GB2062713A - Non-Woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants - Google Patents

Non-Woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2062713A
GB2062713A GB7938027A GB7938027A GB2062713A GB 2062713 A GB2062713 A GB 2062713A GB 7938027 A GB7938027 A GB 7938027A GB 7938027 A GB7938027 A GB 7938027A GB 2062713 A GB2062713 A GB 2062713A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
fabric
fibres
oil
range
pad
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7938027A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ILSLEY P
Original Assignee
ILSLEY P
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ILSLEY P filed Critical ILSLEY P
Priority to GB7938027A priority Critical patent/GB2062713A/en
Publication of GB2062713A publication Critical patent/GB2062713A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants which is formed by needling a layer of staple fibres made of oleophilic material and bonded together (preferably by heat). The parameters of the fibre, and of the needling operation, are selected so as to result in a non-woven fabric having a fibrous structure provided by a random orientation of fibres.

Description

SPECIFICATION Non-woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants This invention relates to a non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants.
As is well known, oil pollution is a difficult and expensive problem to be solved, which occurs in a wide variety of environments. These range from small scale, minor oil pollution on the domestic scale e.g. oil spills from a car onto a garage floor, up to large scale ocean or river pollution when crude or other oils are discharged following a marine accident.
The present invention is primarily concerned with providing means for enabling small scale oil pollution to be cleaned up.
One example of a non-woven fabric according to-the invention will now be described in detail.
The fabric is a non-woven fabric which is formed by needling a layer of staple fibres made of oleophilic material and bonded together by a suitable bonding agent.The parameters of the fibre, and of the needling operation, are carefully selected so as to result in a non-woven fabric having a fibrous structure provided by-a random orientation of fibres. The bonding agent is selected so as not to adversely affect the oleophilic properties imparted to the fabric by the fibres i.e. it does not destroy the oil-adsorption properties of the fibres. The preferred bonding agent is heat.
The fabric is formed with a thickness which is sufficient to prevent rupture of the fabric when suspended with a load of oil adhering thereto.
By providing a fibrous structure to the fabric, a very substantial oil-adsorbing surface is provided and the fibres of the fabric have a wicking characteristic i.e. capillary action, which readily adsorbs oil thereto. Accordingly, the fabric is considerably superior to any other known types of fabric i.e. cellular fabrics designed for use in oil removal.
The fabric is light weight, and has a high void percentage, say 80% whereby a substantial volume of oil can be adsorbed into the fabric.
The density of the fabric will be selected, inter alia, according to the viscosity of the oil to be adsorbed, and the fabric may be so structured as to be capable of coping with up to 25 times its own weight of adsorbed oil.
The preferred oleophilic material from which the fibres are made is polypropylene fibre, particularly Hetrofill polypropylene fibre, though other oleophilic materials may be employed, including polyethylene. Cellulosic and other man made fibre material may also be used, but with less effect.
When Hetrofill polypropylene fibre is used, it is preferred that the fibre should have (a) a density in the range 0.90 g/cc to 0.91 gm/cc, and preferably 0.9 gm/cc, and (b) a diameter in the range 1.5 denier per filament to 200 Denier per filament, and preferably finer deniers. It is preferred that the density of the fabric should be in the range 0.035 to 0.044, and preferably 0.04 gm/cc. The manufacture of the non-woven fabric is carried out. preferably by needling, so as to produce a fabric with a void percentage in excess of 80% by volume.
The fibres are staple fibres having a length in the range 50 mm to 200 mm, and preferably 50 mm-1 00 mm and may be crimped or straight stable fibres. The use of crimped fibres is desirable, to produce bulk without density. The fibres may be derived from fibrillated polypropylene.
The fabric may be formed into mats or pads, or supplied in roll form from which suitable sizes of pad can be cut. The pads may be applied to a solid oil-polluted surface, such as wood, concrete, metal or wet sand, or to an oil-polluted liquid surface including water surfaces and chemically polluted water, in which case the pad floates on the liquid and attracts the oil thereto.
In garages, the pad is particularly useful in removing oil spills, either as a pad to be positioned below a leaky engine, or subsequently to remove oil on the floor surface. The pad may also be used semi-permanently in a water environment which is exposed to intermittent oil pollution such as the bilges of a boat. Periodically, the pad may be removed from the bilges, and the adsorbed oil is removed from the pad by a simple squeezing-out action, so that the pad can be reused. The adsorbed oil can be readily removed from the pad in similar manner, in other uses of the pad, to enable the pad to be re-used.
Claims
1. A non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants which is formed by needling a layer of staple fibres made of oleophilic material and bonded together, in which the parameters of the fibre, and of the needling operation, are selected so as to result in a non-woven fabric having a fibrous structure provided by a random orientation of fibres.
2. A fabric according to claim 1, in which the fibres are bonded together by the application of heat.
3. A fabric according to claim 1 or 2, in which the fabric has a void percentage of up to 80%.
4. A fabric according to claim 3, in which the density of the fabric is so selected that the fabric is structured to be capable of adsorbing up to 25 times its own weight of adsorbed oil.
5. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fibres are made of polypropylene or polyethylene.
6. A fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the fibres are made of cellulosic or other man-made fibres.
7. A fabric according to claim 5, in which the fibres are made of Hetrofill polypropylene fibre having (a) a density in the range 0.90 gm/cc to 0.91 gm/cc and preferably 0.9 gm/cc and (b) a diameter in the range 1.5 denier per filament to 200 denier per filament.
8. A fabric according to any one of the
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (9)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Non-woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants This invention relates to a non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants. As is well known, oil pollution is a difficult and expensive problem to be solved, which occurs in a wide variety of environments. These range from small scale, minor oil pollution on the domestic scale e.g. oil spills from a car onto a garage floor, up to large scale ocean or river pollution when crude or other oils are discharged following a marine accident. The present invention is primarily concerned with providing means for enabling small scale oil pollution to be cleaned up. One example of a non-woven fabric according to-the invention will now be described in detail. The fabric is a non-woven fabric which is formed by needling a layer of staple fibres made of oleophilic material and bonded together by a suitable bonding agent.The parameters of the fibre, and of the needling operation, are carefully selected so as to result in a non-woven fabric having a fibrous structure provided by-a random orientation of fibres. The bonding agent is selected so as not to adversely affect the oleophilic properties imparted to the fabric by the fibres i.e. it does not destroy the oil-adsorption properties of the fibres. The preferred bonding agent is heat. The fabric is formed with a thickness which is sufficient to prevent rupture of the fabric when suspended with a load of oil adhering thereto. By providing a fibrous structure to the fabric, a very substantial oil-adsorbing surface is provided and the fibres of the fabric have a wicking characteristic i.e. capillary action, which readily adsorbs oil thereto. Accordingly, the fabric is considerably superior to any other known types of fabric i.e. cellular fabrics designed for use in oil removal. The fabric is light weight, and has a high void percentage, say 80% whereby a substantial volume of oil can be adsorbed into the fabric. The density of the fabric will be selected, inter alia, according to the viscosity of the oil to be adsorbed, and the fabric may be so structured as to be capable of coping with up to 25 times its own weight of adsorbed oil. The preferred oleophilic material from which the fibres are made is polypropylene fibre, particularly Hetrofill polypropylene fibre, though other oleophilic materials may be employed, including polyethylene. Cellulosic and other man made fibre material may also be used, but with less effect. When Hetrofill polypropylene fibre is used, it is preferred that the fibre should have (a) a density in the range 0.90 g/cc to 0.91 gm/cc, and preferably 0.9 gm/cc, and (b) a diameter in the range 1.5 denier per filament to 200 Denier per filament, and preferably finer deniers. It is preferred that the density of the fabric should be in the range 0.035 to 0.044, and preferably 0.04 gm/cc. The manufacture of the non-woven fabric is carried out. preferably by needling, so as to produce a fabric with a void percentage in excess of 80% by volume. The fibres are staple fibres having a length in the range 50 mm to 200 mm, and preferably 50 mm-1 00 mm and may be crimped or straight stable fibres. The use of crimped fibres is desirable, to produce bulk without density. The fibres may be derived from fibrillated polypropylene. The fabric may be formed into mats or pads, or supplied in roll form from which suitable sizes of pad can be cut. The pads may be applied to a solid oil-polluted surface, such as wood, concrete, metal or wet sand, or to an oil-polluted liquid surface including water surfaces and chemically polluted water, in which case the pad floates on the liquid and attracts the oil thereto. In garages, the pad is particularly useful in removing oil spills, either as a pad to be positioned below a leaky engine, or subsequently to remove oil on the floor surface. The pad may also be used semi-permanently in a water environment which is exposed to intermittent oil pollution such as the bilges of a boat. Periodically, the pad may be removed from the bilges, and the adsorbed oil is removed from the pad by a simple squeezing-out action, so that the pad can be reused. The adsorbed oil can be readily removed from the pad in similar manner, in other uses of the pad, to enable the pad to be re-used. Claims
1. A non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants which is formed by needling a layer of staple fibres made of oleophilic material and bonded together, in which the parameters of the fibre, and of the needling operation, are selected so as to result in a non-woven fabric having a fibrous structure provided by a random orientation of fibres.
2. A fabric according to claim 1, in which the fibres are bonded together by the application of heat.
3. A fabric according to claim 1 or 2, in which the fabric has a void percentage of up to 80%.
4. A fabric according to claim 3, in which the density of the fabric is so selected that the fabric is structured to be capable of adsorbing up to 25 times its own weight of adsorbed oil.
5. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fibres are made of polypropylene or polyethylene.
6. A fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the fibres are made of cellulosic or other man-made fibres.
7. A fabric according to claim 5, in which the fibres are made of Hetrofill polypropylene fibre having (a) a density in the range 0.90 gm/cc to 0.91 gm/cc and preferably 0.9 gm/cc and (b) a diameter in the range 1.5 denier per filament to 200 denier per filament.
8. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fabric has a density in the range 0.035 to 0.044 gm/cc and preferably 0.04 gm/cc.
9. A non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants substantially as hereinbefore described.
9. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fibres are staple fibres having a length in the range 50 mm to 200 mm and preferably 50 to 100 mm and may be crimped or straight staple fibres.
10. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fabric is formed into mats or pads, or supplied in roll form.
1 A non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants substantially as hereinbefore described.
New Claims filed on 23-12-80.
Superseded claims 1 to 11.
New or Amended Claims:
1. A non-woven fabric for use in removing oil pollutants which is formed by needling a layer of staple fibres made of oleophilic material so as to provide a fibrous structure having a random orientation of fibres, and bonding the fibres together by the application of heat to produce a fabric having a void percentage of up to 80%.
2. A fabric according to claim 1, in which the density of the fabric is so selected that the fabric is structured to be capable of adsorbing up to 25 times its own weight of adsorbed oil.
3. A fabric according to claim 1 or 2, in which the fibres are made of polypropylene or polyethylene.
4. A fabric according to claims 1 or 2, in which the fibres are made of cellulosic or other manmade fibres.
5. A fabric according to claim 3, in which the fibres are made of Hetrofill polypropylene fibre having (a) a density in the range 0.09 gm/cc to 0.91 gm/cc and preferably 0.9 gm/cc and (b) a diameter in the range 1.5 denier per filament to 200 denier per filament.
6. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fabric has a density in the range 0.035 to 0.044 gm/cc and preferably 0.04 gm/cc.
7. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fibres are staple fibres having a length in the range 50 mm to 200 mm and preferably 50 to 100 mm and may be crimped or straight stable fibres.
8. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fabric is formed into mats or pads, or supplied in roll form.
GB7938027A 1979-11-02 1979-11-02 Non-Woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants Withdrawn GB2062713A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7938027A GB2062713A (en) 1979-11-02 1979-11-02 Non-Woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7938027A GB2062713A (en) 1979-11-02 1979-11-02 Non-Woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2062713A true GB2062713A (en) 1981-05-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7938027A Withdrawn GB2062713A (en) 1979-11-02 1979-11-02 Non-Woven Fabric for Use in Removing Oil Pollutants

Country Status (1)

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GB (1) GB2062713A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2342662A (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-19 Jacob Cowen & Sons Limited Improvements in or relating to oil absorbent materials
EP2397445A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-21 TWE Vliesstoffwerke GmbH & Co. KG Nonwoven
EP2796603A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-10-29 Fairtech Investment Limited Needle-punched non-woven fabric, manufacturing method thereof and filter and sound absorbing material formed thereby
US20160114311A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-04-28 City University Of Hong Kong Sorbent material and a method for enhancing sorption performance thereof

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2342662A (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-19 Jacob Cowen & Sons Limited Improvements in or relating to oil absorbent materials
EP2397445A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-21 TWE Vliesstoffwerke GmbH & Co. KG Nonwoven
EP2796603A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-10-29 Fairtech Investment Limited Needle-punched non-woven fabric, manufacturing method thereof and filter and sound absorbing material formed thereby
CN104204324A (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-12-10 崇鸣投资有限公司 Needle-punched non-woven fabric, manufacturing method thereof and filter and sound absorbing material formed thereby
EP2796603A4 (en) * 2011-12-21 2015-09-02 Fairtech Invest Ltd Needle-punched non-woven fabric, manufacturing method thereof and filter and sound absorbing material formed thereby
CN104204324B (en) * 2011-12-21 2017-08-04 崇鸣投资有限公司 Needle punched non-woven fabrics, its manufacture method and the filter and sound-absorbing material formed by the non-woven fabrics
US20160114311A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-04-28 City University Of Hong Kong Sorbent material and a method for enhancing sorption performance thereof
US9873105B2 (en) * 2014-10-24 2018-01-23 City University Of Hong Kong Sorbent material and a method for enhancing sorption performance thereof

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