GB2094652A - Improved axial flow oil filter - Google Patents

Improved axial flow oil filter Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2094652A
GB2094652A GB8108240A GB8108240A GB2094652A GB 2094652 A GB2094652 A GB 2094652A GB 8108240 A GB8108240 A GB 8108240A GB 8108240 A GB8108240 A GB 8108240A GB 2094652 A GB2094652 A GB 2094652A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
base
oil
filter
canister
cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8108240A
Other versions
GB2094652B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Frantz Filters Inc
Original Assignee
Frantz Filters Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frantz Filters Inc filed Critical Frantz Filters Inc
Priority to GB8108240A priority Critical patent/GB2094652B/en
Publication of GB2094652A publication Critical patent/GB2094652A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2094652B publication Critical patent/GB2094652B/en
Priority to HK128/86A priority patent/HK12886A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
    • B01D29/07—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets
    • B01D29/072—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets ring shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
    • B01D29/07—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets
    • B01D29/073—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets with wound filtering sheets

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

An oil filter (10) for an internal combustion engine includes a base (12) having a central inlet (22), an outlet (24), and an axial flow filter cartridge inserted between a central tube (14) and a canister (16) which seals against the base (12) to form an oil tight enclosure. Oil flows up through the central tube (14) and down through the cartridge (18). Annular flanges (36, 37, 38) respectively seal against the end of cartridge (18) and tube (14) to prevent oil from bypassing the filter cartridge. A split collar (20) clamps the canister (16) to base (12), and base (12) has radial channels 64 to drain oil to outlet (24). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improved axial flow oil filter Background of the invention 1. Field of the invention The present invention relates generally to filtering devices and, more particularly, to axial flow oil filters of the bypass type which are adapted to be used in conjunction with internal combustion engines.
2. Description of the prior art An axial flow oil filter is disclosed in the patent to Yee, petal., U.S. Patent No. 3,308,956. The oil filter includes a base having a centrally located inlet aperture and an outlet aperture radially spaced apart from the inlet. A tubular filter cartridge comprising, for example, an ordinary roll of toilet paper, is inserted about a central shaft which projects upward from the base. A canister fits tightly about the cylindrical wall of the filter cartridge and seals againstthe base to form an outer boundary for the flow of oil through the filter. Oil, which is bypassed from the lubrication system of the internal combustion engine, flows through the inlet and up the central shaft until it reaches an annular chamber defined by the top of the canister and the upper radial face of the filter cartridge.The oil flows radially outward within the chamber and enters the filter cartridge. The oil is filtered as it flows downward through the filter cartridge and discharges through the lower end thereof. The oil is collected in an annular space formed between the lower radial face of the filter cartridge and the base of the filter.
The Yee, etal., patent discloses various means for supporting the filter cartridge above the base. The filter cartridge may be spaced apart from the base plate by a washer placed about the shaft. Alternatively, the lower radial face of the filter cartridge may be supported directly on one more conventional wire screens which, in addition to supporting the filter, allow the oil to flow through the interstices in the screen to the single outlet in the base. Finally, the cartridge may be supported on a perforated plate extending annularly between the inner wall of the cannister and the outer wall of the shaft. Screens may be placed on the plate to help prevent the filter cartridge from blocking the perforations.
While performing in a generally satisfactory manner, the above-described filter suffers from channelling which occurs between the filter cartridge and both the outer wall of the shaft and the inner wall of the canister. Such channelling allows as much as 10% of the oil to pass unfiltered back to the engine.
The performance of the filter also suffers from blockages which occur in the oil passages in the means for supporting the filter cartridge. The blockages occur primarily because the interstices in the support screen become blocked with dirt or with material emanating from the filter cartridge itself.
The blockages, in turn, disturb the outlet flow pattern from the filter cartridge and cause portions of the filter cartridge to carry reduced flow while other portions carry an increased flow. Those portions of the filter carrying the increased flow become depleted more rapidly than would be the case if the flow pattern through the cartridge were even. These portions thus become the "weak link" which cause the filter cartridge to have a reduced useful life.
Additionally, the prior art oil filter suffers from an inadequate seal between the base plate and the canister. A seal washer is provided between the lower lip of the canister and the base plate. The lower lip is urged against the washer by a clamp having an upper plate which presses against the upper end of the canister and is held in place by a pair of threaded rods on either side thereof. While the initial seal formed is tight, long exposure to heat tends to deform the rods and loosen the seal.
Furthermore, the heat has a tendency to warp the walls of the canister which interferes with its sealing against the washer.
Summary of the invention The present invention is an improved oil filter of the type described hereinabove which provides both improved filtration for the oil passing therethrough and a longer life for the filter cartridge. The deficiencies of the prior art filter are overcome by providing means which prevent oil from bypassing the filter cartridge and which assure the even flow of oil through the filter cartridge. Additionally, means are provided to ensure an even seal between the canister and the base at all points along the junction therebetween.
In broad terms, the support means for the filter cartridge has been modified to tightly seal the lower end of the filter cartridge against the adjacent walls of both the shaft and the canister to prevent the channelling described above. Furthermore, a network of channels engraved in the base collects oil discharged from the filter cartridge acts as a manif old to carry the oil to the outlet. The even flow of oil from the cartridge thus achieved helps prevent blockage of the flow path. Finally, a collar placed about the perimeter of the base fastens to a flanged lip at the bottom of the canister, evenly sealing the canister to the base at all points.
The filter of the present invention includes an annular flange which projects upward from the base and fits tightly inside the lower portion of the canister. The flange penetrates the lower end of the filter cartridge, urging the edge of the cartridge radially outward against the wall of the canister to form a seal therebetween. The seal prevents channelling up the wall of the canister. Similarly, a cup-shaped retainer having a lip spaced a short distance radially outward from the center shaft projects upward from the base. The lip penetrates into the lower end of the cartridge and prevents channelling along the wall of the shaft.
Brief description of the drawings Figure I is an exploded view illustrating the various components of the present invention.
Figure 2 is an elevational view of the filter of the present invention shown partly in section with portions being broken away.
Description of the specific embodiment The filter of the present invention is of the type known as a bypass oil filter and may be connected at any point in the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine. The filter passes only a portion of the total volume of oil being circulated past the point at which the filter is connected. The filter of the specific embodiment is designed to filter about 10% of the total oil flow in an ordinary automobile engine lubricating system, which provides sufficient filtration to keep the crank case oil clean at all times.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the filter 10 of the present invention includes a base 12 having a central shaft 14 projecting upwards therefrom, a canister 16 which engages the base 12 to form an oil-tight enclosure therewith, a filter cartridge 18 which is received on the central shaft 14, and a collar 20 which secures the canister 16 to the base 12.
The base 12 is a casting having an inlet port 22 at the center thereof and an outlet port 24 that is based radially outward from the center. A threaded inlet boss 26 aligned with the inlet port 22 connects to a flexible hose (not shown) of the vehicle lubrication system to provide the incoming flow of unfiltered oil.
An outlet boss 28, aligned with outlet port 24, connects to the lubrication system for the return flow of filtered oil. The filter 10 is mounted to the vehicle chassis by a pair of brackets 30 which project downward from the base 12.
An annular flange 36 projects upward from the base and terminates in a sharp peak. A hollow boss 38 also projects upward from the base 12, having a cylindrical wall spaced radially inward from the annular flange 36. A radial flange 40 extends about the base 12 and has a retaining lip 42 extending upward at its edge.
The central shaft 14 is a hollow, cylindrical tube having swage 44 formed at its upper end. The lower end of the central shaft 14 is secured to the hollow boos 38 and, thus, the shaft forms a conduit for the flow of oil from the inlet 22 to the upper end of the filter, as will be described in more detail hereinafter.
The canister 16 has a cylindrical side wall 48 and a dome 50 at the upper end of the cylindrical sidewall to form the top of the canister. A flanged lip 52 extends outward from the lower end of the canister and is adapted to seal against a sealing ring 54 retained on the radial flange 40 of the base 12.
The collar 20 has an inner channel 60 adapted to urge the flanged lip 52 of the canister 16 toward the radial flange 40 of the base 12, thus compressing the sealing ring 54 to form a seal therebetween. Since the channel 60 extends completely around the circumference of the filter, the seal maintained between the canister and the base will be even. The continual heating and cooling of the filter will have little affect on the ability of the collar 20 to maintain a tight seal. The collar is tightened about the filter by a conventional fastener 61 which draws the opposite ends of the collar together.
The tubular filter element 18 comprises a plurality of circumferentially arranged layers of thin, tightly packed, fibrous material adapted to remove solid particles from the oil as it flows therethrough.
The base 12 includes a plurality of radial channels 64 extending between the outer wall of the hollow boss 38 and the inner wall of the annular flange 36. A single annular channel 66 intersects each of the radial channels 64 at a point approximately midway between the boss 38 and the flange 36. Thus, a network of channels is formed for collecting the oil as it flows from the filter cartridge 18 and transporting to the outlet 24, which communicates directly with the annular channel 66.
A pair of circular screens 70 having circular holes 72 at their center, are received about the central shaft 14 and lie adjacent to the base 12.
A cup-shaped retainer 76 is received about the central shaft 14 and has a cylindrical wall 78 extending upward therefrom. A resilient washer 80 is received within the open end of the retainer 76.
When the filter cartridge 18 is inserted onto the base 12, the washer 80 spaces the lower end of the cartridge upward from the base, as illustrated in Figure 2. Thus, an annular space 82 is formed between the upper radial face of the screens 70 and the lower radial face of the cartridge 18. Oil discharged from the cartridge 18 flows into the space 82 and downward through the screens 70. After passing through the screens, the oil enters the network of channels and flows to the outlet 24.
To insert the filter cartridge 18, the collar 20 is removed from the filter assembly and the canister 16 is lifted from the base 12. If a used cartridge 18 is in the filter 10, the cartridge will remain in the canister 16 after removal. Awire handle (not shown) engages the upper radial face of the cartridge 18 and extends downward through the hollow core thereof. The handle may be used to pull the cartridge from the canister.
For inserting a new cartridge 18, the user should make sure that the ring 54, the screen 70, the retainer 76 and the washer 80 are in place. Additionally, the user should remove any debris for other material which may clog either the screens 70 or the outlet channels 64, 66.
After cleaning, a metal sealing ring 84 is placed on the outer oblique surface of the annular flange 36, as illustrated in Figure 2. A new cartridge 18 is then inserted about the central shaft 14 and urged downward until its lower end engages the washer 80. At that time, the annular flange 36 will penetrate into the lower end of the cartridge 18 to displace its outer edge radially outward. Similarly, the cylindrical wall 78 of the retainer 76 penetrates into the lower end of the cartridge at its inner edge to seal the cartridge against the shaft 14 and prevent channelling.
The canister 16 is then placed aboutthe cartridge 18 and sealed to the base 12 by the collar 20. The lower edge of the cartridge 18 which has been outwardly displaced seals against the inner wall of the cannister to prevent oil from channelling between the wall and the cartridge.
Thus, an oil tight enclosure is formed which is adapted to direct the incoming flow of oil upward through the central shaft 14 to a space 86 formed between the upper radial face of the filter cartridge 18 and the top of the canister. The oil distributes evenly across the upper radial surface of the cartridge and flows downward until reaching the lower end of the cartridge. The annular flange 36, together with the oil sealing ring 34, prevent the channel flow of oil downward between the outer surface of the cartridge 18 and the cylindrical wall 48 of the canister. The retainer 76 prevents the channel flow of oil downward between the inner core of the filter cartridge 18 and the shaft 14. The oil then flows into the space 82 formed in the base flowing outward through the outlet port 24.
Although the best mode contemplated for carrying out the present invention has been herein shown and described, it will be apparent that modification and variation may be made without departing from what is regarded to be the subject matter of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (2)

1. An oil filter (10) including a tubular filter element (8) having a hollow core, a base (12) having an inlet port (22), an outlet port (24) and a hollow central shaft (14) projecting upward therefrom, and a canister (16) for sealing against the base (12) to form an oil-tight enclosure about the filter element (18), said oil filter being characterized by: an annular flange (36) projecting upward from the base (12) near the outer edge thereof and engaging the filter cartridge (18) to form a seal, whereby channel flow between the filter cartridge and the canister is prevented; and a cup-shaped retainer (38) disposed about the central shaft (14) and having a cylindrical wall penetrating into the lower end of the filter cartridge (18), whereby channel flow between the filter cartridge and the central shaft is prevented.
2. An oil filter substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. An oil filter (10) as in claim 1, further characterized by: a collar (20) extending about the lower circumference of the canister and about the base (12), said collar having means (60,61) for tightening about the canister and the base to form a tight seal therebetween.
3. An oil filter as in claim 1, further characterized in that said base (12) has a plurality of channels (64, 66) formed therein for collecting the oil discharged from the filter element (18) and discharging said oil to the outlet (24).
New claims or amendments to claims filed on 2nd February 1982 Superseded claims 1,2 and 3 New or amended claims:- 1 and 2
1. An oil filter including atubular filter element having a hollow core, a base having an inlet port, an outlet port, a hollow central shaft projecting upward therefrom and a radial flange, and a canister having a lower lip for sealing against the base to form an oil-tight enclosure about the filter element, said oil filter being characterized by:: an annular flange projecting upward from the base near the outer edge thereof and having a sharp peak at its upper end, said flange penetrating the filter element to form an annular indentation spacedinward from its outer periphery, whereby channel flow between the filter cartridge and the canister is prevented; a cup-shaped retainer disposed about the central shaft and having a cylindrical wall spaced-outward from the central shaft and penetrating into the lower end of the filter cartridge, whereby channel flow between the filter cartridge and the central shaft is prevented; ; a collar extending about the lower circumference of the canister and about the base, said collar having an inner channel adapted to encompass and urge together the lower lip on the canister and the radial flange on the base and means for tightening the channel about the canister and the base to form a tight seal therebetween; and said base further characterized by having a plurality of radial and annular channels formed therein and defining a network for collecting the oil discharged from the filter element and discharging said oil to the outlet.
GB8108240A 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Improved axial flow oil filter Expired GB2094652B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8108240A GB2094652B (en) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Improved axial flow oil filter
HK128/86A HK12886A (en) 1981-03-17 1986-02-20 Improved axial flow oil filter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8108240A GB2094652B (en) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Improved axial flow oil filter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2094652A true GB2094652A (en) 1982-09-22
GB2094652B GB2094652B (en) 1985-01-09

Family

ID=10520428

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8108240A Expired GB2094652B (en) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Improved axial flow oil filter

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GB (1) GB2094652B (en)
HK (1) HK12886A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2193112A (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-03 Malcolm Cole Limited Filter unit
US4869820A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-09-26 Gary Karlin Filter apparatus for fluids with co-axially stacked filter elements
GB2218919A (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-29 Pall Corp Filter
US5290445A (en) * 1988-05-27 1994-03-01 Pall Corporation Filtering apparatus
AU656710B3 (en) * 1991-10-23 1995-02-09 Filter Technology Australia Pty Limited Oil filter element
AU656709B3 (en) * 1991-10-23 1995-02-09 Filter Technology Australia Pty Limited A method of manufacturing a filter element
US7964099B2 (en) * 2008-10-22 2011-06-21 Te-Hsing Wang Water filtering device
US10293296B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2019-05-21 MANN+HUMMEL Filtration Technology Group Inc. Filter

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2193112A (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-03 Malcolm Cole Limited Filter unit
GB2193112B (en) * 1986-07-31 1989-12-20 Malcolm Cole Limited Filter unit
US4869820A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-09-26 Gary Karlin Filter apparatus for fluids with co-axially stacked filter elements
GB2218919A (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-29 Pall Corp Filter
GB2218919B (en) * 1988-05-27 1993-01-13 Pall Corp Filtering apparatus
US5290445A (en) * 1988-05-27 1994-03-01 Pall Corporation Filtering apparatus
AU656710B3 (en) * 1991-10-23 1995-02-09 Filter Technology Australia Pty Limited Oil filter element
AU656709B3 (en) * 1991-10-23 1995-02-09 Filter Technology Australia Pty Limited A method of manufacturing a filter element
US10293296B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2019-05-21 MANN+HUMMEL Filtration Technology Group Inc. Filter
US11517845B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2022-12-06 MANN+HUMMEL Filtration Technology US LLC Filter
US11964227B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2024-04-23 MANN+HUMMEL Filtration Technology US LLC Filter
US7964099B2 (en) * 2008-10-22 2011-06-21 Te-Hsing Wang Water filtering device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2094652B (en) 1985-01-09
HK12886A (en) 1986-02-28

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee