GB2054557A - Novel butanals - Google Patents

Novel butanals Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2054557A
GB2054557A GB8015991A GB8015991A GB2054557A GB 2054557 A GB2054557 A GB 2054557A GB 8015991 A GB8015991 A GB 8015991A GB 8015991 A GB8015991 A GB 8015991A GB 2054557 A GB2054557 A GB 2054557A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
butanal
formaldehyde
methylcyclohex
process according
enyl
Prior art date
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Granted
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GB8015991A
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GB2054557B (en
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Ruhrchemie AG
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Ruhrchemie AG
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Publication of GB2054557A publication Critical patent/GB2054557A/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B9/00Essential oils; Perfumes
    • C11B9/0026Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing an alicyclic ring not condensed with another ring
    • C11B9/0034Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing an alicyclic ring not condensed with another ring the ring containing six carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/62Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/72Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
    • C07C45/75Reactions with formaldehyde
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C47/00Compounds having —CHO groups
    • C07C47/20Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C47/225Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings

Abstract

A process for preparing 2 -methylene- 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)- butanal or 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)- butanal comprises reacting 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal or 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde- forming compound and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a secondary amine. The 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)- butanal or 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)- butanal may be prepared from limonene. 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohex- 3-enyl)-butanal and 2-methylene-3- (4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal are fragrant novel compounds.

Description

SPECIFICATION Novel butanals The present invention relates to two novel compounds, namely 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal and 2-methylene-3 (4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal.
Methylene aldehydes can be prepared in various ways.
The Mannich reaction may be used to prepare methylene aldehydes. According to the Mannich reaction, ammonia or a primary or secondary amine, usually present as a salt e.g. the hydrochloride, is reacted with formaldehyde and a compound containing an active hydrogen atom. According to a process described in US Patent Specification No.
2,518,416 a mixture of an aldehyde having a CH2 group on the oe-position relative to the carbonyl group and formaldehyde are passed through a melt of a salt of a primary or secondary amine and a strong acid to form a methylene aldehyde. Piperidine hydrochloride, morpholine hydrochloride or an ammonium salt, such as ammonium chloride, have also been used to condense aliphatic aldehydes with formaldehyde (cf. US Patent Specification No. 2,639,295).
In accordance with a new process described in German Patent Application P 28 55 505.7 aldehydes are reacted with formaldehyde in the presence of catalytic amounts of enamines to produce 2-methylenealdehydes. This process is found to be economically advantageous and technically simple to implement as compared with the known methods.
In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal or 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal, comprising reacting 3 (4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal or 3q4-me- thylcyclohexyl)-butanal with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-forming compound and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a secondary amine.
The reaction of the 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3enyl)-butanal or the 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal with the formaldehyde or the formaldehyde-forming compound may be carried out in a known manner.
It will be appreciated that the reaction of the 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal with the formaldehyde or the formaldehyde-forming compound yields 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal whereas the reaction of the 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal with the formaldehyde on the formaldehyde-forming compound yields 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal.
Limonene (1 -methyl-4-isopropenyl-cyclohex- 1-ene) can easily be converted into 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal by hydroformylation. Hydroformylation, i.e. the addition reaction of olefinically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to form aldehydes, can be effected by various methods which basically differ in the type of catalyst employed. It is known to use as catalysts, cobalt carbonyl compounds containing trialkylphosphines or triaryl-phosphines, in addition to carbon monoxide, as ligands. It is also known to use as catalysts rhodium carbonyl complexes. It has proved particularly suitable to employ as catalysts rhodium carbonyls containing triphenyl-phosphines or trialkyl-phosphines as ligands, and to use pressures of 100 to 350 atmosperes and temperatures of 110 to 1 60 C (cf.German Patent Application p 28 37 480).
In preparing 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal or 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal, 3-(4-methylcyclohex3-enyl)-butanal or 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal (as the first reactant) and formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-forming compound (as the second reactant) are preferably provided in a molar ratio of 1 mole of the first reactant to 1 mole of formaldehyde constituting or capable of being provided by the second reactant. A slight excess of one of the two reactants is not harmful but is not necessary. The formaldehyde may be used as the pure compound or as a solution in, for example, water. Instead of formaldehyde itself a compound which forms formaldehyde under certain conditions, e.g. a condensation product of formaldehyde, such as paraformaldehyde, can be used as the second reactant.
The catalyst is a secondary amine which may contain the same or different alkyl radicals. Examples are N-ethyl-n-butylamine, Npropyl-n-pentylamine and N-ethyl-cyclohexylamine. Di-n-butylamine has proved particularly suitable. Preferably 0.01 to 0.5 moles of secondary amine, more preferably 0.025 moles are present per mole of formaldehyde (or per mole of formaldehyde capable of being formed by the formaldehyde forming compound). The reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature of 60 to 1 20 C, more preferably 80 to 100"C.
In order to carry out the methylenation, the 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal or the 3 (4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal is reacted directly with the formaldehyde or the formaldehydeforming compound in the presence of the catalyst. The presence of a solvent such as water or an alcohol (e.g. isobutanol or 2ethylhexanol) is advantageous.
The desired reaction product can be separated by fractional distillation in a form which enables it to be used without further purification.
3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal can be obtained by partial hydrogenation of 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal. The reaction is generally carried out with hydrogen in a pressurised vessel and in the presence of a cata Cyst. Depending on the type of catalyst, pressures of 1 to 1 50 atmospheres and temperatures of 20 to 1 20 C are used. A noble metal, e.g. palladium or platinum can be used as the hydrogenation catalyst. Palladium catalysts have proved particularly suitable. The catalyst is conveniently used in a concentration of 0.5 to 2% by weight based on the weight of aldehyde. The hydrogenation can be carried out in the presence of a solvent although this is not absolutely necessary.In order to purify the 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal, the crude product may be distilled after having separated the catalyst.
The novel -methylenealdehydes according to the invention are particularly useful as perfume constituents and have fragances that differentiate them in a characteristic manner from other perfumes available on the market.
A particular advantage of the aldehyde is that they can be prepared from a cheap starting material readily available in large quantities, namely limonene.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclo- hex-3-enyl)-butanal.
A mixture of 332 g of 3-(4-methylcyclohex3-enyl)-butanal, 210 g of a 30% aqueous formaldehyde solution and 1 3 g of di-n-butylamine was heated in a flash for 60 minutes at a maximum temperature of 70 C while stirring and under reflux cooling. After separating the aqueous phase, a crude product was isolated which is shown by gas chrornatographic analysis to contain 94% of 2-methylene 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal in addition to about 1% of the initial aldehyde. 311 g of a 99.4% pure aldehyde was isolated by distillation (Boiling point: 112 1::/13 mm Hg).
EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal.
A mixture of 336 g of 3-(4-methylcyclo- hexyl)-butanal, 210 g of a 30% aqueous formaldehyde solution and 1 3 g of di-n-butylamine was reacted under the conditions specified in Example 1. According to gas chromatographic analysis, the crude product contained 95% of 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal in addition to 1% of the initial aldehyde. 320 g of a 99.1% pure aldehyde was isolated by distillation (Boiling Point: 110"C/13 mm Hg).

Claims (14)

1. A process for preparing 2-methylene-3 (4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal or 2-methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal, comprising reacting 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-bu- tanal or 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-forming compound and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a secondary amine.
2. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3enyl)-butanal is prepared from limonene by hyd roformylation or the 3-(4-methylcyclo hexyl)-butanal is prepared from limonene by hydroformylation of the limonene to yield 3 (4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)-butanal and partial hydrogenation of the 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3 enyl)-butanal.
3. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the 3-(4-methylcyclohex-3enyl)-butanal or the 3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-butanal (as the first reactant) and the formal dehyde4orming compound (as the second reactant) are provided in a molar ratio of substantially 1 mole of the first reactant to 1 mole of the formaldehyde constituting or capable of being formed by the second reactant.
4. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the secondary amine contains different alkyl radicals.
5. A process according to Claim 4, wherein the secondary amine is N-ethyl-nbutylamine, N-propyl-n-pentylamine or Nethyl-cyclohexylamine.
6. A process according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the secondary amine contains two like alkyl radicals.
7. A process according to Claim 6, wherein the secondary amine is d-n-butylamine.
8. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of 0.01 to 0.05 moles of secondary amine per mole of formaldehyde or per mole of formaldehyde capable of being formed by the formaldehyde-forming compound.
9. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the reaction is carried out within the temperature range of 60 to 1 20 C.
10. A process according to Claim 9, wherein the reaction is carried out within the temperature range of 80 to 100"C.
11. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of water or an alcohol.
1 2. A process according to Claim 1, sub stantially as described herein in either of the examples.
1 3. '2:methylene-3-(4-methylcyclohex-3- enyl)-butanal.
14. 2-rnethylene-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)- butanal.
GB8015991A 1979-05-28 1980-05-14 Butanals Expired GB2054557B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2921619A DE2921619C3 (en) 1979-05-28 1979-05-28 2-methylene-3- (4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) butanal and 2-methylene-3- (4-methylcyclohexyl) butanal and processes for their preparation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2054557A true GB2054557A (en) 1981-02-18
GB2054557B GB2054557B (en) 1983-03-16

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GB8015991A Expired GB2054557B (en) 1979-05-28 1980-05-14 Butanals

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5846509B2 (en)
CH (1) CH643525A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2921619C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2457850A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2054557B (en)
IT (1) IT1147084B (en)
SE (1) SE8003798L (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4956481A (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-09-11 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Adamantane derivatives, compositions of matter containing same, processes for preparing said adamantane derivatives and said compositions, and organoleptic and deodorancy uses of said adamantane derivatives and said compositions
US5021184A (en) * 1988-10-21 1991-06-04 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Adamantane derivatives, compositions of matter containing same, processes for preparing said adamantane derivatives and said compositions, and organoleptic and deodorancy uses of said adamantane derivatives and said compositions
US6451758B1 (en) * 1998-05-08 2002-09-17 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Aldehyde mixtures, compositions containing the same and methods of providing fragrance using the same
GB2529901A (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-09 Givaudan Sa Organic compounds

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10205835B4 (en) * 2002-02-13 2004-11-11 Celanese Chemicals Europe Gmbh Process for the preparation of terpinolenaldehyde

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2519327A (en) * 1947-01-13 1950-08-15 Fmc Corp Condensation of beta-(4-methyl-delta3-cyclohexenyl)-butyraldehyde with aldehydes andketones
US2639295A (en) * 1948-07-16 1953-05-19 Eastman Kodak Co Manufacture of unsaturated aldehydes
US3676505A (en) * 1969-12-29 1972-07-11 Procter & Gamble 4-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)pent-4-en-1-ol and a process for its synthesis

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4956481A (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-09-11 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Adamantane derivatives, compositions of matter containing same, processes for preparing said adamantane derivatives and said compositions, and organoleptic and deodorancy uses of said adamantane derivatives and said compositions
US4985403A (en) * 1988-10-21 1991-01-15 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Use of adamantane derivatives in augmenting or enhancing the aroma of consumable materials
US5021184A (en) * 1988-10-21 1991-06-04 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Adamantane derivatives, compositions of matter containing same, processes for preparing said adamantane derivatives and said compositions, and organoleptic and deodorancy uses of said adamantane derivatives and said compositions
US6451758B1 (en) * 1998-05-08 2002-09-17 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Aldehyde mixtures, compositions containing the same and methods of providing fragrance using the same
GB2529901A (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-09 Givaudan Sa Organic compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2921619A1 (en) 1980-12-04
FR2457850A1 (en) 1980-12-26
DE2921619C3 (en) 1982-05-19
IT1147084B (en) 1986-11-19
CH643525A5 (en) 1984-06-15
DE2921619B2 (en) 1981-05-07
IT8048810A0 (en) 1980-05-27
JPS5846509B2 (en) 1983-10-17
SE8003798L (en) 1980-11-29
JPS55157563A (en) 1980-12-08
GB2054557B (en) 1983-03-16

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee