increase at a
resonance frequency 2.7 1.8 1.85 1.9
Loss factor 0.28 0.51 0.49 0.47
Elasticity modulus,
10-9 N/m 2.9 9.2 8.7 8.3
Loss modulus, 10-9 N/m2 0.81 4.69 4.26 3.9
Example 13
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition/measured in parts by weight/::
butandiene-nitrile rubber...................................... 100
bitumen with a righ melting point........................ 5
stearine.................................................................. 1 phenyl-,8-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur I diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
ethylenepropylene rubber 7
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on ethylenepropylene rubber was produced in the following manner.
Rubber waste consisting of ethylenepropylene rubber was heated at temperature of 397 C and a pressure of 3.4 x 10-5 N/m2 during 2 hours so as to cause the said rubber to decompose. The product thus obtained was air-blown at a temperature of 275 C and a pressure of 2.5 x 10 N/m2 during 2.1 hours to cause the oligomer to oxidize, with the consumption of air being 68 1/hr per kg of resultant product.
The resultant oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on ethylenepropylene rubber had the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/cm ........................ ..... 0.8592
molar weight 12,934
vitrifying temperature, C ................................. -95
solubility, wt %:
in benzene........................... ....................... 98.4
in chloroform .. 99.8
presence of the functional groups: hydroxyi .................. ................. 1.12
carbonyl... .............. .. 0.23
carboxyl..................... ......... . .. 0.97
ester.................................. . .................... 7.15
specific heat, kj/kgK.......................................... 1.87
thermal conductivity, W/(mKI ......................... 0.10 loss tangent of a dielectric ................ 1.1 x 10-a The sequence on adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized operating conditions of producing vulcanizate are similar to those disclosed in Example 1. The samples of the thus produced vulcanizate are summarized in Table 4.
Example 14 Avulcanizable rubber stock accordingto the invention has the following composition/measured in parts by weigth/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber...................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point........................ 5
stearine ................................................................... 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
ethylenepropylene rubber ................................ 30
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials was obtained using the procedure similar to that described in Example 13.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber compound being vulcanized and operating conditions of the vulcanization process were the same as adopted in Example 1. Samples of the vulcanizate thus produced were tested and the test results are summarized in Table 4.
Example 15
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition/measured in parts by weight/:
buatdiene-nitrile rubber...................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point......................... 5
stearine ... ............................................................. 1
phenzl-ss-naphthylamine................................... 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine ............................................... 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
ethylenepropylene rubber ............................... 64
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber was obtained following the procedure substantially similar to that described in
Example 13.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of the vulcanization process were the same as adopted in Example 1. Samples of the thus produced vulcanizate were tested and the test results are summarized inTable4.
Table4
Examples
Properties
13 14 15
Tensile strength at 20 C, kg/cm2 149 150 145
Tensile strength at 100 C, kg/cm2 85 90 83
Elongation, % 652 663 678 Permanentelongation, SO 15 18 30 Vibration increase at a
resonance frequency 2.8 2.0 2.1
Loss factor 0.26 0.49 0.46
Elasticity modulus,
10-9 N/m2 2.7 8.8 8.4
Loss modulus, 10-9 N/m2 0.7 4.31 3.86
Example 16
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition/measured in parts byweight/::
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber 100
bitumen having a high melting point.................... 5
stearine ................................................................... 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................. 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile
rubber 6
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber was obtained using the following procedure.
Rubber waste consisting of isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber were heated at a tem perature of381 C and a pressure of 3.6x 10-5 N/m2 during the period of 2.9 hours so as to cause said rubber to decompose. The resulting material thus obtained was air-blown at a temperature of 258 C, and a pressure of 2.6x 10-5 N/m2 during 4.6 hours to cause the oligomers derived from the decomposed rubber materials to oxidize, with the air consumption being 52 1/hr per kg of resultant product.
The oligomerthus produced has the following properties: densityat20 C,g/cm3 0.9 293
moilar weight.................................................. 1,965
vitrifying temperature, C ................................ -110
solubility, wt %:
in benzene...................................................... 96.4
in chloroform ........................................ 98.2
presence of the functional groups, mg KOH/g::
hydroxil......................................................... 0.21
carbonyl .......................................................0.10
carboxyl 0.28
ester 1.43
specific heat, kj/kgK.......................................... 1.72 thermal conductivity, W/(mK) 0.09
loss tangent of a dielectric ........................ l.1x103 The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber compound being vulcanized and operating conditions of the vulcanization process were the same as adopted in Example 1. Samples of the vulcanizate thus produced were tested. The test results are given in Table 5.
Example 17
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention has the following composition measured in parts by weighty:
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber 100
bitumen with a high melting point........................ 5
stearine .............................................................. 1 phenyl-P-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine - 1
carbon black ..................................... . ........ ... ... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber . 30 Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber was produced following the procedure described in Example 16.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resulting vulcanizate thus produced were tested. The test results are summerized in Table 5.
Example 18
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured in parts byweight/: butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber 100
bitumen with a high melting point........................ 5
stearine .... ................ ............ ............ .............. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine.................................. 0.75
zinc oxide ............... ............................................... 1
sulphur................. ................................................... 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer ...................................... 52
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber material based on isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in
Example 16.
The sequence of admixing the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the vulcanizate thus produced were tested. The test results are summarized in Table 5.
Table5 Properties Examples 76 17 18
Tensile strength at
20 C, kg/cm 114 120 113
Tensile strength at
100 C, kg/cm 71 74 68
Elongation, % 632 645 646 Permanentelongation,% 26 27 34
Vibration increase at
a resonance frequency 2.5 1.9 1.7
Loss factor 0.34 0.48 0.53
Elasticity modulus,
10-9 N/m2 3.7 8.5 9.4
Loss modulus, 10-9 Nlm2 1.26 4.8 4.98
Example 19
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured in parts byweight/: butadiene-nitrile rubber 100
bitumen....................... ...................................... .. 5
stearine ................................................... 1 phenyl-p-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide ............................................................. .. 1
sulphur................. ................................... .... 1
diphenyl-guanidine......... ............................ ..... 1 carbon black ....... ... .. 20 oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isobutylene and ethylenepropylene
rubber..................... ............ . ........ ............. . 8
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene and ethylenepropylene rubber was produced using the following procedure.
Rubber waste namely, isobutylene and ethylenepropylene rubber were subjected to heat treating at a temperature of 418 C at a pressure 1.3 x 10-5 N/m2 during 0.8 hour so as to cause the thermal decomposition of said rubber. The resulting mixture was air-blown at a temperature of 293 C, and a pressure 2.1 x 10-5 N/m during 0.9 hour to cause the resultant oligomersto oxidize, the air consumption being 100 1/hr per kg of resulting.
The oligomer thus produced has the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/cm ................................... 0.8931
molar weight .................................................................................... 8.049
vitrifying temperature, C ................................ -14
solubility, wt %:
in benzene 99.1
in chloroform ....................................... 99.6
presence of the functional groups, mg KOHIg:
hydroxil ....................... ............................ .... 0.98
carbonyl ... .................................................. 0.17
carboxyl.... ..................................................... 1.73
ester 8.12
specific heat, kj/kgK........................................... 1.73 thermal conductivity,W/(mK) ................
loss tangent of a dielectric ....................... 4.6 x 10-3
The sequence of admixing the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are tabulated in Table 6.
Example 20
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the
invention has the following composition /measured
in parts byweight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber ..................................... 100
bitumen having a high melting point.................... 5
stearine .................................................................... 1 phenyl-fl-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide ................................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
ethylenepropylene rubber .............................. 30
Oxidized oligomer which, before being oxidized, was derived from rubber materials based on isobutylene and ethylene-propylene rubber as a result ofthermal decomposition thereof, was produced using the procedure adopted in Example 19.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being. vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as described in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are summarized in
Table 6.
Example 21 Avulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition measured in parts by weight/:
Butadiene-nitrile rubber.................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point ........................ 5
stearine .................................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide ............................................................... 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isobutylene and ethylenepropylene
rubber 57
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene and ethylenepropylene rubber was obtained using the procedure substantially similar to that described in
Example 19.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are summarized in
Table 6.
Example 22
Vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured in parts byweight/: butadiene-nitrile rubber..................................... 100 bitumen with a high melting point ................. 5
stearine ........................................ - 1 phenyl-ss-naphthylamine.................................. 0.75
zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine................................................ 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isobutylene and ethylenepropylene
rubber.................................................................. 5
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based.on isobutylene and ethylenepropylene rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in
Example 19.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are summarized in
Table 6.
Table6
Properties Examples
19 20 21 22
1 2 3 4 5
Tensile strength at
20 C, kg/cm 141 154 150 142
Tensile strength at
100 C,kg/cm 84 92 83 86
Elongation, % 640 659 661 628 Permanentelongation,% 17 19 32 16
Vibration increase at a
resonance frequency 2.5 1.9 2.0 2.8
Loss factor 0.33 0.45 0.46 0.29
Modulus of elasticity,
10-9 N/m2 3.8 8.6 8.7 8.7 Loss modulus, 10' NIm' 1.25 3.87 4.0 0.78 Example 23
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured in parts by weight/:: butadiene-nitrile rubber..................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point....................... 5
stearine.................................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................. 0.75 diphenyl-guanidine 1 zinc oxide................................................................ 1
sulphur.......................................................................... 1
carbon black ...................................... . 20 oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-nitrile rubber ................................... 10
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-nitrile rubber was produced as follows.
Rubber wastes, namely, butadiene-nitrile rubber were heated at a temperature of 424 C and a pressure of 1.2 x 10-5 N/m2 during the period of 0.7 hour so as to cause said rubber to decompose. The thus obtained product was airblown at a temperature of 285 C and a pressure of 2.5 x 10-5 N/m2 during the period of 2.1 hours to cause the resultant oligomer to oxidize, the air consumption being 82 1/hr per kg of resulting product.
The oxidized oligomerthus produced has the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/m ................................. 0.9439
molecular weight ............................................ 6,467
vitrifyng temperature, C .................................. -54
solubility, wt %:
in benzene 99.8 in chloroform ........................................ 99.g presence of the functional groups, mg KOH/g::
hydroxyl .......................................................... 2.14
carbonyl .......................................................... 0.35
carboxyl 1.02
ester ................................................................... 12.37 specifrc heat, kJ/kgK 3.28 thermal conductivityW/(mK) 0.21x10-3 The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization werethe same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant oligomer were tested. The test restults are summarized in Table 7.
Example 24
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber .................................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point ....................... 5
stearine................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................. 0.75
diphenyl-guanidine .................................................. 1
zinc oxide ............ ...... 1
sulphur .................................................................. 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligmer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-nitrile rubber ................................... 20
Oxidized oligmer derived from thermally decomposed materials based on butadiene-nitrile rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 23.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are given in Table 7.
Example 25
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured
in parts by weight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber ..... ........... .............. 100
bitumen with a high melting point ............ ..... 5
stearine .. ............................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................. 0.75
diphenyl-guanidine ................................................ 1
zinc oxide ........................................v.. 1
sulphur .................................................................... 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-nitrile rubber .................................. 40
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-nitrile rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 23.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultantvulcanizate were tested. The test results are given in Table 7.
Example 26
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition measured in parts by weight/:
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber .................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point ....................... 5
stearine .................................................................. 1 phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
diphenyl-guanidine ...................................... 1
zinc oxide ........................................ 1
sulphur .................................................................... 1
carbon black ............................................................
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-nitrile rubber was produced following the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 23.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are given in Table 7.
Table 7
Properties Examples
23 24 25 26
Tensile strength at 20 C, kg/cm2 151 157 149 130
Tensile strength at 100 C, kg/cm2 95 104 93 75
Elongation, % 679 681 687 621
Permanent elongation, % 12 14 18 23
Vibration increase at
a resonance frequency 2.8 1.9 1.8 2.1
Loss factor 0.27 0.45 0.48 0.39
Modulus of elasticity,
10-9 NIm' 2.9 8.7 8.9 6.5
Loss modulus,
10-9 NIm' 0.78 3.92 4.27 2.54
Example 27
A vulcanizable rubber compound according to the
invention has the following composition /measured
in parts by weight/::
butadiene-nitrile rubber , 100
bitumen with a high melting point ....................... 5
stearine .................................................................. 1
phanyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................. 0.75
zinc oxide ............................................................... 1
sulphur ...................................................................... 1
diphenyl-guanidine ............................................... 1
carbon black ......................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isoprene rubber ........................................... 5
Oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decom
posed rubber materials based on isoprene rubber was produced as follows.
Rubber waste consisting of isoprene rubber was subjected to thermal treating at a temperature of 412 C and a pressure of 1.7 x 10-5 N/m2 during 0.9 hour so at to cause said rubber to decompose.
Thereafter, the resulting material was air-blown at a temperature of 273 C and a pressure of 1.5 x 10-5
N/m2 during 2.9 hours to cause the thus derived oligomer to oxidize, the air consumption being 541.
The oxidized oligomer thus obtained has the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/cm ................................... 0.9097
molecular weight 85,890
vitrifying temperature, C ....... ..........................-71
solubility, wt %:
in benzene ......................................... 99.5
in chloroform .......... ................................... 99.8
presence of the functional groups, mg KOH/g:
hydroxyl ......................................................... 8.95
carbonyl ........................................................... 0.70
carboxyl ........................................................ 1.24
ester ............................................................... 15.30
specific heat, kJ/kgK ......................................... 1.84
thermal conductivity, W/mK ............................ 0.15
loss tangent of a dielectric ....................... 1.7 x 10-3
Example 28
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured in parts by weight/::
butadiene-nitrile rubber .................................... 100
bitumen having a high melting point .................... 5 stearine ....................................................... - 1 phenyl-ss-naphthylamine ................................. 0.75
zinc oxide ............................................................... 1
sulphur ............................................................................ 1
diphenyl-guanidine .............................................. 1 carbon black z 20 oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isoprene rubber , 20
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isoprene rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 27.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are summarized in
Table 8.
Example 29
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following ingredients /measured in parts byweight/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber...................................... 100
bitumen having a high melting point.................... 5
stearine 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinv oxide............................. .................................. 1
sulphur................... .................................................. 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isoprene rubber ............................................... 40
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isoprene rubber was produced following the procedure described in Example 27.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are given in Table 8.
Table8
Properties Examples
27 28 29
Tensile strength at
20 C, kg/cm2 154 148 146
Tensile strength at 1 00'C, kg/cm2 97 84 80
Elongation, % 685 679 65
Permanent elongation, % 14 18 22
Vibration increase at
a resonance frequency 2.9 2.4 1.9
Loss factor 0.26 0.38 0.5
Modulus of elasticity,
10-9 N/m2 3 6.7 9.1
Loss modulus,
10-9 N/m 0.78 2.68 4.55
Example 30
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention has the following ingredients /measured in parts by weight/::
butadiene/nitrile rubber............................... 100
bitumen with a ihgh melting point ....................... 5
stearine................................................. 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine.................................0.75
zinc oxide............................................... 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black................................................................
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene and butadiene-styrene rubber 5
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene and butadiene-styrene rubber was produced in the following way.
Rubber waste consisting of butadiene and butadiene-styrene rubber was thermally treated at a temperature of 413 C and a pressure of 1.6 x 10-5
N/m2 during the period of 1.2 hours so as to cause the thermal decomposition of said rubber. Thereafter, the mix thus obtained was air-blown at a temperature of 276 C and a pressure of 3.5 x 10-5 N/m2 during the period of 2.8 hours to cause the oligomers
resulting from the decomposition of said rubber
materials to oxidize, with the air consumption being 61 1/hr per kg of final product.
The oxidized oligomer thus obtained has the fol
lowing properties:
density at 200C, g/cm3 ......................................... 0.9 285
molecular weight ......................................... 16,272
vitrifying temperature, C.............................. .. -95
solubility, wt %:
in benzene................... ......... .................... 99.3
in chloroform ................................................. 99.7
presence of the functional groups, mg KOHIg:
hydroxyl........................................................ 10.19
carbonyl .................... 0.71
carboxyl 2.54
ester 19.73
specific heat,kj/kgK........................................... 1.76
thermal conductivity, W/(mK) ............................ 0.14
loss tangent of a dielectric 1 .Sxl 0- The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultantvulcanizate were tested. The test results are summarized in
Table 9.
Example 31
A vulcanizable rubber stock according to the invention has the following composition /measured in parts by weigth/:
butadiene-nitrile rubber...................................... 100
bitumen with a high meltihg point........................ 5
stearine................................................................................... 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine.................................. 0.75
zinc oxide...................................................................... 1
sulphur .... .................................................................................. 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black ........................................ 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene and butadiene-styrene
rubber............... ................................................. 25
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene and butadiene-styrene rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 30.
The sequence of introducing ingredients ofthe rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultantvulcanizate were tested. The test results are given in Table 9.
Example 32
A vulcanizable rubber stock of the invention has the following composition /measured in parts by weightl: butadiene-nitrile rubber 100
bitumen with a high melting point ......................... 5
stearine ........................................................................ 1
phenyl-ss-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide.................................................................1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black .......................................... 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene and butadiene-styrene
rubber 50
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene and butadiene-styrene rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 30.
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested. The test results are summarized in
Table 9.
Table9
Properties Examples
30 31 32
Tensile strength at 20 C,kg/cm 134 156 130
Tensile strength at 100'C, kglcm2 87 89 84
Elongation, % 641 672 674
Permanent elongation, % 16 19 31
Vibration increase at a resonance frequency 2.4 1.9 2.0
Loss factor 0.35 0.5 0.49
Modulus of elasticity, 10'Nlm' 3.9 9.1 9.0
Loss modulus, 10-9 N/m2 1.37 4.55 4.41
Example 33 (negative)
A vulcanizable rubber stock has the following composition/measured in parts byweight/:: butadiene-nitrile rubber 100
bitumen with a high melting point 5
stearine 1 phenyl-P-naphthylamine 0.75
zinc oxide 1
sulphur 1
diphenyl-guanidine 1
carbon black 20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
isoprene rubber 4
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isoprene rubber was produced in a manner similar to that described in Example 27.
The resultant oxidized oligomer featured the following properties: densityat200C,g/cm3 0.9 113 0.9113 molecular weigth 90,136
vifrifyng temperature, C ............................... -48
solubility, wt %:
in benzene ......................................... 98.3
in chloroform 99.2
presence of the functional groups, mg KOH/g::
hydroxiyl ........................................................ 7.12
carbonyl .................................................................................. 0.63
carboxyl X 1.31
ester ................................................................. 12.9
specific heat, kJ/kgK ......................................... 1.86
thermal conductivity, W/(mk) ..........................0.14
loss tangent of a dielectric ....................1 1.65 x 10-3
The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested.The test results are given below:
tensile strength at20 C, kg/cm2 ........................ 162
tensile strength at 100 C,kg/cm ..................... 101
elongation, % ......................................... 681
permanent elongation, 14
vibration increase at a resonance
frequency .......................................................... 3.5
loss factor ........................................ 0.21
modulus of elasticity, 109 N/m2 ........................... 2.5
loss modulus, 10-9 N/m2 ................................... 0.51
Thus, decreasing the amount of the oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isoprene rubber affects the vibration-damping properties of the resultant vulcanizate produced from said vulcanizable rubber stock.
Example 34 (negative)
A vulcanizable rubber stock comprises the following ingredients measured in parts by weight:
butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber ................... 100
bitumen with a high melting point ........................ 5
stearine ................................................................... 1 phenyl-p-naphthylamine ... ... 0.75
zinc oxide..... .......... ......... .. 1
sulphur................ ... . .................................. .. 1
diphenyl-guanidine... . ..................... .... 1
carbon black ...............................................20
oxidized oligomer derived from thermally
decomposed rubber materials based on
butadiene-styrene rubber ............................... 70
The oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadienestyrene rubber was produced using the procedure substantially similar to that described in Example 9.
The oligomer thus obtained has the following properties:
density at 20 C, g/cm3 ................................ 0.9305 molecular weight ........................................... 408
vitrifying temperature, C .............................. -73
solubility, wt %:
in benzene ...................................... 99.9
in chloroform ........................................... 99.9
presence of the funtional groups, mg KOH/g: hydroxyl ..................................................... 11.53
carbonyl ....... ....... 0.81
carboxyl .......................................................... 2.56
ester .......................................................................... 21.6
specific heat, kJ/kgK ...................................... 1.82
thermal conductivity,W/mK .......................... 0.15 losstangentofadielectric 1.9x 10 3 x 10 The sequence of adding the ingredients of the rubber stock being vulcanized and operating conditions of vulcanization were the same as adopted in
Example 1. Samples of the resultant vulcanizate were tested.The test results are given below: tensile strength at 20 C, kg/cm2 ........................ 85
tensile strength at 100"C, kg/cm2 56
elongation, % .......................................... 620
permanent elongation, % ................................. 36
vibration increase at resonance
frequency ................................................... 52
loss factor ....................................... 0.18
modulus of elasticity, 10-9 N/m ............... .... 2.3
loss modulus, 10-9 N/m2 .............................. 0.45
Thus, increasing the amount of the oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-styrene rubber affects to a great extent the vibration-damping and physico-mechanical properties of the resultant vulcanizate.
While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown and described various modifications thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art and therefore it is not intended that the invention be limited to the disclosed embodiments or to the details thereof and the departures may be made therefrom within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (12)
1. Vulcanizable rubber stock based on diene rubber, which comprises oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials which oligomer has a molecular weight of 450 to 86,000 and is contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 5 to 68 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of diene rubber.
2. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1, wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation of thermally-decomposed rubber materials based on butylene and butadienestyrene rubber, said oxidized oligomer being contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 5 to 60, preferably 5 to 56 parts by weight per 100 part by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
3. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1, wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene-nitrile rubber, said oxidized oligomer being contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 10 to 65, preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight per 10Qparts byweight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
4. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1 wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligorner derived by oxidation from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene rubber and said oxidized oligomer is contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 6 to 65 preferably 6 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
5. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1,wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on butadiene styrene rubber and said oxidized oligomer is contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 8 to 40 preferably 8 to 32 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene methyl-styrene rubber.
6. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1, wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on ethylenepropylene rubberand said oxidized oligomer is contained by weight per 100 parts by weight by butadiene-nitrile rubber.
7. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1, wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation from thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber and said oxidization oligomer is contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 6 to 52 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber.
8. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1, wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation thermally decomposed rubber materials based on isobutylene and ethyienepropylene rubber said oxidized oligomer is contained in said rubber stock in amount of 5 to 57 preferably 8 to 57 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
9. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim 1, wherein said oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived by oxidation from thermally decomposed
rubber materials based on butadiene and butadiene-styrene rubber and said oxidized oligomer is contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 5 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
10. Vulcanizable rubber stock according to claim
1, wherein oxidized oligomer is oligomer derived from by oxidation thermally decomposed rubber
materials based on isoprene rubber and said oxid ized oligomer is contained in said rubber stock in an amount of 5 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of butadiene-nitrile rubber.
11. Vulcanizable rubber stock substantially as herein described.
12. Rubber stock as claimed in any one preceding claim when vulcanized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08120947A GB2102008B (en) | 1981-07-07 | 1981-07-07 | Vulcanizable rubber compound |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08120947A GB2102008B (en) | 1981-07-07 | 1981-07-07 | Vulcanizable rubber compound |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2102008A true GB2102008A (en) | 1983-01-26 |
| GB2102008B GB2102008B (en) | 1985-01-16 |
Family
ID=10523078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08120947A Expired GB2102008B (en) | 1981-07-07 | 1981-07-07 | Vulcanizable rubber compound |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2102008B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2168058A (en) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-06-11 | Nippon Zeon Co | Nitrile rubber compositions |
| EP0552555A1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-28 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Process for depolymerization of butyl rubbers and halobutyl rubbers |
-
1981
- 1981-07-07 GB GB08120947A patent/GB2102008B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2168058A (en) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-06-11 | Nippon Zeon Co | Nitrile rubber compositions |
| EP0552555A1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-28 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Process for depolymerization of butyl rubbers and halobutyl rubbers |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2102008B (en) | 1985-01-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |