GB2045418A - System for the recovery of heat from waste gases - Google Patents
System for the recovery of heat from waste gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2045418A GB2045418A GB7940074A GB7940074A GB2045418A GB 2045418 A GB2045418 A GB 2045418A GB 7940074 A GB7940074 A GB 7940074A GB 7940074 A GB7940074 A GB 7940074A GB 2045418 A GB2045418 A GB 2045418A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- manifold
- working liquid
- circuit
- heat exchangers
- conduits
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1892—Systems therefor not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
A system for the recovery of heat from waste gases includes a plurality of conduits 3 for waste gas discharged from one or more thermal sources of such gas (e.g. a thermal treatment furnace 1), a plurality of heat exchangers 4 each being connected to one of the waste-gas conduits and to a circuit (e.g. conduits 8) for a working liquid, which is thereby heated by the waste gas to produce e.g. hot water, superheated water, or steam. The liquid flow may traverse the plurality of the heat exchangers 4 in parallel (e.g. Fig. 1) or in series (e.g. Fig. 2) or parallel flows of the liquid may each flow in series through a group of the heat exchangers (e.g. Fig. 3). The liquid circuit may include a vapourizer (e.g. 14 Figs. 4 to 7) delivering steam to a turbine or to a heat exchanger in which water is superheated. Where the working liquid is a diathermic liquid, other than water, it may pass through a heat exchanger in the vapourizer 14 to vapourize the water therein and produce said steam. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
System for the recovery of heat from waste gas discharged from thermal treatment furnaces
The present invention relates to systems for recovering heat from waste gas discharged from thermal treatment furnaces.
The object of the invention is to provide a system of the type specified above which is particularly simple and reliable and allows the production of hot water, or super-heated water, or steam usable, for example, for technological purposes or for heating.
In order to achieve this purpose, the subject of the present invention is a system of the type specified above characterised in that the system includes a plurality of conduits for the waste gases discharged from a thermal treatment furnace, a plurality of heat exchangers each traversed by one of the conduits for the waste gases and a circuit for working liquid, preferably water, which traverses the heat exchangers recovering heat from the waste gases coming from the thermal treatment furnace.
According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the said circuit for the working liquid includes an inlet manifold for the working liquid, a feed pump for driving the circulation of the working liquid, a plurality of conduits for the working liquid which leave the inlet manifold and traverse the heat exchangers in parallel, and an outlet manifold into which the said conduits for the working liquid converge downstream of the heat exchangers, this circuit being provided with an expansion chamber communicating with the said outlet manifold.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the said circuit for the working liquid includes an inlet manifold for the working liquid, a feed pump for driving the circulation of the working liquid, a conduit for the working liquid which leaves the inlet manifold and traverses all the heat exchangers in series, and an outlet manifold connected to the conduit for the working liquid downstream of the heat exchangers, this circuit being provided with an expansion chamber communicating with the outlet manifold.
The choice between the two said embodiments evidently depends on the increase in temperature which it is desired to obtain in the working liquid for a given level of the thermal capacity available in the heat exchangers. The quantity of working liquid in the said circuit is naturally chosen on the basis of the characteristics of the utilisation apparatus located downstream of the system according to the invention.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the said circuit for the working liquid includes an inlet manifold for the working liquid, a feed pump for driving the circulation of the working liquid, a plurality of conduits for the working liquid which leave the inlet manifold, each of these conduits traversing in series a different wall for each conduit of the said heat exchangers an outlet manifold into which the said conduits for the working liquid converge downstream of the the heat exchangers this circuit being provided with an expansion chamber communicating with the said outlet manifold.
The system according to the invention may also be used for the production of electrical energy. In this case the circuit for the working liquid includes a vaporizer disposed downstream of the heat exchangers, a steam turbine for the production of mechanical energy fed by the vaporizer and coupled with an electrical generator, a condenser for condensing the steam leaving the steam turbine and a feed pump located downstream of the condenser, for driving the circulation of the working liquid. In this case, also, the part of the circuit which traverses the heat exchangers may be formed according to different schemes depending on the temperature rises which it is desired to achieve in the working liquid.
When it is desired to feed the steam turbine with super-heated steam, super-heaters may be introduced into the circuit between the vaporizer and the steam turbine.
When it is desired to use the system according to the present invention for the production of super-heated water, a vaporizer may be introduced into the circuit for the working liquid downstream of the heat exchangers, the vaporizer feeding a reflux condenser designed to produce super-heating of a flow of water therethrough instead of a steam turbine. In this case, also, the part of the circuit which traverses the heat exchangers may be formed according to different schemes on the basis of the requirements of the utilization apparatus.
Further advantages and characteristics of the present invention will result from the description which follows, with reference to the attached drawings, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which: Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a system according to the invention,
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate two variants of the system of Figure 1,
Figure 4 illustrates a second embodiment of a system according to the invention.
Figures 5 and 6 illustrate two variants of the system of Figure 4, and
Figure 7 illustrates a third embodiment of a system according to the present invention.
In Figure 1 , by 1 is indicated schematically a thermal treatment furnace of the type called "a tunnel" or "a canal" provided with conduits 2 for the feed of the combustion mixture.
The furnace 1 is also provided with a plurality of conduits 3 for waste gases each of which traverses a corresponding heat exchanger 4 for the recovery of heat from the waste gas. The heat exchangers 4 are inserted in a circuit 5 for a working liquid which is intended to traverse the heat exchangers 4, recovering heat from the waste gases coming from the furnace 1.
The circuit 5 includes an inlet manifold 6 for the working liquid upstream of which is inserted a feed pump 7 for driving the circulation of the working liquid in the circuit 5. From the inlet manifold 6 leave a plurality of conduits 8 each of which traverses one of the heat exchangers 4, the conduits uniting downstream of the corresponding heat exchangers in an outletmanifold 9 intended to be connected to the utilization apparatus by means of a conduit schematically indicated by the arrow 10. The outlet manifold 9 also communicates with an expansion chamber of known type, not illustrated in the figure, by means of a conduit 11.
In Figures, 2, 3 the parts common to Figure 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals.
In the case of Figure 2, the main difference compared with the system of Figure 1 resides in the fact that the circuit 5 for the working fluid includes, between the feed pump 7 and the outlet manifold 9, a single conduit 1 2 which traverses all the heat exchangers 4 in series. It is clear that this solution is recommended when it is desired to achieve a higher temperature rise in the working liquid for the same thermal capacity available in the heat exchangers 4.
In the case of Figure 3, the circuit 5 for the working liquid includes, downstream of the inlet manifold 6, two conduits 13, each of which traverses in series only some of the heat exchangers 4, the conduits then converging into the outlet manifold 9. Naturally, although Figure 3 illustrates the use of only two conduits 1 3, it is clear that the system illustrated in Figure 3 may be achieved by using any number of conduits 13 disposed downstream of the inlet manifold 6, each of these conduits traversing in series only that is a different one for each conduit, of the heat exchangers. The solution of Figure 3 hence allows the characterics of the circuit to be adjusted in a flexible manner to the needs of the utilization apparatus disposed downstream of the system.
Figure 4 illustrates a second embodiment of a system according to the invention, applicable when it is desired to use the heat recovered from the waste gases emitted from +he thermal treatment furnace for the production of steam and for the generation of electrical energy. In Figure 4, the parts common to Figure 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals. In the case of Figure 4, the circuit 5 for the working liquid includes a vaporizer 14, disposed downstream of the heat exchangers 4 adapted to feed steam through a conduit 15 to a steam turbine 16. The turbine 16 is coupled with a generator 1 7 for electrical energy.The circuit 5 includes, moreover, a condenser 18, disposed downstream of the turbine 1 6 for condensing the steam leaving the turbine, and a feed pump 19 for driving the circulation of the working liquid in the circuit 5.
Downstream of the feed pump 1 9 is a first, lowtemperature manifold 20 from which leave a plurality of conduits 21 which traverse a first number of the heat exchangers 4 in parallel. These conduits 21 converge downstream of the exchangers 4 in a medium-temperature manifold 22 from which leave a plurality of conduits 23 which traverse the remaining heat exchangers 4 in parallel. The conduits 23 converge downstream of the heat exchangers 4 in a high-temperature manifold 24 which is connected through a conduit 25 to the inlet of the vaporizer 14. This vaporizer is also connected to the medium-temperature manifold 22 through as conduit 26 in which a feed pump 27 is inserted.
In Figures 5, 6 the parts in common with Figure 4 are indicated by the same reference numerals. In the case of Figure 5, the main difference with respect to the plant of Figure 4 resides in the fact that a single conduit 28 leaves the lowtemperature manifold 20 and traverses the first number of the heat exchangers 4 in series and then converges into the medium-temperature manifold 22. From the medium-temperature manifold 22 leaves a further conduit 29 which traverses the remaining heat exchangers in series and then converges into the high-temperature manifold 24.
In the case of Figure 6, the main difference with respect to the plant of Figure 4 resides in the fact that two conduits 30 leave the low-temperature manifold 20, each of which traverses in series only some of the heat exchangers 4, then converging downstream of these exchangers in the mediumtemperature manifold 22. Two further conduits 31 leave this manifold, each of which traverses a further number of the heat exchangers 4 in series; the conduits then converging into the high- temperature manifold 24.
Naturally, although in Figure 6 only two conduits 30a and two conduits 31 are indicated, it is clear that any number of these conduits may be used.
The three systems illustrated in Figures 4 to 6 are, moreover, all provided with means for returning the working liquid into the circuit 5, consisting of a conduit 32 communicating with the medium-temperature manifold 22.
The choice between the three systems illustrated in Figures 4 to 6 depends, as in the case of Figures 1 to 3, on the temperature rise which it is desired to achieve in the working liquid, for the same thermal capacity available in the heat exchangers.
In Figure 7 the parts common to the preceeding figures are indicated with the same reference numerals. The main difference with respect to the system of Figure 4 resides in the fact that the vaporizer 1 4 feeds steam to an auxiliary circuit 33 in which is inserted a condenser 34 adapted to induce the super-heating of a flow of water 35 which traverses it. In Figure 7, the portion of the circuit 5 which traverses the heat exchangers 4 is formed according to the scheme illustrated in
Figure 3. The outlet manifold 9 is connected to the vaporizer 14 which in its turn is connected to the inlet manifold 6 by means of a conduit 36 in which is inserted a feed pump 37. It is clear, moreover, that the portion of the circuit 5 which traverses the heat exchangers 4 may be formed according to any of the schemes illustrated in the preceding figures.
As the working liquid circulating in the heat exchangers any diathermic fluid may be used instead of water. The possible vaporizer is then provided with a heat exchanger into which the flow of diathermic fluid heated by the waste gases is passed so as to induce vaporization of the water contained in the vaporizer. In this case, naturally, the steam circuit is completely separate from the diathermic fluid circuit.
It is clear that a system according to the present invention may be used not only when it is desired to recover heat from waste gases emitted from a thermal treatment furnace, but, in general, any time a plurality of thermal sources each having a low thermal capacity are available.
Naturally, while keeping to the principle of the invention, the details of construction and the embodiments may be widely varied with respect to those described and illustrated, purely by way of non-limiting example, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system for the recovery of heat from waste gases discharged from thermal treatment furnaces, characterised in that this system includes a plurality of conduits (3) for the waste gases discharged from a thermal treatment furnace (1), a plurality of heat exchangers (4) each traversed by one of th3 conduits (3) for the waste gases, and a circuit for a working liquid (5) which traverses the heat exchangers (4), recovering heat from the waste gases coming from the thermal treatment furnace (1).
2. System according to Claim 1, characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes an inlet manifold (6) for the working liquid, a feed pump (7) for driving the circulation of the working liquid, a plurality of conduits (8) for the working liquid which leave the inlet manifold (6) and traverse the heat exchangers (4) in parallel, and an outlet manifold (9) into which the said conduits (8) for the working liquid converge downstream of the heat exchangers (4), this circuit (5) being provided with an expansion chamber communicating with the said outlet manifold (9).
3. System according to Claim 1 characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes an inlet manifold (6) for the working liquid, a feed pump (7) for driving the circulation of the working liquid, a conduit ( 12) for the working liquid which leaves the inlet manifold (6) and traverses all the heat exchangers (4) in series, and an outlet manifold (9) connected to the conduit (12) for the working liquid downstream of the heat exchangers (4), this circuit (5) being provided with an expansion chamber communicating with the said outlet manifold (9).
4. System according to Claim 1, characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes an inlet manifold (6) for the working liquid, a feed pump (7) for driving the circulation of the working liquid, a plurality of conduits (13) for the working liquid which leave the inlet manifold (6), each of these conduits (13) traversing, in series, some of the said heat exchangers (4), different ones for each conduit, an outlet manifold (9) in which the conduits (13) for the working liquid converge downstream of the heat exchangers (4), this circuit (5) being provided with an expansion chamber communicating with the outlet manifold (9).
5. System according to Claim 1, characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes a vaporizer (14) disposed downstream of the heat exchangers (4), a steam turbine (16) fed by the vaporizer (14) and coupled to an electrical generator (17) a condenser (18) for condensing the steam leaving the turbine (16) and a feed pump (19) disposed downstream of the condenser (18), for driving the circulation of the working liquid in the said circuit (5).
6. System according to Claim 5 characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes, moreover, a first low-temperature manifold (20) which is disposed downstream of the feed pump (19), a plurality of conduits (21) which leave the first manifold (20) and traverse a first number of the heat exchangers (4) in parallel, a second medium-temperature manifold (22) into which the conduits (21) which leave the first manifold (20) converge, a plurality of conduits (23) which leave the second manifold (22) and traverse the remaining heat exchangers (4) in parallel, a third high-temperature manifold (24) in which the conduits which leave the second manifold (22) converge, and a conduit (25) which leaves the third manifold (24) to carry the heated working liquid to the vaporizer (14), this vaporizer also being provided with an outlet for the working liquid which is connected to the second manifold (22) through a conduit (26) in which a feed pump (27) is inserted, this system being provided, moreover, with means (32) for returning the working liquid into the said circuit (5).
7. System according to Claim 5, characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes, moreover a first low-temperature manifold (20) which is disposed downstream of the feed pump (19), a first conduit (28) which leaves the first manifold (20) and traverses a first number of the heat exchangers (4) in the series, a second medium-temperature manifold (22) into which the conduit (28) which leaves the first manifold (20) converges, a second conduit (29) which leaves the second manifold (22) and traverses, in series, the remaining heat exchangers (4), a third high-temperature manifold (24) into which the conduit (29) which leaves the second manifold (22) converges, and a conduit (25) which leaves the third manifold (24) to carry the heated working liquid to the vaporizer (14), this vaporizer also being provided with an outlet for the working liquid which is connected to the second manifold (22) by means of a conduit (26) in which a feed pump (27) is inserted, this system being, moreover, provided with means (32) for returning the working liquid into the circuit (5).
8. System according to Claim 5, characterised in that the circuit (5) for the working liquid includes, moreover, a first low-temperature manifold (20), which is disposed downstream of the said feed pump (19), a plurality of conduits (30) which leaves the first manifold (20), each of which traverses in series some of the heat exchangers (4), different ones for each conduit, a second medium-temperature manifold (22) into which the conduits (30) which leaves the first manifold (20) converge, a plurality of conduits (31) which leave the second manifold (22), each of which traverses a further number of the heat exchangers (4) in series, different ones for each conduit, a third high-temperature manifold (24) into which the conduits (31) which leave the second manifold (22) converge, and a conduit (25) which leaves the third manifold (24) to carry the heated working liquid to the vaporizer (14), this vaporizer also being provided with an outlet for the working liquid which is connected to the second manifold (22) by means of a conduit (26) in which a feed pump (27) is inserted, this system being, moreover, provided with means (32) for returning the working liquid into the said circuit.
9. System according to Claim 5, characterised in that the circuit for the working liquid includes, moreover, means for super-heating the steam leaving the vaporizer.
1 0. System according to any of Claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the circuit for the working liquid includes a vaporizer (14) fed by the working liquid leaving the heat exchangers (4) and having an outlet for the working liquid which is connected to the inlets to the heat exchangers (4) by means of a conduit (36) in which a feed pump (37) is inserted, this vaporizer (14) being fed with steam from an auxiliary circuit (33) in which a condenser (34) for the production of super-haated water is inserted.
The whole substantially as described and illustrated and for the purposes specified.
New claims or amendments to claims filed on 23.4.80. New or amended claim: 11.
1 A system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT69667/78A IT1160944B (en) | 1978-11-22 | 1978-11-22 | SYSTEM FOR THE RECOVERY OF ENTHALPIA FROM EXHAUST GAS EMITTED BY HEAT TREATMENT OVENS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2045418A true GB2045418A (en) | 1980-10-29 |
Family
ID=11312590
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7940074A Withdrawn GB2045418A (en) | 1978-11-22 | 1979-11-20 | System for the recovery of heat from waste gases |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE880194A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES486570A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2442417A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2045418A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1160944B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007065623A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Kti-Engineering Gbr | Device for heating at least one continuously cast bar |
| CN101545725B (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2011-08-17 | 枣庄新中兴实业有限责任公司 | Power generation process with waste heat of tunnel kiln |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3142860A1 (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1983-05-11 | Italimpianti (Deutschland) Industrieanlagen GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREHEATING" |
| IT1158148B (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1987-02-18 | Danieli Off Mecc | PROCEDURE AND MEANS FOR PREHEATING OF THE LOADING SCRAP OF A FUSARY FURNACE |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5066379A (en) * | 1973-10-19 | 1975-06-04 |
-
1978
- 1978-11-22 IT IT69667/78A patent/IT1160944B/en active
-
1979
- 1979-11-20 GB GB7940074A patent/GB2045418A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-11-21 BE BE0/198234A patent/BE880194A/en unknown
- 1979-11-21 FR FR7928743A patent/FR2442417A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-11-21 ES ES486570A patent/ES486570A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007065623A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Kti-Engineering Gbr | Device for heating at least one continuously cast bar |
| CN101545725B (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2011-08-17 | 枣庄新中兴实业有限责任公司 | Power generation process with waste heat of tunnel kiln |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE880194A (en) | 1980-03-17 |
| IT7869667A0 (en) | 1978-11-22 |
| IT1160944B (en) | 1987-03-11 |
| ES486570A1 (en) | 1980-05-16 |
| FR2442417A1 (en) | 1980-06-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |