GB2062216A - A central heating system having a circulating heating medium - Google Patents
A central heating system having a circulating heating medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2062216A GB2062216A GB8034291A GB8034291A GB2062216A GB 2062216 A GB2062216 A GB 2062216A GB 8034291 A GB8034291 A GB 8034291A GB 8034291 A GB8034291 A GB 8034291A GB 2062216 A GB2062216 A GB 2062216A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- heating
- heating circuit
- parts
- return
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940002865 4-way Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
- G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
- G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1048—Counting of energy consumption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
Abstract
A central heating circuit comprises a plurality of parallel-connected heat consumer parts 16 of the circuit supplied with heating medium from a common heat source 10, the heat energy consumed by each said part being measurable separately. In each said part is a device 42 which maintains constant the total flow- through-dependent resistance of the part irrespective of the operating state of the relevant radiators 18. An integrator 48 in each said part measures the temperature difference between the inlet 24 and the outlet 30 of the part and integrates it against time, whereby the proportions of the total heat consumption consumed by the individual parts can be compared. The forward-flow and return-flow lines 21, 32 leading respectively to and from the heat source 10 and said parts (e.g. via a mixer 12), are dimensioned (e.g. as to length) and constructed such that irrespective of the total quantity of circulating medium (e.g. water) the same throughput prevails between the forward-flow connection 24 and the return-flow connection 30 at all of the said parts 16 in the circuit. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A central heating system having a circulating heating medium
The invention relates to a central heating system.
In a known central heating system described in
German Published Patent Specification
Offenlegungsschrift No. 25 20 1 59 a line, leading through a radiator and a thermostatic radiator valve, is by-passed by a by-pass conduit which is monitored by a throttle element, adjustable by the flow of water, such that the total flow resistance of the arrangement is substantially constant irrespective of the setting of the thermostatic radiator valve. This system does not involve the measurement of the heating energy generated, but purely and simply involves the stabilization of the total flow resistance which is an essential prerequ;site for the correct operation of singlepipe heating systems.
According to the present invention there is provided a central heating system comprising a heating circuit through which a heating medium is circulated said circuit having a plurality of parallelconnected parts and a common source of heat for said parts whose quantities of radiated heat are individually measurable, for which purpose each said part of the heating circuit has an associated device which has a by-pass line by-passing all the radiators of the relevant part of the heating circuit, which device maintains the total flow-through quantity through said relevant part of the heating circuit constant by an arrangement of the flowthrough-dependent resistances irrespective of the operating state of the radiators, and each said part of the heating circuit having two measured value temperature sensors which measure respectively the forward-flow temperature and the return-flow temperature of the water flowing into and flowing out of the said part of the heating circuit and feed them to an integrator which integrates the temperature difference against time and retains the result in a manner which can be evaluated, the forward-flow and return-flow lines leading respectively from the common heat source to the said parts and from the individual parts to common heat source of the heating circuit are dimensioned and constructed such that the same throughput prevails between the forward-flow connection and the return-flow connection at all the said parts of the heating circuit irrespective of the total quantity of circulating heating water.
Merely providing a heating system in which the quantities of radiated heat in each part are individually measurable and in which a device is provided which has a by-pass line by-passing all the radiators of the relevant parts of the heating circuit whereby the total flow-through quantity through the part of the heating circuit is held constant irrespective of the operating state of the radiators, would have the disadvantage that the pressure difference between the forward-flow connection and the return-flow connection is different at each part of the heating circuit. This is caused by the differing lengths of the flow paths between the heat source and the connections of the parts of the heating circuit.In these systems, if the computing results of the integrators are to be compared with one another and proportioned for the purpose of a consumption-orientated apportionment of heating costs, the flowdependent resistances of the calibration factors of the integrators must have different values adjusted to the flow-through prevailing between the connections of the parts of the heating circuit.
This adjustment is relatively complicated, particularly when an overflow valve is provided in the by-pass line and the flow-through limiter, connected downstream, is provided as a resistance.
The arrangement in accordance with the invention has the advantage that all the integrators can have the same calibration factor and all the flow-through-dependent resistances can have the same values. When the integrators and the flow resistances are combined to form a structural unit, the same unit assemblies can be used for all the individual parts of the heating circuit.
A simple arrangement having low installation costs is provided when the flow-dependent resistances for stabilizing the flow-through of water in a part of the heating circuit are in the form of a by-pass valve which is influenced by the flow through the radiators and which controls the flow in the by-pass line. Preferably, the by-pass valve can be provided at one of the two connections by which the by-pass line is connected to the line leading through the thermostatic valve and the radiator, and the bypass valve can have a throttle element which is directly influenced by the flow of water through the radiator. Alternatively, however, the by-pass valve can be disposed between the connections in the by-pass line.
In this case, in addition to the by-pass valve, a flow-through limiter has to be provided in a line branch carrying the entire flow-through quantity of the relevant part of the heating circuit.
For monitoring purposes, the total heating energy consumed can be ascertained by an additional integrator whose measured value temperature sensors are located in the portions of the forward-flow and return-lines which are common to all the parts of the heating circuit.
The temperature differences can be integrated by, for example, electronics having a pulse counter, it also being possible to effect central measurement in the house. It will be appreciated that the relative instantaneous performance can also be indicated as an individual check by way of the measured temperature difference.
A less expensive integrator is provided when using thermoelements or a thermo-chain as a measuring sensor and an electrochemical integration device known as a "coulomb meter". A device of this kind is independent of the mains voltage and thus cannot be manipulated.
The present invention will now be described further, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates diagrammatically a heating system in accordance with the invention.
The heating system has a boiler 10 which supplies a closed heating network 14 for a plurality of heating circuit parts 1 6 by way of a 4way mixer 12. Each part of the heating circuit is associated with a living unit and has a device (further described hereinafter) for measuring the heating energy consumed. Each part 16 of the heating circuit has radiators 1 8, only one of which is illustrated symbolically in the drawing. Each radiator 18 has an associated thermostatic valve 20 by which the desired value of the required temperature is adjustable and which controls the flow of water through the radiator 18 in accordance with the deviation from the desired value of the medium to be heated. The individual parts 1 6 of the heating circuit can have any optional number of radiators 18 and any optional configuration of the line system.
The heating network 14 has a collective forward-flow line 21 which leads from the mixer
12 by way of a circulating pump 22 to branch points 24 to which the parts 16 of the heating circuit are connected. Each part 1 6 of the heating circuit has an individual forward-flow line 26 which leads to the radiators 18 whose return-flow connections are connected by way of return-flow lines 28 to branch points 30 in a collective returnflow line 32 of the heating network 14. The branch points 30 are provided in an ascending branch 34, which is closed at the bottom, of the collective return-flow line 32, the top of the branch 34 being connected by way of an elbow 36 to a descending branch 38 of this line which
leads back to the mixer 12.The branch points 24
and 30 in the heating network 14 are disposed
such that the sum of the inflow and outflow paths of the network between the mixer 12 and the
branch points 24 and 30 is the same for each part
1 6 of the heating circuit. Thus, the flow
resistances up to the individual parts 16 of the
heating circuit are equal irrespective of the total
throughput of water in the system at any given
time.
Furthermore, each part 1 6 of the heating circuit
has a by-pass line 40 which leads from the
forward-flow line 26 to the return-flow line 28 and
which by-passes all the radiators 1 8 and the
thermostatic valves 20 of a part 1 6 of the heating
circuit. A connection of the by-pass line 40 is
monitored by a by-pass valve 42 which opens the
by-pass line 40 to an extent which increases with
the extent to which the thermostatic valves 20
throttle the flow of water through the radiators 1 8,
such that the total flow resistance of a part 1 6 of
the heating circuit remains substantially constant
irrespective of the operating state of the radiators.
This is achieved in that the valve body of the by
pass valve 42 which monitors the by-pass line is
connected to a throttle element or itself forms the
throttle element which is influenced by the flow of
water flowing through the radiators 1 8. Together with the above-mentioned measure whereby the inflow and oufflow paths of the network are of equal length, the stabilization of the flow resistance in the parts 1 6 of the heating circuit means that the same quantity of water will flow through each part 1 6 of the heating circuit and that the total quantity of circulating water will always remain the same irrespective of the settings of the thermostatic valve 20, that is to say, irrespective of the decrease in temperature in the total living unit at any given time.
Since it is ensured that the throughput of water in all the parts of the heating circuit is the same under all operating conditions, the proportion of the quantities of heating energy consumed in the individual parts of the heating circuit can be ascertained without flowmeters susceptible to trouble and without expensive multipliers. For this purpose, two measured value temperature sensors 44 and 46 are provided in each part 16 of the heating circuit, one of which sensors is located in the forward-flow line 26 and the other sensor is located in the return-flow line 28. The measured value temperature sensors 44 and 46 feed their signals to an integrator 48 which forms a temperature difference from these two signals, integrates the temperature difference against time, and retains the total result thus obtained in a form which can be evaluated. Electrochemical coulomb meters can be used as integrators, and the measured value temperature sensors 44 and 46 can be in the form of thermoelements which supply the integrators with current independently of mains and batteries.
The integrators 48 of all the parts 16 of the heating circuit have the same calibration factor so that, taking in account the equal and constant throughputs of water in all the parts of the heating circuit a comparison of the computing results of the integrators directly provides the proportion of the quantities of heating energy consumed in the individual living units. Monitoring is effected by a collective integrator 50 whose two measured value temperature sensors 52 and 54 are located in the collective forward-flow line 20 and in the collective return-flow line 32.
Claims (10)
1. A central heating system comprising a heating circuit through which a heating medium is circulated, said circuit having a plurality of parallel-connected parts and a common source of heat for said parts whose quantities of radiated heat are individually measurable, for which purpose each said part of the heating circuit has an associated device which has a by-pass line bypassing all the radiators of the relevant part of the heating circuit, which device maintains the total flow-through quantity through said relevant part of the heating circuit constant by an arrangement of flow-through-dependent resistance irrespective of the operating state of the radiators, and each said part of the heating circuit having two measured value temperature sensors which measure respectively the forward-flow temperature and the return-flow temperature of the water flowing into and flowing out of the said part of the heating circuit and feed them to an integrator which integrates the temperature difference against the time and retains the result in a manner which can be evaluated, the forward-flow and return-flow lines leading respectively from the common heat source to the said parts and from the individual parts to common heat source of the heating circuit are dimensioned and constructed such that the same throughput prevails between the forward-flow connection and the return-flow connection at all the said parts of the heating circuit irrespective of the total quantity of circulating heating water.
2. A heating system as claimed in claim 1, in which the integrators provided in the individual parts of the heating circuit have the same calibration factor and their integration results thus directly represents the proportions, consumed by the individual parts of the heating circuit, of the total heat consumption of the heated object.
3. A heating system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the flow path leading from the returnflow connection of a part of the heating circuit by way of the heat source and/or a mixer to the forward-flow connection thereof is the same length for all the parts of the heating circuit.
4. A heating system as claimed in claim 3, having a common forward-flow line and a common return-flow line for all the parts of the heating circuit, in which the return-flow connections of the individual parts of the heating circuit are connected to the flow path of the heating water in the reverse sequence to the forward-flow connections with respect to the distance from the heat source.
5. A heating system as claimed in claim 4, having heated circuit parts which are located spatially one above the other, in which the returnflow connections of the parts of the heating circuit are connected to one ascending branch of the return-flow line whose bottom end is closed and the top of which is connected by way of an elbow to a descending branch of the return-flow line which leads to the heat source or to a mixer.
6. A heating system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the flow-dependent resistances for stabilizing the flow-through of water in a part of the heating circuit are formed by a by-pass valve which is influenced by the flow through the radiators and which controls the flow in the by-pass line.
7. A heating system as claimed in claim 6, in which the by-pass valve is disposed at one of the connections by which the by-pass line is connected to the line leading through the radiators and its valve element is influenced by the flow of water through the radiators.
8. A heating system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which a collective integrator is provided in addition to the integrators in the individual parts of the heating circuit and its measured value temperature sensors are located respectively in the portions of the forward-flow and return-flow lines of the heating network which are common to all the parts of the heating circuit.
9. A heating system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the measured value temperature sensors are in the form of thermoelements, and the integrators are electrochemical coulomb meters which are supplied with current by the thermoelements independently of mains and batteries.
10. A heating system constructed and adapted to operate substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792943081 DE2943081A1 (en) | 1979-10-25 | 1979-10-25 | COLLECTIVE HEATING WITH A CIRCULATING HEATING MEDIUM |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2062216A true GB2062216A (en) | 1981-05-20 |
Family
ID=6084326
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8034291A Withdrawn GB2062216A (en) | 1979-10-25 | 1980-10-24 | A central heating system having a circulating heating medium |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2943081A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2062216A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2547396A1 (en) * | 1983-06-09 | 1984-12-14 | Sdecc | METHOD FOR BALANCING A BITUBE TYPE CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| EP0197451A2 (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-10-15 | Honeywell Inc. | Energy submetering system |
| FR2746713A1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-03 | Valeo Climatisation | DEVICE FOR INDEPENDENTLY ADJUSTING THE HEATING OF BOTH SIDES OF THE COCKPIT OF A VEHICLE |
| FR2949146A1 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-18 | Frederic Petit | Heating system balance controlling method for e.g. dwelling, involves determining adjusting position of balancing indexes based on difference between indexes of derivated branch and reference balancing index of elementary system |
| US20130056543A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-03-07 | I.V.A.R. S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for regulating the temperature of a plurality of rooms in a building |
| WO2012013941A3 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2013-06-27 | Gregory Hall | Central heating system |
| US9267694B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2016-02-23 | Oblamatik Ag | Method and system for controlling the temperature of components |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3529257C2 (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1996-09-26 | Forschungsgesellschaft Heizung | Method and arrangement for determining the heat emission from heating surfaces of a heating system |
-
1979
- 1979-10-25 DE DE19792943081 patent/DE2943081A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-10-24 GB GB8034291A patent/GB2062216A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2547396A1 (en) * | 1983-06-09 | 1984-12-14 | Sdecc | METHOD FOR BALANCING A BITUBE TYPE CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| EP0128808A1 (en) * | 1983-06-09 | 1984-12-19 | SAUNIER DUVAL EAU CHAUDE CHAUFFAGE S.D.E.C.C. - Société anonyme | Method for balancing a twin pipe central heating system, and installation for performing this method |
| EP0197451A2 (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-10-15 | Honeywell Inc. | Energy submetering system |
| EP0197451A3 (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-07-27 | Honeywell Inc. | Energy submetering system |
| FR2746713A1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-03 | Valeo Climatisation | DEVICE FOR INDEPENDENTLY ADJUSTING THE HEATING OF BOTH SIDES OF THE COCKPIT OF A VEHICLE |
| US5884697A (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1999-03-23 | Valeo Climatisation | Apparatus for independently regulating the heating on the two sides of the cabin of a vehicle |
| FR2949146A1 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-18 | Frederic Petit | Heating system balance controlling method for e.g. dwelling, involves determining adjusting position of balancing indexes based on difference between indexes of derivated branch and reference balancing index of elementary system |
| US20130056543A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-03-07 | I.V.A.R. S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for regulating the temperature of a plurality of rooms in a building |
| US9069363B2 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2015-06-30 | I.V.A.R. S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for regulating the temperature of a plurality of rooms in a building |
| WO2012013941A3 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2013-06-27 | Gregory Hall | Central heating system |
| US9267694B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2016-02-23 | Oblamatik Ag | Method and system for controlling the temperature of components |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2943081A1 (en) | 1981-05-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20060277982A1 (en) | Method for continuous measurement of dynamic fluid consumption | |
| US4428328A (en) | Steam boiler heat recovery apparatus | |
| US4779458A (en) | Flow sensor | |
| US4482006A (en) | Thermal energy meter | |
| US4494406A (en) | Means for measuring large area mass flow | |
| GB2062216A (en) | A central heating system having a circulating heating medium | |
| US4393919A (en) | Thermal energy meter | |
| US1767588A (en) | Apparatus for proportioning and controlling the rates of flow of fluids | |
| US2305769A (en) | Boiler efficiency metek | |
| RU2624593C1 (en) | Installation for verifying hot water meters | |
| US6386030B1 (en) | Balanced bridge temperature regulator for an air-mass flow meter | |
| JPS6244352Y2 (en) | ||
| GB889816A (en) | Improved heat meter | |
| RU2321830C2 (en) | Thermal flowmeter of gas consumption of alternate power | |
| CZ4914U1 (en) | Measuring mechanism of warm service water consumption | |
| PL166824B1 (en) | Thermal energy consumption meter | |
| US1869128A (en) | Power measuring and telemetering apparatus | |
| US1482091A (en) | Apparatus for determining and also indicating the total available heat of a flow of combustible fluid | |
| JPS6258124A (en) | Apparatus for measuring heat quantity | |
| JPH01137155A (en) | Detection of residual hot water amount in hot water storage tank | |
| US4628730A (en) | Equal fluid flow distribution system and manifold | |
| KR100262225B1 (en) | A measurement circuit of flow rate | |
| WO1989011638A1 (en) | A district heating system with consumers having individual water meters and a water meter for use therein | |
| JPS58154648A (en) | Measuring apparatus of concentration of impurity in sodium | |
| WO2016146995A1 (en) | System to enable balancing of a central heating system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |