GB2063209A - Cylinder wound from strands - Google Patents
Cylinder wound from strands Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2063209A GB2063209A GB8004903A GB8004903A GB2063209A GB 2063209 A GB2063209 A GB 2063209A GB 8004903 A GB8004903 A GB 8004903A GB 8004903 A GB8004903 A GB 8004903A GB 2063209 A GB2063209 A GB 2063209A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- hollow body
- longitudinal axis
- rotor
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/08—Centrifuges for separating predominantly gaseous mixtures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
- B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
- B04B7/085—Rotary bowls fibre- or metal-reinforced
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
- B29C70/205—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres the structure being shaped to form a three-dimensional configuration
- B29C70/207—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres the structure being shaped to form a three-dimensional configuration arranged in parallel planes of fibres crossing at substantial angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
- F16C3/026—Shafts made of fibre reinforced resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A cylindrical hollow body, e.g. the rotor of a gas ultra centrifuge, comprises at least one layer of fibre strands (3) which cross over each other and at least one second layer (1, 4) of fibre strands running circumferentially, the layer (4) being radially outermost. In order to obtain a high extension braking point without increasing body distortion at least a further layer (2) of fibre strands is provided in which the fibres run substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body, and the angle ( alpha ) between the longitudinal axis and the crossed fibre strands of the said one layer (3) is +/-45 DEG . <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Cylindrical hollow body formed from fibrereinforced material
The invention relates to a cylindrical hollow body formed from fibre-reinforced material intended for fast rotation about its longitudinal axis and comprising at least one layer of fibres which cross over each other and which are inclined at the same angle to the longitudinal axis of the hollow body in both directions of cross over and at least one second layer of fibre strands running circumferentially, which layer is radially outermost.
In known fast-rotating cylindrical hollow bodies the crossed-over fibres extend at an angle of about + 250 to the longitudinal axis of the body. This angle produces the optimum rigidity of the hollow body when continuous winding is used, and it is
assumed that stresses occuring in the matrix during rotation will not lead to the formation of crack of creep. However tests have shown that the risk of crack formation in the matrix is very great when the fiber strands are inclined at an angle of less than + 250 to the longitudinal axis of the hollow body.
This danger of crack formation was however be reduced by using a matrix construction having a relatively high extension breaking point, but this has the disadvantage that the distortion of the hollow body is disproportionately large after long use.
The object of the invention is to arrange the fibre strands of the hollow body in such a way that a matrix construction with a relatively high extension breaking point can be used without increasing the distortion of the hollow body after long use in comparison with the distortion of known hollow bodies.
When a tube is loaded with a transverse force, in the neutral axis the normal stress a is zero and the shear stress T is a maximum, whereas at the periphery the shear stress T is zero and the normal stress a is a maximum. The object of the invention is achieved through a recognition of these facts by providing at least one further layer of fibre strands and by inclining the crossed fibres strands in the one layer at + 450 to the longitudinal axis of the hollow body.
For a matrix with a relatively high elongation breaking point a cylindrical hollow body was built with a so-called longitudinal layer of + 250 and a cylindrical hollow body was built with a longitudinal layer of + 50 and a diagonal layer of i 450, the elongation breaking point of the two hollow bodies was then compared. An angle of + 50 and not an angle of 00 was choser for the longitudinal layer for constructional reasons. After a few hours the hollow body with the longitudinal layer of + 250 displayed a high distortion (up to 0.9 mm), whereas the hollow body with the longitudinal layer and the diagonal layer displayed a constantly low distortion of about 0.04 mm after approximately 1,000 hours.
By using an additional longitudinal layer and the diagonal layer in the hollow body in accordance with the invention higher imbalances may also be allowed without danger of large distortions.
The cylindrical hollow body according to the invention can also be used at high temperatures without affecting its rigidity.
The cylindrical hollow body in accordance with the invention is particularly suitable for use as the rotor tube of a gas ultra centrifuge.
The accompanying drawing shows the layer construction in a rotor built according to the invention for a gas ultra centrifuge. The fibre strands are wound on a spindle in a manner well known to the man skilled in the art. When the wound body has hardened, like spindle is removed. The innermost fibre layer I of the rotor is wound at on.angle of 900 to the longitudinal axis of the rotor. In the next subsequent layer 2 the fibre strands run parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotor. In the next layer 3, the so-called diagonal layer, the fibre strands cross over each other at an angle a of f 450 to the rotor axis. The outermost layer 4 is the socalled circumferential layer.
In an alternative construction the layer 1 is omitted and/or a further circumferentially wound layer is arranged between the layers 2 and 3. In the actual construction of the rotor the separate layers extended of course over the whole rotor length. The layers have been shown stepped merely for a better understanding of the invention.
The use of the invention is not limited to rotor tubes of gas ultra centrifuges. The invention can be used for any fast rotating cylindrical hollow body which is formed from reinforced fibre material.
1. Cylindrical hollow body intended for fast rotation about its longitudinal axis and comprising at least one layer of fibre strands which are crossed and which are inclined at the same angle to the longitudinal axis in both directions of cross over and at least one second layer of fibre strands running circumferentially, which layer is radially outermost characterised in that at least a further layer (2) of fibre strands is provided in which the fibres run substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hollow body and that the angle (cur) between the longitudinal axis of the hollow body and the crossed fibre strands of the one layer (3) is + 450.
2. The use of the cylindrical hollow body according to claim 1 as a rotor tube of a gas ultra centrifuge.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (2)
1. Cylindrical hollow body intended for fast rotation about its longitudinal axis and comprising at least one layer of fibre strands which are crossed and which are inclined at the same angle to the longitudinal axis in both directions of cross over and at least one second layer of fibre strands running circumferentially, which layer is radially outermost characterised in that at least a further layer (2) of fibre strands is provided in which the fibres run substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hollow body and that the angle (cur) between the longitudinal axis of the hollow body and the crossed fibre strands of the one layer (3) is + 450.
2. The use of the cylindrical hollow body according to claim 1 as a rotor tube of a gas ultra centrifuge.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792909393 DE2909393A1 (en) | 1979-03-09 | 1979-03-09 | CYLINDRICAL HOLLOW BODY MADE OF FIBER COMPOSITE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2063209A true GB2063209A (en) | 1981-06-03 |
GB2063209B GB2063209B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
Family
ID=6064999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8004903A Expired GB2063209B (en) | 1979-03-09 | 1980-02-18 | Cylinder wound from strands |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2909393A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2063209B (en) |
NL (1) | NL8001108A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3320605A1 (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1984-12-13 | Schaab, Brigitta, 8950 Kaufbeuren | Deformation element and process for the manufacture thereof |
WO1992021515A1 (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-10 | Rolls-Royce Plc | A fibre reinforced component and a method of manufacturing such a component |
US9962715B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2018-05-08 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Decanter centrifuge and a screw conveyer |
US11840964B2 (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2023-12-12 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Shaft component and method for producing a shaft component |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3116520A1 (en) * | 1981-04-25 | 1982-11-18 | Heraeus-Christ Gmbh, 3360 Osterode | "CENTRIFUGAL ROTOR" |
GB2133499B (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1985-10-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Shafts incorporating fibre-reinforced plastics |
US4738656A (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1988-04-19 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Composite material rotor |
FR2603228B1 (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1989-06-02 | Aerospatiale | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING RIGID LINKS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND LINKS OF ROBOT ARMS INCLUDING APPLICATION. |
JPH07500284A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1995-01-12 | ベックマン インスツルメンツ インコーポレーテッド | Centrifuge mixed sample container |
JPH07329199A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-12-19 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Cylindrical molding of fiber-reinforcing composite material |
AT411787B (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2004-05-25 | Siemens Sgp Verkehrstech Gmbh | HOLLOW SHAFT |
-
1979
- 1979-03-09 DE DE19792909393 patent/DE2909393A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-02-18 GB GB8004903A patent/GB2063209B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-02-22 NL NL8001108A patent/NL8001108A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3320605A1 (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1984-12-13 | Schaab, Brigitta, 8950 Kaufbeuren | Deformation element and process for the manufacture thereof |
WO1992021515A1 (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-10 | Rolls-Royce Plc | A fibre reinforced component and a method of manufacturing such a component |
US9962715B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2018-05-08 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Decanter centrifuge and a screw conveyer |
US11840964B2 (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2023-12-12 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Shaft component and method for producing a shaft component |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL8001108A (en) | 1980-12-31 |
GB2063209B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
DE2909393A1 (en) | 1981-03-12 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |