GB2058216A - Glow plug for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Glow plug for internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2058216A GB2058216A GB8028039A GB8028039A GB2058216A GB 2058216 A GB2058216 A GB 2058216A GB 8028039 A GB8028039 A GB 8028039A GB 8028039 A GB8028039 A GB 8028039A GB 2058216 A GB2058216 A GB 2058216A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glow plug
- region
- heating
- filament
- ignition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A glow plug for internal combustion engines includes a heating filament 12 embedded in insulating material 13 and enclosed by a heating tube 10 whose wall thickness is substantially uniform throughout the length of the plug, and whose outside diameter in the ignition region 10/1 is reduced. The tube is made of nickel alloy, the filament has a P.T.C. characteristic and the insulating material is magnesium oxide. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Glow plug for internal combustion engines
The invention relates to a glow plug for internal combustion engines. Glow plugs are already known from German Patent (Offenlegungsschrift) No. 2744624; the glow plug described in the
German Patent has, however, the disadvantage that, in order to achieve a short preheat time, a heating tube is required which is relatively expensive to manufacture and which exhibits variations in wall thickness.
According to the present invention there is provided a glow plug for internal combustion engines, having in its ignition region a heating filament which is located in a single-piece metallic heating tube and is embedded in compacted material having good heat conducting and electrical insulating properties, said filament being attached at its terminal end to a terminal pin, and, at its ignition end, to the base of the heating tube, the heating tube being of reduced diameter at the ignition end thereof but the wall thickness in said reduced diameter region being of the same thickness as in the non-reduced diameter portion.
In contrast to the known art, shaping of the glow plug of the present invention may be performed when the heating rod is finishassembled. No separate machine or forming operation is thus necessary for shaping the heating tube according to the present invention, whereby a substantial reduction in the cost of the heating rod may be achieved. Surprisingly, it has been shown that a heating rod according to the present invention has practically the same heating characteristic as a heating rod according to the
German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2744624 which has a heating tube which is relatively expensive to manufacture and which exhibits variations in wall thickness.
Preferably in the glow plug of the present invention the reduced diameter portion is of a length of from 5mm to 1 5mm.
The heating filament preferably is in the form of a coil in which the coils are more closely spaced in the ignition region than in the adjacent region nearer to the terminal end. Preferably at least the region of the filament in the ignition region has a
PTC characteristic.
The invention will now be further described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing the single figure of which is an enlarged sectional view of a part of a heater plug in accordance with the invention. Glow plugs for internal combustion engines are well known (see German Patent Nos. 1119598 and 1190254) and a detailed description of such heater plugs has consequently been omitted.
The term "glow plug" is intended to include socalled flame igniter plugs having additionally a fuel feed system, as described, for example, in German
Patent No.1301631.
Referring to the drawing, the part of the glow
plug shown is that part adjacent to the ignition end, and comprises a single-piece heating tube 10. A terminal pin 11 is disposed inside the heating tube 10, and an electric heating filament
12, in the form of a wire coil is attached at one end to the terminal pin 11 and at its other end is seal-welded to closed end 14 of the heating tube 10. The tube 10 is filled with electrically insulating material 13, which material also is a good conductor of heat. The portion of the heating filament 1 2 adjacent to the ignition end of the glow plug is designated as 12/1 and has coils more closely spaced than those of the region 12/2 of the heating filament 12 adjacent to the terminal pin 11. The purpose of this feature is to impart a high energy density to the ignition region 10/1.In addition, in order to reduce the preheat time it is advantageous if at least the region 12/1 of the heating filament 12 consists of material having a
PTC characteristic since this results in rapid heating-up of this region when the current is switched on; however, burning-out of the heating filament owing to the increased electrical resistance is precluded.
The heating tube 10 is made of a hightemperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant material such as a nickel alloy having the trade mark 'Inconel' and has a wall thickness substantially throughout of approximately 0.6 mm. The ignition region of the heater plug is 10 mm long, but may vary from type to type between 5 mm and 1 5 mm.
While the outside diameter of the heating tube 10 in the ignition region 10/1 is 4.5 mm, the diameter of the region 10/2 of the heating tube 10 extending as far as the heater plug housing (not shown) is 6 mm. Owing to the lower heat capacity in the ignition region 1 0/1, and also because of the high degree of compaction (due to circumferential hammering or a similar process) of the insulating material 1 3 consisting, for example, of magnesium oxide, such heater plugs heat up particularly rapidly.The reduction, by circumferential hammering, of the diameter of heating rods having built-in heating filaments embedded in insulating material 13 is known in principle; in the case of the glow plug according to the present invention, however, the ignition region 10/1 of the heating rod is subjected to an additional reduction process whereby its thermal capacity is further reduced and also heat transfer from the region 12/1 of the heating filament 12 to the heating tube 10 is improved. A further possible method of manufacturing a heating rod of this configuration consists in first of all reducing a heating tube 10 of constant diameter to a smaller diameter for a distance of 10 mm from the base 14 of the heating tube by means of circumferential hammering machines, next welding in the heating filament 1 2 and filling with the insulating material 13, and then hammering the hitherto unreduced portion of the initially mounted heating rod to approximately the same diameter as the already reduced region, and, lastly, reducing the ignition region 10/1 to its final diameter by a third
circumferential hammering process.
Claims (5)
1. A glow plug for internal combustion engines, having in its ignition region a heating filament which is located in a single-piece metallic heating tube and is embedded in compacted material having good heat conducting and electrical
insulating properties, said filament being attached at its terminal end to a terminal pin, and, at its ignition end,~to the base of the heating tube, the heating tube being of reduced diameter at the ignition end thereof but the wall thickness in said reduced diameter region being of the same thickness as in the non-reduced diameter portion.
2. A glow plug as claimed in claim 1, in which said reduced diameter portion is of a length of from 5 mm to 15 mm.
3. A glow plug as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the heating filament is in the form of a coil in which coils are more closely spaced in the ignition region than in the adjacent region nearer to the terminal end.
4. A glow plug as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which at least the region of the filament in the ignition region has a PTC characteristic.
5. A glow plug constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792935424 DE2935424A1 (en) | 1979-09-01 | 1979-09-01 | GLOW PLUG FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2058216A true GB2058216A (en) | 1981-04-08 |
| GB2058216B GB2058216B (en) | 1983-03-16 |
Family
ID=6079851
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8028039A Expired GB2058216B (en) | 1979-09-01 | 1980-08-29 | Glow plug for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5637424A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2935424A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2058216B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1132600B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0324627A2 (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1989-07-19 | Wellman Automotive Products Ltd | Glow plug |
| EP0438097A1 (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-07-24 | B 80 S.r.l. | Glow plug for diesel engines particularly of motor vehicles, with a tubular sheath having a diameter reduction at the closed end |
| FR2671767A1 (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-07-24 | Valeo Vision | Cigar lighter, particularly for motor vehicles |
| EP1597520B1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2010-10-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Pencil type glow plug, especially a low voltage pencil type glow plug for internal combustion engines |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3035291A1 (en) * | 1978-01-21 | 1982-04-22 | Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht Gmbh & Co Kg, 7140 Ludwigsburg | Compression ignition IC engine glow plug - has tubular boss with portion of reduced diameter containing heater element |
| DE3932602C1 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1990-04-26 | Schoeller & Co Elektrotechnische Fabrik Gmbh & Co, 6000 Frankfurt, De | |
| FR2776755B1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2005-02-25 | Denso Corp | PREHEATING CANDLE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| DE102009000751A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2009-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glow tube for a glow plug and method for its production |
| JP6356981B2 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2018-07-11 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Glow plug and internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB859659A (en) * | 1958-06-07 | 1961-01-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Improvements in glow plugs for internal combustion engines |
| DE1301631B (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1969-08-21 | Nippon Denso Company Ltd | Glowing device as a starting aid for internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines |
| JPS523349B2 (en) * | 1972-07-25 | 1977-01-27 | ||
| JPS511624B2 (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1976-01-19 | ||
| JPS528480A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1977-01-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Slide switch |
| DE2744624A1 (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1979-04-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | GLOW PLUG FOR COMBUSTION MACHINERY |
-
1979
- 1979-09-01 DE DE19792935424 patent/DE2935424A1/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-08-29 IT IT24390/80A patent/IT1132600B/en active
- 1980-08-29 GB GB8028039A patent/GB2058216B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-29 JP JP11852380A patent/JPS5637424A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0324627A2 (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1989-07-19 | Wellman Automotive Products Ltd | Glow plug |
| GB2214568A (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1989-09-06 | Wellman Automotive Products Li | I.c. engine glow plug |
| EP0324627A3 (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1990-01-17 | Wellman Automotive Products Ltd | Glow plug |
| GB2214568B (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1991-08-21 | Wellman Automotive Products Li | Glow plug |
| EP0438097A1 (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-07-24 | B 80 S.r.l. | Glow plug for diesel engines particularly of motor vehicles, with a tubular sheath having a diameter reduction at the closed end |
| FR2671767A1 (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-07-24 | Valeo Vision | Cigar lighter, particularly for motor vehicles |
| EP1597520B1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2010-10-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Pencil type glow plug, especially a low voltage pencil type glow plug for internal combustion engines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5637424A (en) | 1981-04-11 |
| IT8024390A0 (en) | 1980-08-29 |
| DE2935424A1 (en) | 1981-03-19 |
| DE2935424C2 (en) | 1990-04-05 |
| GB2058216B (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| IT1132600B (en) | 1986-07-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990829 |