GB2065747A - Improvements in or relating to tunnelling - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to tunnelling Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2065747A
GB2065747A GB7940911A GB7940911A GB2065747A GB 2065747 A GB2065747 A GB 2065747A GB 7940911 A GB7940911 A GB 7940911A GB 7940911 A GB7940911 A GB 7940911A GB 2065747 A GB2065747 A GB 2065747A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
shield
shield portion
tunnelling
tunnel
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7940911A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Original Assignee
MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MARKHAM AND CO Ltd filed Critical MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Priority to GB7940911A priority Critical patent/GB2065747A/en
Publication of GB2065747A publication Critical patent/GB2065747A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
    • E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

Shield apparatus (10) comprises a first shield portion (11) the second shield portion (12) and means (15) to move the shield portions relative the one to the other to expand or contract the shield apparatus along the direction of tunnelling. The shield portions (11, 12) telescopically engage the one with the other to provide continuous protection along the length of the shield (10) for all relative separations of the first and second shield portions (11, 12). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to tunnelling The invention relates to apparatus for use in tunnelling or mining.
The invention provides shield apparatus comprising a first shield portion, a second shield portion and means to move the shield portions relatively the one to the other to expand or contract the shield apparatus along the direction of tunnelling, the shield portions telescopically engaging the one with the other to provide continuous protection along the length of the shield for all relative separations of the first and second shield portions.
The term "shield apparatus" used in this specification includes within its scope both a full tunnelling shield which is tubular and a canopy which is, for example, in the form of an arch and provides protection over a tunnel or shaft floor.
Preferably the invention relates to full tunnelling shields.
The means for moving the shield portions relatively the one to the other preferably comprise hydraulic rams.
The first shield portion is preferably the forward shield portion when a tunnel or shaft and may comprise a poling plate and means to move the poling plate relative to the first shield portion along the direction of tunnelling. The poling plate preferably comprises a tail portion arranged to overlap the first shield portion when the poling plates are advanced to provide continuous protection under the first shield portion.
The second shield portion preferably comprises a thrust ring which is expandable to jam the thrust ring in a tunnel or shaft so that the first shield portion can be advanced by extension of the shield portion moving means, and contractable to allow the second shield portion to be advanced by contraction of the shield portion moving means.
The second shield portion preferably comprises a rearwardly extending tail skin for providing protection at the rear of the shield apparatus under which tail skin tunnel or shaft supports may be erected.
By way of example, one embodiment of a shield apparatus according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a sectional view of a full tunnelling shield; Figure 2 is a sectional view along the lines Il-Il of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a sectional view along the lines Ill-Ill of Figure 1; Figures 4 to 7 are diagrammatic views showing the progression of the shield along a tunnel.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a full tunnelling shield 10 comprises a first, forward shield portion 11 and a second, rear shield portion 12. The shield 10 is generally D-shaped in cross-section perpendicular to the election of tunnelling.
The forward shield portion 11 has a tail portion 13 inside which fits a forwardly extending bridge portion 14 of the rear shield portion 12. Hydraulic rams 15 secured at one end to the forward shield portion 11 and at the other end to the bridge portion 14 are operable to alter the separation of the forward and rear shield portions 11 and 12.
The stroke of the rams 1 5 is such that the tail portion 13 of the forward shield portion 11 always overlaps at least a part of the bridge portion 14 to provide continuous protection along the shield 10.
Additionally, the forward shield portion 11 carries a poling plate 1 6 which is slidable relative to the forward shield portion 11 by means of poling plate rams 17 secured at one end to poling plate and at the other end to the forward shield portion 11. The poling plate 16 has a tail portion 1 8 and the stroke of the poling plate rams 17 is such that when the poling plate 1 6 is in a fully forward position relative to the forward shield portion 11 , the tail portion 18 overlaps at least a part of the tail portion 13 of the forward shield portion 11 to provide continuous protection under the shield.
The rear shield portion 12 comprises a thrust ring 19 which is expandable to jam the thrust ring into a tunnel or shaft and contractable to allow the rear shield portion to be moved along the tunnel or shaft. Expansion and contraction of the thrust ring 1 9 is carried out by thrust rams 20 and in order to allow some deformation of the basic D-shape of the thrust ring 19, pivot joints 21 are provided in upright wall members 22. The pivot joints 21 allow the thrust ring 1 9 to be jammed into a tunnel or shaft even where the tunnel or shaft is not cut accurately to the basic cross-section of the thrust ring.
Extending behind the thrust ring 19 is a tail skin 23 which provides a protective canopy under which arches 24 can be erected. An arch erection mechanism generally indicated at 25 is shown in Figure 1 although it will be appreciated that other forms of arch erecters may be used. The arch erecter 25 is supported by the shield 10.
Supported in a pair of U-shaped slides 26 is a tunnel cutting machine 27 of known type. The tunnel cutter 27 is capable of cutting into the material in front of the shield and the material cut from the face of the tunnel is carried away from the face along a conveyor 28.
Figures 4 to 7 show the sequence of movement of the shield 10 as the face of the tunnel or shaft is cut. In Figure 4, the rams 1 5 for separating the forward and rear shield portions are contracted as are the poling rams 1 7. In this position, the tunnel cutting apparatus 27 cuts forward into the tunnel face. The thrust ring 19 is expanded to lock the thrust ring in the tunnel or shaft.
When the tunnel cutting apparatus has cut the face of the tunnel a further distance corresponding to the spacing between adjacent arch supports 24, the poling plate 1 6 is advanced (Figure 5) to the tunnel face. In practice, the spacing between arch supports 24 is generally one meter and thus the poling plate 1 6 is advanced by that distance.
As shown in Figure 6, the rams 1 5 are then extended to push the entire forward shield portion 11 towards the face of the tunnel, it being noted that the bridge portion 14 and the tail portions 13 and 18 provide protection between the forward shield portion 11 and the rear shield portion 12.
Finally, the thrust ring 1 9 is contracted and the rams 15 contracted to pull the thrust ring towards the forward shield portion 11 (Figure 7). At this stage, a further arch support 24 is erected under the protection of the tail skin 23 of the rear shield portion 12 and the sequence of operations is then repeated.

Claims (8)

1. Shield apparatus comprising a first shield portion, a second shield portion and means to move the shield portions relative the one to the other to expand or contract the shield apparatus along the direction of tunnelling, the shield portions telescopically engaging the one with the other to provide protection along the length of the shield for all relative separations of the first and second shield portions.
2. Shield apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in the form of a full tunnelling shield.
3. Shield apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the means for moving the shield portions relatively the one to the other comprise hydraulic rams.
4. Shield apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the first shield portion is the forward shield portion when in a tunnel or shaft, the first shield portion comprising a poling plate and means to move the poling plate relative to the first shield portion along the direction of tunnelling.
5. Shield apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein the poling plate comprises a tail portion arranged to overlap the first shield portion when the poling plates are advanced to provide continuous protection under the first shield portion.
6. Shield apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the second shield portion comprises a thrust ring which is expandable to jam the thrust ring in a tunnel or shaft so that the first shield portion can be advanced by extension of the shield portion moving means, and contractable to allow the second shield portion to be advanced by contraction of the shield portion moving means.
7. Shield apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the second shield portion comprises a rearwardly extending tail skin for providing protection at the rear of the shield apparatus.
8. Shield apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to as shown in the accompanying drawings.
GB7940911A 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Improvements in or relating to tunnelling Withdrawn GB2065747A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940911A GB2065747A (en) 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Improvements in or relating to tunnelling

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940911A GB2065747A (en) 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Improvements in or relating to tunnelling

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2065747A true GB2065747A (en) 1981-07-01

Family

ID=10509436

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7940911A Withdrawn GB2065747A (en) 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Improvements in or relating to tunnelling

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2065747A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4874267A (en) * 1986-12-18 1989-10-17 James Howden & Company Limited Tunnel boring machine
GB2258481A (en) * 1991-08-08 1993-02-10 Cogema Mining an underground deposit
US6431653B1 (en) * 1997-05-27 2002-08-13 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH Tunnel-boring machine and method of using the same
US11434762B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2022-09-06 Drilling Technical Services (Pty) Ltd Mobile underground tunnel borer arrangement

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4874267A (en) * 1986-12-18 1989-10-17 James Howden & Company Limited Tunnel boring machine
GB2258481A (en) * 1991-08-08 1993-02-10 Cogema Mining an underground deposit
GB2258481B (en) * 1991-08-08 1995-06-07 Cogema A method for working an underground deposit by means of a tunneling machine
US6431653B1 (en) * 1997-05-27 2002-08-13 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH Tunnel-boring machine and method of using the same
US11434762B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2022-09-06 Drilling Technical Services (Pty) Ltd Mobile underground tunnel borer arrangement

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)