GB2096306A

GB2096306A - Solar collectors

Info

Publication number: GB2096306A
Application number: GB8209322A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1981-04-08
Filing date: 1982-03-30
Publication date: 1982-10-13
Also published as: DE3114202A1; SE8202123L; NO821035L; FI821146L; IT8149817A0; FI821146A0; FR2503850A1

Abstract

For mounting on a flat roof or a building facade, for obtaining heat energy from solar irradiation and ambient heat, the collector comprises heat collector tubes 18 which are laid on and fastened to supporting profiles 10 which are T-shaped or L-shaped in configuration and which rest each with a limb 11 flatly on surface 12 of the substrate. When mounted on a flat roof, the limbs 11 are held by loading with weights 14. The heat collector tubes 18 are connected to circulation tube portions 26 which extend outside the supporting profiles 10 and may be each provided with a masking profile 27. The tubes 18 have ribs 21 and are rotatable about their longitudinal axes prior to being clamped in selected positions. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Heat collector This invention relates to a heat collector, preferably for a flat roof or a facade, for gaining heat energy from direct and indirect solar irradiation or from ambient heat, in which, for conveying the energy, a heat carrier medium is circulatable through heat collector tubes or pipes which are provided with ribs or lugs which enlarge the absorption surface area, which tubes or pipes extend in groups between circulation tube portions.

It is generally known to utilise roof surfaces and facade surfaces to gain energy by a heat collector constructed to absorb heat. This heat collector can be designed to obtain energy both from direct insolation and from ambient heat. Extruded heat collector tubes made of a good heat-conducting metal are already known (see German Patent Application No. P 30 46 380.0) which tubes are mounted, in combined groups, on a steep roof. As a result of this grouped combination in laying units, the installation of the heat collector is simplified, and the number of heat collector tubes per unit of area can be varied.

It is also known to lay heat collectors directly on a flat roof, in order to utilise the storage effect of the covering of the flat roof for obtaining the heat. This way of mounting heat collectors on a flat roof permits virtually no gaining of energy when the heat collectors are covered, for example, by snow.

The problem underlying the invention is to provide heat collectors in which heat collector tubes are combined in groups, and can be mounted in a simple manner on a flat roof or on a facade as may be desired. In this respect, it is to be ensured that air can flow around the heat collectors on all sides and the individual heat collectortubes offer the possibility of being able to be aligned in an optimum manner with respect to the direct solar irradiation.

This problem is solved, in accordance with the invention, in a heat collector mentioned at the introduction hereof, in that the heat collector tubes are laid on supporting profiles and are mounted thereon, and in that the supporting profiles are T-shaped or L-shaped in configuration and are each anchored with one limb resting flat on the substrate.

In accordance with a refinement of the invention, provision is made for the fact that the limb, resting on the horizontal substrate, of the supporting profile is weight-loaded for anchorage.

The fastening of the heat collector tubes is preferably effected on each supporting profile with the aid of a clamping profile which extends over the length of the supporting profile and which is clampable against the widened upper edge of the supporting profile. As a result of a corresponding design of the upper edge of the supporting profile and of the clamping profile, the possibility can be afforded of fastening the heat collector tubes, relative to their longitudinal axis, in different rotary positions, so that the lugs or ribs serving to enlarge the absorption area can be brought into a position in which they can be encountered as perpendicularly as possible by the direct solar irradiation.

It is furthermore preferably proposed that. a masking profile for the circulation tube portions is present, which profile is located on the supporting profile or on the clamping profile.

In order to keep the air circulation underneath the heat collector tubes open to all sides, advantageously the web, carrying the heat collector tubes, of the supporting profile is provided with ventilation openings.

The invention, its advantages and further features thereof, will be described in more detail, with reference to an exemplified embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the heat collector in accordance with the invention; and Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line Il-Il of Fig. 1.

The illustrated heat collector as shown in Fig. 1 comprises L-shaped supporting profiles 10 which each rest with their lower limb 11 on surface 12 ol a flat roof. For anchorage, the limbs 11 are weight-loaded with concrete slabs 1 4. Upright webs 1 5 of the two supporting profiles 1 0 each have, on their upper edges, a respective widening 1 6, on which heat collector tubes 1 8 rest and are clamped, with the aid of clamping profiles 19.The heat collector tubes 18 carry, on their outer curved surfaces, ribs 21 and lugs 22 which enlarge the absorption areas thereof and which can be omitted in the mounting region under the clamping profile 1 9. Although not shown in detail in the drawing, the ribs and/or the lugs can, if desired, be shortened to such an extent that they end in common planes, and upon fastening on the upper edge of each supporting profile 10 have a multi-point bearing thereon, as illustrated by the central heat collector tube shown in Fig. 2 and which has been twisted about the longitudinal axis.The free ends of the heat collector tubes 1 8 are connected by way of hose connectors 25 to connection pieces of circulation tube portions 26 which extend outside the supporting profiles 1 0. It may be advantageous to mask these circulation tube portions 26 which takes place with the aid of a masking profile 27 which engages on one side under the clamping profile 19 and is held fast.

Although a circulation tube portion 26 is shown on both sides in each case in Fig. 1, which tube portions 26 are connected together by rectilinear heat collector tubes 1 8, the heat collector tubes 1 8 ma'y, if desired, be of U-shaped or S-shaped configuration, between the circulation tube portions 26, in which case adjacent heat collector tubes may, at one side, be connected to a tube bend. These tube bends may similarly be connected by hose connectors to the heat collector tubes.

In order to ensure that the heat collector tubes 1 8 are securely held, provision is also made for the fact that each clamping profile 1 9 and also the upper edge of the corresponding supporting profile 10 is provided with a transverselyextending tooth structure or other appropriate surface configuration which ensures, upon the clamping of the heat collector tubes 18, a secure and reliable movement-free hold.

The heat collector constructed in this way can be mounted very simply on a conventional flat rool and offers, because of the shaping of the heat collector tubes 18 more especially on account of the co-formed lugs which are mounted so as to be disposed at the top, a comparatively large radiation area when direct solar irradiation is afforded. By rotation of the heat collector tubes 18 about their longitudinal axes, the large-area lugs may be so aligned that the direct solar irradiation strikes, as far as possible, perpendicularly without the aircircumcirculation of the heat collector tubes 1 8 thereby being impaired.With the use of an arrangement of the heat collector tubes 18 which is connected closely together, it can be ensured that the lugs 22 are immediately adjacent to one another or, if they are in oblique positions, overlap, so that for example in the case of unfavourable weather conditions with a fall of snow with comparatively high outside temperatures, over the large-area rear side sufficient heat can be absorbed in order to melt the snow. In the event of a higher importance being attributed to the direct solar irradiation, the heat collector tubes may also, as characterised by numeral 30, have lugs which protrude to both sides, in order to enlarge the area which utilises the direct solar irradiation.

The heat collector shown in the drawing may, however, also be used in the region of a facade of a building. In this instance, the limbs 11 of the Lshaped supporting profiles 10 will be fastened to the building wall (not shown). The supporting profiles 10 may, alternatively be T-shaped in configuration which may be advantageous upon mounting on the wall, in the interests of alternate anchorage.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the supporting profiles are provided, in their webs 1 5, with ventilation openings 31. These ventilation openings are considered to be particularly advantageous when the heat collector is mounted on a facade, since horizontal and perpendicular ventilation is then possible.

Claims

1. A-heat collector, preferably for a flat roof or a facade, for gaining heat energy from direct and indirect solar irradiation or from ambient heat, in which, for conveying the energy, a heat carrier medium is circulatable through heat collector tubes or pipes which are provided with ribs or lugs which enlarge the absorption surface areas, which tubes or pipes extend in groups between circulation tube portions, characterised in that the heat collector tubes are laid on supporting profiles and are mounted thereon, and in that the supporting profiles are T-shaped or L-shaped in configuration and are anchored with one limb reacting flatly on the substrate.

2. A heat collector as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the limb, resting on the horizontal substrate, of each supporting profile, is weight-loaded.

3. A heat collector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a clamping profile, which extends over the length of the supporting profile and is clampable against the widened upper edge of each supporting profile.

4. A heat collector as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the heat collector tubes are clampable in different rotary positions.

5. A heat collector as claimed in any preceding claim, characterised in that the web, carrying the heat collector tubes, of the supporting profile is provided with vent openings.

6. A heat collector as claimed in any preceding claim characterised in that a masking profile for the circulation tubes portions is held on the supporting profile or on the clamping profile.

7. A heat collector substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in thte accompanying drawing.