GB2087424A - Gasification System - Google Patents
Gasification System Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2087424A GB2087424A GB8134582A GB8134582A GB2087424A GB 2087424 A GB2087424 A GB 2087424A GB 8134582 A GB8134582 A GB 8134582A GB 8134582 A GB8134582 A GB 8134582A GB 2087424 A GB2087424 A GB 2087424A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- gasification
- generator
- gas
- recycling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/06—Continuous processes
- C10J3/14—Continuous processes using gaseous heat-carriers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1253—Heating the gasifier by injecting hot gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
- C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
- C10J2300/1869—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being air, oxygen or ozone
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
In a gasification system, primarily for biomass, a feedstock is gasified in a reactor fed with gas from an hot gas generator. The gas inlet to the reactor (4) is supplemented with CO2 which may be fed direct to the generator (6) or to a burner (30) which is part of the generator (6). The CO2 in the gas can enhance the gasification efficiency by carbon fixation. The invention also contemplates various recycling means for the gaseous reaction product from the reactor (4) which permit control of the reaction and nature of the product. Such recycling can be from immediately downstream of the reaction (4), or from a downstream treatment stage (14,18) in which the gaseous product is cleaned. Such cleaned gas can for example be used to fire the burner (30). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Gasification System
The present invention relates to a gasification system, primarily for biomass substances such as agricultural and animal wastes, forest waste, energy crops, tree bark, straw, corn husks, algal and other aquatic growth. Depending on the precise nature of the process, other more general and industrial waste products can be incorporated, such as plastics materials and rubbers. The process can also be used in the gasification of other hydrocarbon products such as coal or D.R.D.F.
A primary aim of the present invention is to provide an efficient gasification system which affords optimum utilization of the feedstock material with minimum input of additional or auxiliary constituents. While such additional constituents can be used in systems of the invention, the intention is that the cost thereof is at least balanced by increased efficiency resulting therefrom.
According to the invention, a gasification system has a gasification reactor with an inlet for feedstock and outlets for solid and gaseous reaction products; and an hot gas generator comprising a burner and inlets for fuel, oxygen and carbon dioxide, the gas generator being coupled to the reactor for feeding hot gas thereto.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a process which can operate at high temperatures and pressures while permitting adequate control of the reaction to produce the required product.
Another system according to the invention is based on a reactor fed with the gasifying medium from an hot gas generator, in which the gaseous products form the reactor can be recycled to control the temperature in the reactor, and the nature of the reaction and final product. In one embodiment, a portion of the gaseous reactor product is made available for selective recycling, while another portion passes to a scrubber from whence it is discharged for export. Some of the cleaned gas from the scrubber may also be recycled to various system stages, allowing close control of the operating parameters.
The invention will now be described by way of exampie and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing which is a flow diagram showing the system stages in the gasification process.
In the system illustrated, a feedstock is delivered via a lock hopper 2 to a reactor 4. The gasifying medium is fed from a generator 6 to the reactor 4 along line 8. The solid products from the reactor 4 (ash or slag) are discharged via a conveyor 10 and a lock hopper 12.
A portion of the gaseous products from the reactor 4 pass to a scrubber 14, whose temperature is at least in part controlled by recirculating liquor therein. The amount of recirculating liquor is controlled by make-up and take-off connections 56 and 58. The liquor is recycled by a pump 1 6 through a heat exchanger 1 8. The cleaned gas is split into an export gas product fraction for subsequent processing; i.e., synthesis gas to methanol, delivered through valve 20, and a recycling fraction which can be selectively recycled to the scrubber inlet along line 22 through valve 24; to the generator 6 along line 26 through valve 28; and to the generator burner 30, along line 32 through valve 34. Pumps 36 and a bypass valve 38 are included to monitor the flow.
Provision is also made for recycling a portion of the gaseous reactor products direct to the generator 6 along line 40 via valve 42. The generator may also be supplied with steam injected along line 44. This may be mixed with recycled gas from line 40 at valve 46. The steam is supplied from a high pressure superheater arrangement, indicated generally at 48, via a venturi. This permits a reduction in steam consumption due to steam being present downstream of the reactor. Where some of the product gas is burnt, it also adds to the thermal efficiency of the system as the heat is not rejected by cooling the scrubber liquor.
The burner 30 is shown with CO2 and air or O2 inlets at 50 and 52 in addition to the product gas inlet from valve 34, although other forms of burner may be used. The CO2 is injected via a vapouriser/preheater 54 and assists in the fixation of carbon by changing the CO2/CO ratio in the reactor 4. The CO2 may also be injected directly to the generator or the outlet therefrom to mix and react with the hot gas fed to the reactor 4. The
CO2 offers an effective means by which the gasification efficiency can be improved; for example, the Methyl hydroxide yield from the reactor can increase as a result thereof.
The illustrated system can operate under a variety of conditions. A typical arrangement has valves 28, 34 and 42 closed whereby steam passes through the system and out through valve 20. All the gaseous reactor products can thus be continuously removed. By opening valves 28 and 34, and air or O2 inlet 52, the temperature in the reactor 4 can be increased by combusting some of the recycled product gas. The system described can thus be operated at high temperatures, of the order of 500 to 1 2000C and at pressures of up to 30 bars.
Claims
1. A gasification system having a gasification reactor with an inlet for feedstock and outlets for solid and gaseous reaction products; and an hot gas generator comprising a burner and inlets for fuel, oxygen and carbon dioxide, the gas generator being coupled to the reactor for feeding hot gas thereto.
2. A gasification system according to Claim 1 wherein the inlet for carbon dioxide is to the burner.
3. A system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the carbon dioxide inlet is coupled to a preheater for the carbon dioxide.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (18)
1. A gasification system having a gasification reactor with an inlet for feedstock and outlets for solid and gaseous reaction products; and an hot gas generator comprising a burner and inlets for fuel, oxygen and carbon dioxide, the gas generator being coupled to the reactor for feeding hot gas thereto.
2. A gasification system according to Claim 1 wherein the inlet for carbon dioxide is to the burner.
3. A system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the carbon dioxide inlet is coupled to a preheater for the carbon dioxide.
4. A system according to Claim 3 wherein the preheater is a vapouriser preheater.
5. A system according to any preceding Claim including a source of steam for injection into the gas generator.
6. A system according to Claim 5 wherein the steam source includes a superheater.
7. A system according to any preceding Claim including means for recycling a portion of the gaseous reaction product from the reactor to the hot gas generator.
8. A system according to Claim 5 or Claim 6, and Claim 7 wherein said recycling means are coupled with the source of steam to inject a mixture of steam and the gaseous reaction product to the gas generator.
9. A system according to any preceding Claim including a downstream treatment stage for the gaseous reaction product from the reactor, which stage comprises a scrubber and means for recycling liquor therein; and an outlet for cleaned gas therefrom.
10. A system according to Claim 9 including means for recycling at least a part of the cleaned gas from the scrubber within the system.
11. A system according to Claim 10 including means for using such recycled cleaned gas as fuel for the generator burner.
12. A system according to Claim 10 or Claim 11 wherein said recycling means includes means for recycling such cleaned gas to at least one of the gas generator and the scrubber inlet for gaseous reaction product.
13. A gasification system substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawing.
14. A gasification system having a gasification reactor with an inlet for feedstock and outlets for solid and gaseous reaction products; an hot gas generator coupled to the reactor for feeding hot gas to the reactor; a downstream treatment stage for cleaning the gaseous reaction product from the reactor; and means for recycling cleaned gas from the down-stream treatment stage to at least one of the gas generator and the inlet to the downstream treatment stage.
1 5. A gasification system according to Claim 14 wherein the hot gas generator includes a gas burner, and wherein the fuel inlet to the burner is coupled to the recycling means.
1 6. A gasification system having a gasification reactor with an inlet for feedstock and outlets for solid and gaseous reaction products; an hot gas generator coupled to the reactor for feeding hot gas to the reactor; and means for recycling at least a part of the gaseous reaction product from the reactor to the hot gas generator.
1 7. A gasification system according to Claim 1 6 including a source of steam coupled to the recycling means for mixing steam with such recycled gaseous reaction product.
18. A gasification system according to any of
Claims 14 to 1 7 including means for feeding carbon dioxide to the hot gas generator.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8134582A GB2087424B (en) | 1980-11-17 | 1981-11-17 | Gasification system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8036863 | 1980-11-17 | ||
GB8134582A GB2087424B (en) | 1980-11-17 | 1981-11-17 | Gasification system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2087424A true GB2087424A (en) | 1982-05-26 |
GB2087424B GB2087424B (en) | 1984-10-17 |
Family
ID=26277543
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8134582A Expired GB2087424B (en) | 1980-11-17 | 1981-11-17 | Gasification system |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2087424B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0568997A1 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-10 | Proler Environmental Services,,Inc. | Method and apparatus for gasifying organic materials |
WO1996040843A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | Hylsa S.A. De C.V. | Method and apparatus for gasification of organic materials |
US5851246A (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1998-12-22 | Hylsa, S.A. De C.V. | Apparatus for gasifying organic materials |
US6149773A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 2000-11-21 | Waste Gas Technology Limited | Generation of electricity from waste material |
-
1981
- 1981-11-17 GB GB8134582A patent/GB2087424B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0568997A1 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-10 | Proler Environmental Services,,Inc. | Method and apparatus for gasifying organic materials |
US5656044A (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1997-08-12 | Hylsa S.A. De C.V. | Method and apparatus for gasification of organic materials |
US5851246A (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1998-12-22 | Hylsa, S.A. De C.V. | Apparatus for gasifying organic materials |
US6149773A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 2000-11-21 | Waste Gas Technology Limited | Generation of electricity from waste material |
WO1996040843A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | Hylsa S.A. De C.V. | Method and apparatus for gasification of organic materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2087424B (en) | 1984-10-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |