GB2068406A - Production of bitumen grades - Google Patents
Production of bitumen grades Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2068406A GB2068406A GB8003204A GB8003204A GB2068406A GB 2068406 A GB2068406 A GB 2068406A GB 8003204 A GB8003204 A GB 8003204A GB 8003204 A GB8003204 A GB 8003204A GB 2068406 A GB2068406 A GB 2068406A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pen
- bitumen
- sof
- sulphur
- ductility
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
- C10C3/02—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by chemical means reaction
- C10C3/023—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by chemical means reaction with inorganic compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
A variety of bitumen grades having penetrations from 0 to 220 can be prepared by treating a feed bitumen, e.g. vacuum residue or heavy residue, with 0.5 to 10% by weight of added sulphur at 170 to 280 DEG C for 30 minutes to 5 hours, with varying rates of stirring.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Production of bitumen grades
The present invention relates to the production of a wide range of bitumen or asphalt grades.
It is known to produce different grades of bitumen or asphalt having different penetration by the air-blowing process. However, this process has a number of disadvantages, for example there is a risk of explosion, and relatively high temperatures and contact times are required.
The present invention seeks to provide an alternative method for producing a variety of different grades of bitumen or asphalt which preferably avoids, partially or completely, disadvantages of the airblowing process.
We have found that good results can be achieved by the addition of relatively low proportions of sulphur to an asphalt or bitumen.
According to the invention in a preferred embodiment therefore a process for the production of a bitumen having a penetration of from 0 to 220 comprises treating the bitumen with from 0.5 to 10% by weight of added sulphur at elevated temperature.
Preferably the bitumen is freated with sulphur at a temperature of from 1 70 to 2800C and it is desirable for this treatment to be carried out at such a temperature for a substantial period of time, suitably for from 30 minutes to 5 hours depending on the grade of bitumen required. During the treatment the mixture of bitumen and sulphur is preferably vigorously stirred and use of a rotating stirrer having a rotation speed of from 50 to 100 to 2000 rpm has been found to be particularly satisfactory.
The treatment can be carried out in a continuous flow reactor or in a batch reactor. The bitumen can be added to the reactor initially, followed by the sulphur. The bitumen may for example be a vacuum residue or a heavy residue and the sulphur can be employed in solid or liquid form.
By adjustment of the various parameters, sulphur content, treatment temperature, amount of stirring and contact time, it is possible to provide a wide variety of bitumen products of different penetration, softening point and ductility. Generally speaking an increase in the amount of stirring reduces the penetration and increases the softening point, as do an increase in the contact time, an increase in the amount of sulphur and a decrease in the treatment temperature. The ductility is usually only affected, i.e. decreased, at relatively long contact times and high stirring rates.
As compared to the known air-blowing process, the process according to the present invention has in its preferred embodiment the advantages of a lower explosive risk, a lower treatment temperature and a lower contact risk. It also provides a use for the sulphur which is frequently available as a surplus by-product in refining operations. It does have the disadvantage that some hydrogen sulphide may be generated which will cause environmental pollution to some extent if not controlled.
Therefore it may be desirable to take steps to prevent uncontrolled emission of H2S.
Experimental Results
The following Tables 1-10 are representative of work which has been carried out on the treatment of bitumens with sulphur at a range of sulphur contents from to 5%, range of contact times from 30 to 120 minutes, and range of stirring speeds from 192 to 850 rpm at temperatures of 2200C and 2400 C. In each Table the penetration, softening point (in OC) and ductility are given for the product obtained. These properties, the rheological properties of the product, are recommended by ASTM as standard tests for bituminous material.
TABLE 1
Sulphur ratio = 1%
Temperature = 220 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 193 39.5 150 199 39.5 150 170 40.5 150 147 42 150 45 min 190 39.5 150 199 39.5 150 148 42.5 150 108 45 150 60 min 189 39.5 150 191 40 150 118 44 150 89 47 150 75 min 184 39.5 150 179 40.5 150 97 46.5 150 75 49 150 90 min 180 39.5 150 167 41 150 72 50.5 150 60 53 150 105 min 174 39.5 150 145 41.5 150 56 53.5 150 49 56.9 103 120 min 164 39.5 150 131 42 150 47 57 150 40 59.5 91 TABLE 2
Sulphur ratio = 2%
Temperature = 220 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 140 41 150 141 41 150 101 45.5 150 75 48 150 45 min 152 41.5 150 139 41.5 150 73 49 150 58 51 150 60 min 149 42 150 127 42 150 57 52.5 150 46 54 150 75 min 146 42.5 150 116 42.5 150 44 55 150 33 58 104 90 min 143 43 150 115 43 150 36 58.5 118 24 62.5 41 105 min 140 43.5 150 111 44 150 27 64 73.5 18 67 21 120 min 142 44 150 105 44.5 150 21 71 36 14 71.5 9 TABLE 3
Sulphur ratio = 3%
Temperature = 220 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point. Ductility Pen. Point. Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 117 43 150 108 42.5 150 131 42.5 150 133 33 150 45 min 115 43.5 150 102 43 150 110 45.5 150 100 45 150 60 min 114 44 150 101 43.5 150 88 47.5 150 85 48 150 75 min 112 44.5 150 99 44.5 150 75 50 150 66 61 150 90 min 110 45 150 97 45 150 57 53.5 147 53 54.5 150 105 min 108 45.5 150 96 45.5 150 46 56 137 42 59 129 120 min 103 46 150 89 46 150 40 60.5 94 37 62.5 109 TABLE 4
Sulphur ratio = 4%
Temperature = 220 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 72 46 150 73 47.5 150 58 51 150 64 51 150 45 min 70 46.5 150 71 48 150 52 54.5 150 50 56 150 60 min 69 47 150 70 48.5 150 43 58 138 41.5 59 111 75 min 67 47 150 69 49 150 34 62 90 34 61.5 99 90 min 66 48 450 68 49.5 150 28 66 54 27 85 48 105 min 64 48.5 150 67 50 150 20 70 24 71.5 13 120 min 63 49 150 66 50.5 150 16 76 10 20 78 7 TABLE 5.
Sulphur ratio = 5%
Temperature = 220 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Soft. Soft Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min. 60 51 150 56 52.5 150 44 53.5 146 39 55 150 45 min 58 51.5 150 53 53 150 37 56.5 137 31 60.5 76 60 min 56 52 150 53 53.5 150 28 59 110 25.5 62.5 55 75 min 54 52.5 150 51 54 150 25 62 78 22.5 66 26 90 min 53 53 150 50 54.5 150 20 66 42 20 69.5 11 105 min 52 53.5 150 49 55 150 16 70 16 16 73 88 120 min 52 53.5 150 44 55.5 150 14 73.5 9 12 78 5 TABLE 6
Sulphur ratio = 1%
Temperature = 240 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 520rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 209 37 150 210 38 150 123 44.5 150 95 47 150 45 min 205 37.5 150 207 38.5 150 92 48 150 72 50 150 60 min 200 38 150 200 39 150 74 51 150 45 56 150 75 min 198 38.5 150 190 39.5 150 52 55 150 35 60 113 90 min 194 39 150 180 40 150 35 61 125 28 67 37 105 min 190 39.5 150 171 40.5 150 28 63 40 25 72 5 120 min 185 40 150 161 41 150 23 69 15 17 78 1 TABLE 7
Sulphur ratio = 2%
Temperature = 240 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 150 39 150 147 43 150 110 45 150 97 48.5 150 45 min 147.5 39.5 150 139 43.5 150 88 49 150 76.5 53 150 60 min 144 40 150 132 44 150 68 52 150 45 57 130 75 min 142 40.5 150 126 44.5 150 44 55 150 55 61.5 58 90 min 139 11 150 120 45 150 32 61 60 28 67 30 105 min 125 41.5 150 112 45.5 150 27 65 13 24 71 9 120 min 119 42 150 107 46 150 21 70 10 18.5 82 0 TABLE 8
Sulphur ratio = 3%
Temperature = 240 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 110 42 150 97 44 150 86 46 150 55 51 150 45 min 105 42.5 150 91 44.5 150 66 50 150 37 56 150 60 min 99 43 150 86 45 150 55 52 150 30 60 110 75 min 96 43.5 150 82 45.5 150 40 57 140 25 65 42 90 min 94 44 150 77 46.5 150 32 62 110 15 73 11 105 min 90 44.5 150 72 47 150 24 69 50 12 81 7 120 min 90 45 150 68 150 18 78 5 7.5 92 0 TABLE 9
Sulphur ratio = 4%
Temperature = 240 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 75 47 150 72 47 150 88 47 150 75 48 150 45 min 74 47 150 70 47.5 150 64 51 150 49 54 150 60 min 73 47.5 150 70 48 150 49 54.5 150 43 57 150 75 min 72 48 150 70 48.5 150 38 58.5 133 35 61 100 90 min 71 48.5 150 68.5 49 150 32 63 75 27 66.5 74 105 min 70 48.5 150 68 50 150 20 66 20 22 74 30 120 min 89 49 150 67 51 150 13 78 5 13 83 5 TABLE 10
Sulphur ratio = 5%
Temperature = 240 C
Feed = Vacuum KNPC
SPEED 192rpm 320rpm 626rpm 850rpm Contact Sof. Sof. Sof. Sof.
Time/Min. Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility Pen. Point Ductility 30 min 59 52 150 51 51.5 150 80 48.5 150 87 49 150 45 min 55 52.5 150 50 52 150 55 50.5 150 49 54 150 60 min 52 53 150 50 52 150 46 54 150 35 59 64 75 min 51 53.5 150 49 52.5 150 37 57.5 145 28 64 25 90 min 49 54 150 50 53 150 30 61.5 42 23 70.5 8 105 min 47 54.5 150 49 53 150 27 65 26 18 79 6 120 min 46.5 55 150 48 53 150 22 67 9 10 90 0
Claims (7)
1. A process for the production of a bitumen having a penetration range of from 0 to 220 comprising treating the bitumen with from 0.5 to 10% by weight of added sulphur at elevated temperature.
2. A process according to claim 1 in which the bitumen is treated at a temperature of 1 70 to 280"C.
3. A process according to claim 1 or 2 in which the bitumen to be treated is either vacuum residue or heavy residue.
4. A process according to any of claims 1 to 3 in which the mixture formed by addition of the sulphur to the bitumen is stirred vigorously during the treatment using a rotating stirrer having a rotation speed of from 100 to 2000 rpm.
5. A process according to any of claims 1 to 4 in which the treatment with sulphur at elevated temperature is carried out for a period of from 30 minutes to 5 hours.
6. A process for the production of an improved bitumen by sulphur treatment carried out substantially as described in and with reference to the accompanying Tables 1 to 10.
7. Bitumens with a penetration of O to 220 when produced by a process according to any of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8003204A GB2068406A (en) | 1980-01-30 | 1980-01-30 | Production of bitumen grades |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8003204A GB2068406A (en) | 1980-01-30 | 1980-01-30 | Production of bitumen grades |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2068406A true GB2068406A (en) | 1981-08-12 |
Family
ID=10511012
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8003204A Withdrawn GB2068406A (en) | 1980-01-30 | 1980-01-30 | Production of bitumen grades |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2068406A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4490239A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1984-12-25 | Nippon Oil Company, Limited | Pitch for carbon fibers |
-
1980
- 1980-01-30 GB GB8003204A patent/GB2068406A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4490239A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1984-12-25 | Nippon Oil Company, Limited | Pitch for carbon fibers |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |