GB2081774A - Water swellable clay composition - Google Patents
Water swellable clay composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2081774A GB2081774A GB8018060A GB8018060A GB2081774A GB 2081774 A GB2081774 A GB 2081774A GB 8018060 A GB8018060 A GB 8018060A GB 8018060 A GB8018060 A GB 8018060A GB 2081774 A GB2081774 A GB 2081774A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- water
- bentonite
- lignosulphonate
- swellable clay
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
A composition for forming a water barrier in the ground resistant to water contaminants comprises bentonite and a lignosulphonate.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Water swellable clay composition
The present invention relates to a composition which, when incorporated with soil, sand, clay and the like forms a system which is substantially impervious to water.
In order to prevent water seeping from ponds, reservoirs and the like it has been the practice to incorporate a water-swellable bentonite into the soil forming the base of the pond, etc. The bentonite on swelling after contact with water forms a seal preventing seepage of water. However if the water is contaminated with industrial waste, chemicals from the waste, particularly water-soluble salts, often cause breakdown of the bentonite and a failure of its swelling capability.
Surprisingly we have found that if the bentonite or another water swellable clay is mixed with lignosulphonate it retains its ability to render soil resistant to water seepage even when that water is contaminated with chemicals such as water-soluble salts, acids or alkalis.
Accordingly the present invention provides a composition comprising a water-swellable clay and a lignosulphonate. Such compositions are capable of preventing water seeping through soil and the like when incorporated therewith. Preferably the clay is a bentonite.
Typical of the lignosulphonates which may be used are the lignosulphonates of chromium, iron, ferrochromium, ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium, aluminium, zinc, etc.
Suitable bentonites include calcium bentonite, magnesium bentonite, iron bentonite but preferably a sodium bentonite is used.
The amount of lignosulphonate in the composition may be from 1% /ó to 5% by weight based on the weight of the bentonite or other clay.
The compositions of the present invention may be made by grinding the ingredients together or by mixing the powdered ingredients in a powder blender.
The invention includes a method of forming a water barrier comprising applying a composition as described to an area of ground, whether on the surface or beneath.
The composition of the present invention may be used as a grout in which case immediately before use the composition may be mixed with 5 to 15% by weight of water and the resulting grout may be injected under pressure into a porous stratum or fissure.
In another method of application the composition of the present invention is either mixed with soil or the like or placed as a layer 2 to 5 inches thick on the ground or under a layer of soil. Preferably the bentonite is then wetted with uncontaminated water although, if desired, the bentonite can be wetted before application to the soil. Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides a composition as described above in combination with soil or a composition as described above resting on or sandwiched between two layers of soil.
Finally, if desired a composition of the present invention may be contained between two spaced sheets to form a panel which can be used to construct a suitable water impermeable barrier. The sheets may be made from, for example, cardboard.
The following example is given to illustrate the present invention.
EXAMPLE
100 parts by weight of bentonite and x parts by weight of lignosulphonate were mixed in a continuous centrifugal dry mixture. The value of x and the cationic constituent of the lignosulphonate are given in the table below.
Tests of the effectiveness of the mixture were carried out using perspex tube 1 52 cms long and 7 cms internal diameter open at its top end and partly closed at its bottom end by a layer of cotton wool resting on a bung penetrated by an outlet tube. A level bed of sand is placed on the cotton wool and on the sand the bentonite/lignosulphonate mixture at a rate of 5 kg/sq M. The mixture was wetted with water and covered with another bed of sand. The column was then filled with water and left to stand for 2 days until the bentonite was completely wet whereupon the water was replaced by a 10% by weight solution of common salt to a depth of 1350 cms. The level of the solution was measured and the drop recorded. The results are recorded in the table.
TABLE
Drop in cms after No. of weeks Nature of Lignosulphonate x 1 2 3 4 5 Ferrochrome 3 1.5 3 4.0 4.5 7 Calcium 1 4.5 7 Calcium 2 1.5 3 5 Calcium 3 1.5 3 4.5 5 7.5 None 0 1.5 4 11 12 14
Claims (6)
1. A composition comprising a water swellable clay and a lignosulphonate.
2. A composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the clay is a bentonite.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1 and claim 2 containing 1 to 5% by weight of lignosulphonate base and the weight of clay.
4. A composition as claimed in claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described in any run of the
Example.
5. A method of forming a water barrier comprising applying to an area of ground a composition as claimed in claim 1.
6. A panel comprising a composition as claimed in claim 1 contained between two opposed sheets.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8018060A GB2081774A (en) | 1980-06-03 | 1980-06-03 | Water swellable clay composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8018060A GB2081774A (en) | 1980-06-03 | 1980-06-03 | Water swellable clay composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2081774A true GB2081774A (en) | 1982-02-24 |
Family
ID=10513779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8018060A Withdrawn GB2081774A (en) | 1980-06-03 | 1980-06-03 | Water swellable clay composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2081774A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10036513B2 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2018-07-31 | Red Leaf Resources, Inc. | Gas transport composite barrier |
-
1980
- 1980-06-03 GB GB8018060A patent/GB2081774A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10036513B2 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2018-07-31 | Red Leaf Resources, Inc. | Gas transport composite barrier |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Bucher et al. | Bentonite as a containment barrier for the disposal of highly radioactive wastes | |
| US4473477A (en) | Method of organic waste disposal | |
| EP0059625B1 (en) | Waterproofing soil | |
| UA34475C2 (en) | Clay-containing mixture, method for gel formation using clay-containing mixture, means for reservoir waterproofing, method for dump sealing | |
| US4997695A (en) | Clay mixture having contamination resistance | |
| CA1225017A (en) | Isolation of noxious materials in soil layers | |
| EP0717152B1 (en) | Water seepage-preventing sealant with plasticity | |
| US5915881A (en) | Method and composition of a clay slurry capping system for landfill and mineral waste areas | |
| EP0125680B1 (en) | Process for making an under ground layer of sand or gravel sand water-tight | |
| GB2081774A (en) | Water swellable clay composition | |
| DE4005839A1 (en) | MINERAL BASE SEALING OF A WASTE DISCHARGE | |
| KR100356344B1 (en) | Founding method of wall for blocking a leachate from a buried wastes | |
| US4647259A (en) | Sealing ponds and reservoirs by natural materials | |
| RU2340727C1 (en) | Protective hydraulic insulating screen | |
| JPH03202188A (en) | Fixation of soil in polluted area containing harmful substance | |
| DE4322331A1 (en) | Process for immobilising pollutants of an inorganic or organic nature present in materials | |
| KR102628691B1 (en) | Salt and Pollution Resistant Bentonite Composition, Waterproof Mat For Above Bentonite Composition And Method For Manufacturing The Same | |
| RU2162918C1 (en) | Method of eliminating drillings accumulation pit | |
| SAI et al. | Barrier wall materials for containment of Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) | |
| JP2818059B2 (en) | Waterproofing agent | |
| JPH0554637B2 (en) | ||
| HU213447B (en) | Insulating mass for insulation and lining of containers for storage agressive leaking liquids | |
| KR100247119B1 (en) | The preparation process of the waterproof wall preventing water-permeation for waste-reclamation plant | |
| RU1808909C (en) | Method for construction of a settler-absorber pit | |
| Keith | Characterization and permeability of sepiolite, palygorskite, and other commercial clays and their applicability for use as impermeable barriers in waste disposal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |