GB2048339A - Drilling Apparatus for Earth Drilling - Google Patents

Drilling Apparatus for Earth Drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2048339A
GB2048339A GB8012719A GB8012719A GB2048339A GB 2048339 A GB2048339 A GB 2048339A GB 8012719 A GB8012719 A GB 8012719A GB 8012719 A GB8012719 A GB 8012719A GB 2048339 A GB2048339 A GB 2048339A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
drilling
feed
wall
face
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8012719A
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GB2048339B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salzgitter Maschinen und Anlagen AG
Salzgitter Maschinen AG
Original Assignee
Salzgitter Maschinen und Anlagen AG
Salzgitter Maschinen AG
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Publication of GB2048339A publication Critical patent/GB2048339A/en
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Publication of GB2048339B publication Critical patent/GB2048339B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/18Anchoring or feeding in the borehole

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

In drilling apparatus for earth drilling a feed mechanism which can be passed into the bore hole (19) includes a support device (4) for bracing against the bore hole wall and a feed device (6) for attachment to the tool (1). The support device (4) and the feed device (6) are connected together by way of rolling bellows (16, 18) which can be connected to a source of pressurised fluid. Preferably one of the rolling bellows (18) acts on the bore hole wall to provide the acceptance of the reaction force and, preferably also there is an interconnection between the support device (4) and the feed device (6) which prevents relative rotation therebetween so as to accept the torque reaction. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Drilling Apparatus for Earth Drilling The invention relates to drilling apparatus for earth drilling, in particular for dry drilling and for flush drilling having return of the flush material through the drilling rod. Such apparatus may comprise a feed device having drive means for the creation of the feed load for the drilling tool and passable with the drilling tool into the drilling hole and a support device for absorbing the reaction force from the feed device and supported against the drilling hole wall.
In a whole line of earth drilling methods large pressure forces on the tool are required. As a result drilling apparatus has become known in which, therefore, the feed device and the support device are passed with the drilling tool into the drilling hole. In one known apparatus of this type the drive means for the creation of the feed load consists of a plurality of individual hydraulic cylinders arranged about the periphery. The means for the creation of the support load comprise barrel-like support elements arranged in divided fashion about the periphery which are actuated in the same way by hydraulic cylinders.
Such a plurality of hydraulic cylinders brings, on the one hand, a substantial constructive and parts cost and furthermore requires a very carefully adjusted control, in particular a sequence switching, in order that the hydraulic cylinders for the creation of the support load are actuated before the hydraulic cylinders for the creation of the feed load. In particular with high pressure loads, such a plurality of hydraulic cylinders with the necessary feed lines and control means has particular disadvantages. The known support means have furthermore the disadvantages that such means can only be passed into stable drilling holes since only a point or line type contact on the drilling hole wall can be obtained. With the known apparatus only cased drilling holes or drilling holes in stable rock can be drilled for this reason.
In the evaluation of the known drilling apparatus it is further to be observed that such a plurality of hydraulic cylinders leads to a limitation of the total secureness of operation of the drilling apparatus and particularly with reference to a constant provision both of the feed load and of the supporting force.
It is desirable therefore to seek to provide drilling apparatus of the aforementioned type whose construction, on the one hand, and whose control, on the other hand, are essentially simplified through a particular construction of the means for the creation of the respective forces and in which the secureness of operation is essentially improved. Furthermore, it should be arranged that, as working means for the creation of the respective forces, media can be used which are generally used during the drilling of holes, e.g.
water or pressurised air.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided drilling apparatus for earth drilling comprising a tool feed device having power means for creating the feed load for the tool and passable with the drilling tool into the drilling hole and a support device for absorbing the reaction force from the feed device, the power means for the creation of the feed load being formed from a feed piston for connection to the drilling tool and arrangement concentrically about the longitudinal axis of the drilling tool and at least one rolling bellows arranged between this feed piston and a part of the support device and arranged to roll on a wall of a cylindrical element and the face ofthe part of the support device carrying the rolling bellows and adjacent to the drilling tool forming the face wall of a feed cylinder.
As a result, in a completely concentric arrangement, essentially only a single cylinder space acted upon by the respective pressure' medium is required which also extends over the entire periphery of the apparatus and leads thereby to a simple and constant loading of the feed piston. The construction of the apparatus is essentially simplified since only a concentric feed piston with the rolling bellows has to be formed and the support device itself forms at least the face wall of the feed cylinder but also, in a corresponding construction in a simpler and more concentric construction, the cylinder wall on which the rolling bellows rolls. For the creation of the feed load only a single cylinder space is to be pressurised so that not only the constructional arrangement but particularly also the feed lines as well as the control are simplified.For the pressurisation of the cylinder space closed by the rolling bellows for the creation of the feed load, pressure media can be used which, for a still further simplification, are generally available during the creation of drilling holes, e.g. water or pressurised air. As a result of the simple construction, provision of feed lines and control, the secureness of operation of the drilling apparatus is essentially improved.
A further simplification of the drilling apparatus having regard to the constructional as also to the functional aspects is obtained in a further embodiment of the invention wherein at least one of the rolling bellows extends between the external wall of the feed piston and the periphery of the said face wall of the feed cylinder and is freely arranged in such a way that, in use of the apparatus, it rolls on the drilling hole wall during movement of the feed piston. In this way a fully enclosed outer support over the whole periphery of the support device is obtained in a simple manner. This brings the particular advantage with it that drilling can be carried out even in loose rock since the rolling bellows serving for the support can be laid so as to adapt firmly against the wall over the whole circumferential extend of the drilling hole wall.A further essential advantage lies in that, both for the creation of the feed load as well as for the creation of the support load, only a single pressure medium activation of the whole cylinder space, formed by the feed piston, the face wall of the feed cylinder and the two rolling bellows, is necessary. The control of the drilling apparatus is thereby very much simplified. The respective faces of the rolling bellows walls coming into use can be dimensioned in suitable manner in order always to obtain the required loads. With reference to the loading of the drilling hole wall it is advantageous in that the face pressures between the rolling bellows creating the support loads and the drilling hole wall are very small compared with the separated mechanical support devices.
If the drilling apparatus is set up for use with drilling tools for flush drilling carried by a drill rod, then a particularly preferable and simple construction form of the drilling apparatus is obtained in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, whrein the part of the support device carrying the rolling bellows is lengthened in the direction of the feed piston into a tube housing for enclosing the drill rod, the feed piston is formed as an annular piston surrounding this tube housing and a rolling bellows is arranged respectively between the end of the tube housing adjacent to said face wall and the inner periphery of the end of the annular piston adjacent to said face wall, on the one hand, and the outer periphery of the face wall and the outer periphery of the end of the annular piston adjacent to said face wall, on the other hand.As a result a simple and completely concentric arrangement having a single pressurisable space is obtained. The face of the feed piston effective in the feed direction can be chosen to be as large as required. Furthermore, the concentric arrangement permits the use of the tube housing as the turning moment support for the transfer of the reaction moment from a drilling tool by way of the annular piston into the tube housing of the support device.
For a particularly certain creation of the support loads in relation to the respective feed loads it is first preferable if, in a further embodiment of the invention, in the rest position of the feed piston the external face of the external rolling bellows lying against the drilling hole wall, which therefore also creates support loads, is always dimensioned greater than the face of the feed piston effective in the feed direction. In this way it is always ensured that the support device in the drilling hole wall is definitely under pressure before starting the rotary movement of the drilling tool and before starting the feed loads.
If the drilling apparatus of the aforementioned type is set up for dry drilling then a simple constructional form with simple means for accepting the reaction to the feed load is obtained in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention wherein the part of the support device carrying the rolling bellows is constructed as a cylinder open towards the drilling face and the feed piston runs concentrically and spaced from the cylinder shell and the rolling bellows is arranged between the end of the inner wall of the shell of the cylinder adjacent the closed end thereof and the end of the outer wall of the feed piston adjacent to the support device.
In this way a simple arrangement and fixing of the rolling bellows, on the one hand, is obtained and, on the other hand, in a simple manner the cylinder wall is constructed for the rolling of the rolling bellows. Also in this case the advantageous concentric construction with simple creation of a pressure space extending around the whole periphery is obtained.
Further characteristics, details and advantages of the invention are obtainable from the claims and from the following description of two exemplary embodiments of the invention referred to in the drawing, in which: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of drilling apparatus according to the invention for use in flush drilling with a drilling tool carried by a drilling rod; Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the line A-B of Fig. 1; Figs. 2a and 2b are simplified sectional views corresponding to Fig. 1 and respectively in the completely extended working position and in the rest position; Fig. 3 is a schematic control diagram of the pressure medium control for the drilling apparatus of Fig. 1 or Figs. 2a and 2b;; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of drilling apparatus according to the invention for use in dry drilling; and Fig. 4a is a detailed section corresponding to line A-A in Fig. 4.
The drilling apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 serves for carrying out flush drilling. the drilling tool 1 is carried in a known manner by a drilling rod 2. Between the drilling rod 2 and the drilling tool 1 is illustrated the rotating device 3 passable therewith into the drilling hole. The drilling rod 2 is enclosed by an upper cylinder part 4 of a support device located in the upper part of the drilling apparatus. This upper cylinder part 4 of the support device is lengthened in the direction of the drilling tool 1 into a tube housing 5 surrounding the drilling rod. Surrounding this tube housing 5 is an annular piston constructed with an outer housing 7 and an inner housing 8. The outer housing 7 is also lengthened concentrically downwardly and fixed firmly with the non rotatable parts of the rotary device 3 as illustrated at 9. The tube housing 5 of the support device furthermore forms the torque support for the rotary device 3 and as a result has projections 10 arranged in a spaced apart manner on its periphery which are axially slidable in longitudinal slits 11 of the inner housing 8 of the annular piston 6. The face of the upper cylinder part 4 of the support device adjacent to the drilling tool forms the axial pressure face wall 1 2 of the feed cylinder which is still to be described. The annular face 13 of the feed piston remote from the drilling tool forms the axial pressure face for the feed piston 6.
Between the end 14 of the tube housing 5 remote from the drilling tool and the end 1 5 of the annular piston 6 or its inner housing 8 remote from the drilling tool 1 is arranged a rolling bellows 16 which rolls, on the one hand, on the tube housing 5 and, on the other hand, on the inner housing 8 of the annular piston 6.
Furthermore a further rolling bellows 18 extends between the periphery 1 7 of the face wall 12 and the outer periphery of the end 1 5 of the annular piston 6 remote from the drilling tool. This rolling bellows rolls on the outer housing 7 of the annular piston and the inner wall of the drilling hole 19.
As Figure 1 further shows, in the illustrated rest position of the annular piston 6, the external face of the outer rolling bellows 8 lying against the drilling hole wall is dimensioned larger than the feed piston face 1 3 acting in the feed direction.
As a result a cylinder space is formed between the face wall 12, the face wall 13 and the walls of the rolling bellows 16 and 18. This cylinder space is pressurisable with a suitable pressure medium by way of the schematically illustrated line 20 and serves, on being pressurised, both as pressure space for the feed of the annular piston 6 as well as for the support of the entire drilling apparatus on the drilling hole wall by way of the rolling bellows 1 8. In order to obtain a better centering of the entire drilling apparatus there are support elements 21 arranged in an axially and circumferentially spaced divided manner.
In Figures 2a and 2b the two end positions of the feed device are illustrated. Fig. 2a shows the completely outwardly extended position of the annular piston 6 in which therefore on the one hand, the inner rolling bellows 1 6 and,on the other hand, the outer rolling bellows 18 are completely supported on the tube housing 5 or on the drilling hole wall 19. Fig. 2b shows once again the rest position illustrated also in Fig. 1 by way of explanation of the opposite position.
In Fig. 3 there is shown schematically a switching diagram for the control of the drilling apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2a and 2b. A compressor 22 creates the pressurised air which is required for the feed and for the support of the two rolling bellows 1 6 and 1 8. There is a connection 23 to the atmosphere. A line 25 leads from a main valve 24 from above ground into the drilling hole to the devices which are themselves arranged in the drilling apparatus.The line 25 leads on the one hand by way of a non-return valve 26 to the pressure space, only schematically illustrated, formed by the two rolling bellows 16 and 1 8. On the other hand the line 25 leads to a control valve 27 as well as further by way of a non-return valve 28 and an oppositely directed non-return valve 29 to the pressure release line 30 in the drilling hole. The end of the release line 30 is arranged underneath the deepest position of the pressure spaced defined by the rolling bellows in order to obtain a pressurised chamber effect.
Finally, a line 31 passing by way of the control valve 27 leads from the pressure space formed by the rolling bellows 1 6 and 1 8 to the connection point between the two non-return valves 28 and 29.
Upon pressurisation the main valve 24 is passed into its lower position so that the pressure is passed on over the line 25. The coctrol valve 27 is set into its closed position and the pressure medium passing through the non-return valve 26 is supplied to the pressure space formed by the rolling bellows 1 6 and 1 8. If the tool is to be withdrawn then a pressure equalisation between the bellows and the drilling hole is obtained with the help of the illustrated controls.In the rest state, but in the state in which the rolling bellows 16 and 1 8 are still not collapsed, the main valve is set in its upper position and therefore in the position of connection to the atmospheric outlet 23, and the rolling bellows are then collapsed by the pressure in the drilling hole. Id this situation the pressure medium passes through the release line 30 into the drilling hole by way of the control valve, in the meantime changed over, and the non-return valve 29. It is clear throughout that a compression chamber effect is obtained if, as shown, the end of the release line 30 is arranged below the rolling bellows 16 and 18.
In Figs. 4 and 4a another embodiment of the drilling apparatus according to the invention is illustrated which is set up for dry drilling.
The drilling tool 40, constructed as a hinged auger, is passed with its feed device and its support device into the drilling hole 41.
Furthermore, it is connected to a rotary drive 42.
The non-rotating part of the rotary drive is connected, in the illustrated manner, with an external longitudinally slidable cylindrical part 43 which serves as the outer part of the support device. Rotatably fixed but longitudinally slidable in this outer cylindrical part 43 is aranged a cylinder 44 which is open towards the drilling tool 40 and which forms the inner part of the support device and at the same time the face 45 of the feed cylinder. Inwardly of an concentrically to and spaced from the inner wall of the housing of the cylinder 44, runs in a longitudinally slidable manner, feed piston 46 for the feed device with its piston face 47. The non-rotating part of the rotary device 42 is equally firmly fixed to the feed piston 46 in order to transfer the feedload onto ) the drilling tool 40.For this connection there serves a further cylindrical part 48 which is fixed on the inner face wall of the feed piston 46.
Between the outer cylindrical part 43 of the support device and the open cylinder 44 are i arranged a compression springs 49 which holds the cylindrical part 43 and the cylinder 44 in the position illustrated in Fig. 4 during the drilling operation. The cylindrical part 43 is slidable downwardly after the withdrawal of the drilling ) apparatus against the effect of the pressure springs 49 in order to open the hinged auger 40 by way of the rod 50.
A rolling bellows 51 is arranged between the end 44a of the housing of the cylinder 44 remote from the drilling tool 40 and the end 46a of the outer wall of the feed piston 46 remote from the drilling tool 40. The pressure space, which is supplied with pressure medium in order to obtain the feed of the feed piston 46, is thereby defined ) between the face 45 of the cylinder 44, the face 47 of the feed piston 46 and the rolling bellows 51.
Furthermore, a bellows 52 expandable by pressure medium against the drilling hole wall, with which the support device is supported against the drilling hole wall on pressurisation through the pressure medium, is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder housing, in the case of the exemplary embodiment on the outer wall of the outer cylindrical part 43.
If, after the introduction of the drilling apparatus into the drilling hole 41, the bellows 52 is pressed against the drilling hole wall, then the support device is therefore braced in the drilling hols so that the drilling operation can begin and the feed load is then created by the pressurisation of the pressure spaced above the rollirig bellows 51 on the face 47 of the feed piston 46. The drilling tool 40 with its rotary device 42 is fed along the drilling hole by way of the feed piston 46 and the cylindrical part 48 while the support device is supported in the drilling hole 41 by way of the bellows 52.

Claims (9)

Claims
1. Drilling apparatus for earth drilling comprising a tool feed device having power means for creating the feed load for the tool and passable with the drilling tool into the drilling hole and a support device for absorbing the reaction force from the feed device, the power means for the creation of the feed load being formed from a feed piston for connection to the drilling tool and arrangement concentrically about the longitudinal axis of the drilling tool and at least one rolling bellows arranged between this feed piston and a part of the support device and arranged to roll on a wall of a cylindrical element and the face of the part of the support device carrying the rolling bellows and adjacent to the drilling tool forming the face-wall of a feed cylinder.
2. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the rolling bellows extends between the external wall of the feed piston and the periphery of the said face wall of the feed cylinder and is freely arranged in such a way that, in use of the apparatus, it rolls on the drilling hole wall during movement of the feed piston.
3. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 for use with drilling tools carried by a drilling rod in flush drilling, wherein the part of the support device carrying the rolling bellows is lengthened in the direction of the feed piston into a tube housing for enclosing the drill rod, the feed piston is formed as an annular piston surrounding this tube housing and a rolling bellows is arranged respectively between the end of the tube housing adjacent to said face wall and the inner periphery of the end of the annular piston adjacent to said face wall, on the one hand, and the outer periphery of the face wall and the outer periphery of the end of the annular piston adjacent to said face wall, on the other hand.
4. Drilling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein in the rest position of the feed piston, the external face of the outer rolling bellows lying against the drilling hole wall is always dimensioned larger than the feed piston face effective in the direction of feed.
5. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1 , for use in dry drilling, wherein the part of the support device carrying the rolling bellows is constructed as a cylinder open towards the drilling face and the feed piston runs concentrically and spaced from the cylinder shell, and the rolling bellow is arranged between the end of the inner wall of the shell of the cylinder adjacent the closed end thereof and the end of the outer wall of the feed piston adjacent to the support device.
6. Drilling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a bellows expandable against the drilling hole wall by way of pressure medium, is arranged on the outer wall of the shell of the said cylinder.
7. Drilling apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein a drilling tool is connected to the end of the feed piston remote from the support device.
8. Drilling apparatus according to claim 7, when dependent on claims 3 or 4, wherein a drilling rod connected to said drilling tool passes through said tube housing.
9. Drilling apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 or Figs. 4 and 4a of the accompanying drawings.
GB8012719A 1979-05-18 1980-04-17 Drilling apparatus for earth drilling Expired GB2048339B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792920049 DE2920049A1 (en) 1979-05-18 1979-05-18 DRILLING DEVICE FOR EARTH DRILLING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2048339A true GB2048339A (en) 1980-12-10
GB2048339B GB2048339B (en) 1983-03-16

Family

ID=6071028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8012719A Expired GB2048339B (en) 1979-05-18 1980-04-17 Drilling apparatus for earth drilling

Country Status (5)

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JP (1) JPS5816436B2 (en)
DE (1) DE2920049A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2456830A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2048339B (en)
IT (2) IT1130805B (en)

Cited By (4)

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GB2360801A (en) * 2000-03-27 2001-10-03 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Motion compensator for drilling from a floater
GB2382092A (en) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-21 Cie Du Sol Equipment for drilling vertical cased boreholes
US9988868B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2018-06-05 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Gripper assembly for downhole tools
US10156107B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2018-12-18 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Eccentric linkage gripper

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SE501283C2 (en) * 1993-05-06 1995-01-09 Lars Sterner rock Drill
SE508950C2 (en) * 1993-12-29 1998-11-16 Lars Liw Steering tool for rock drilling
US8245796B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2012-08-21 Wwt International, Inc. Tractor with improved valve system
DE10336315A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-03-03 Helmut Hross Vertical drill, to form a borehole for filling with concrete as a load-bearing pile/ground anchor, has a drill head suspended from a crane with a support system against the borehole wall
WO2005090739A1 (en) 2004-03-17 2005-09-29 Western Well Tool, Inc. Roller link toggle gripper for downhole tractor
US7624808B2 (en) 2006-03-13 2009-12-01 Western Well Tool, Inc. Expandable ramp gripper
US7748476B2 (en) 2006-11-14 2010-07-06 Wwt International, Inc. Variable linkage assisted gripper
US8485278B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2013-07-16 Wwt International, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for inhibiting rotational misalignment of assemblies in expandable well tools
US9447648B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2016-09-20 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc High expansion or dual link gripper

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2360801A (en) * 2000-03-27 2001-10-03 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Motion compensator for drilling from a floater
GB2360801B (en) * 2000-03-27 2004-03-17 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Motion compensator for drilling from a floater
US9988868B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2018-06-05 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Gripper assembly for downhole tools
GB2382092A (en) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-21 Cie Du Sol Equipment for drilling vertical cased boreholes
GB2382092B (en) * 2001-11-20 2006-02-22 Cie Du Sol Equipment for drilling vertical boreholes
SG122771A1 (en) * 2001-11-20 2006-06-29 Cie Du Sol Equipment for drilling vertical boreholes
US10156107B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2018-12-18 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Eccentric linkage gripper
US10934793B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2021-03-02 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Eccentric linkage gripper
US11608699B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2023-03-21 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Eccentric linkage gripper
US12024964B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2024-07-02 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Eccentric linkage gripper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5816436B2 (en) 1983-03-31
IT1130805B (en) 1986-06-18
FR2456830B1 (en) 1983-05-06
IT8067637A0 (en) 1980-04-23
DE2920049A1 (en) 1981-02-12
FR2456830A1 (en) 1980-12-12
IT8053155V0 (en) 1980-04-23
GB2048339B (en) 1983-03-16
JPS55155893A (en) 1980-12-04

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