GB2038940A - Exhaust By-pass Valve Apparatus for Double Entry Type I.C. Engine Turbocharger - Google Patents

Exhaust By-pass Valve Apparatus for Double Entry Type I.C. Engine Turbocharger Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2038940A
GB2038940A GB7942744A GB7942744A GB2038940A GB 2038940 A GB2038940 A GB 2038940A GB 7942744 A GB7942744 A GB 7942744A GB 7942744 A GB7942744 A GB 7942744A GB 2038940 A GB2038940 A GB 2038940A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
exhaust
pass
turbine
valve
pass valve
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Granted
Application number
GB7942744A
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GB2038940B (en
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Publication of GB2038940A publication Critical patent/GB2038940A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2038940B publication Critical patent/GB2038940B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
    • F02B37/025—Multiple scrolls or multiple gas passages guiding the gas to the pump drive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

In a double entry type turbocharger having two exhaust conduits (20, 21) formed, respectively with by-pass openings (22, 23), an exhaust by-pass valve apparatus is provided with a single by-pass valve (18) which controls both by-pass openings, and one diaphragm device which controls the by-pass valve by detecting discharge pressure of the intake air compressor. The by-pass apparatus may be formed integrally with the turbine or may be immediately upstream thereof (Figs. 6-8 not shown). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Exhaust By-pass Valve Apparatus for Double Entry Type Turbocharger The present invention relates to an exhaust bypass valve apparatus for a double entry type turbocharger having a turbine driven by the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and a compressor driven by the turbine to compress intake air supplied to the engine, two exhaust conduits extending between the turbine and two groups of cylinders of the engine, respectively. The cylinders are grouped so as to effectively utilize exhaust pulsations caused by phase difference of the exhaust stroke of the cylinder groups, and to enable efficient turbine drive.
Referring to Fig. 1, conventional double entry type turbocharger shown therein includes an exhaust conduit system comprising two exhaust conduits 2 and 3 which extend between two groups of cylinders and a turbine 5 of the turbocharger 4, respectively, exhaust by-pass conduits 14 and 1 5 branched from the exhaust conduits 2 and 3, respectively, and by-passing the turbine 5, and exhaust by-pass valves 13 and 13' controlling communication between the exhaust conduits 2 and 3 and the exhaust by-pass conduits 14 and 15, respectively. The exhaust bypass valves 1 3 and 13' are connected, respectively, with diaphragms 11 and 11' of a pair of diaphragm devices 10 and 10' which are actuated by detecting the discharge pressure of a compressor 8 of the turbocharger.When the discharge pressure of the compressor 8 exceeds a predetermined value, part of the exhaust gas is by-passed through the exhaust by-pass conduits 14 and 1 5 to control the flow rate of the exhaust gas supplied to the turbine 5.
However, the conventional exhaust by-pass control system shown in Fig. 1 has the following disadvantages.
(1) As the conventional system requires two exhaust by-pass valves and corresponding diaphragm devices, it is difficult to reduce initial cost and weight.
(2) As two exhaust by-pass valves are used, synchronous operation of these valves cannot be expected, so that operational efficiencies of the turbine and the engine are decreased.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved exhaust by-pass valve apparatus for a double entry type turbocharger which, while eliminating the above mentioned disadvantages of the conventional apparatus, permits the exhaust gas pulsations to be effectively utilized, and attains excellent supercharging properties.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such an exhaust by-pass valve apparatus which is compact and simple in construction, light in weight and easy to manufacture as compared with the conventional apparatus.
In order to achieve these objects, according to the present invention, there is provided an exhaust by-pass valve apparatus for a double entry type turbocharger having a turbine driven by exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and a compressor driven by the turbine to compress intake air supplied to the engine, two exhaust conduits connecting the turbine with two groups of cylinders of the engine, respectively, the apparatus comprising said exhaust conduits each formed with a by-pass opening, a by-pass conduit between said by-pass openings and atmosphere, an exhaust by-pass valve between said by-pass openings and the by-pass conduit and enclosing both of said by-pass openings, and a diaphragm device actuated by the discharge pressure of the compressor and opening said exhaust by-pass valve when said discharge pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
Advantages of the exhaust by-pass valve apparatus according to the present invention are as follows: (1) As the exhaust conduits are without projections, exhaust gas pulsations can be fully utilized, especially at low speed range while the exhaust by-pass valve is not actuated.
(2) As a single exhaust by-pass valve controls by-passing of two exhaust conduits simultaneously, operational efficiencies of the turbine and the engine are improved.
(3) As the exhaust by-pass valve apparatus is light in weight and simple in construction, a double entry type turbocharger controlled by the exhaust by-pass valve apparatus can be installed in vehicles for general purposes. Conventionally, such a turbocharger is combined with vehicles for special purposes only.
The present invention will now be described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a gas flow circuit of an internal combustion engine with a conventional exhaust by-pass valve system for a double entry type turbocharger; Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of an exhaust by-pass valve apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line Ill-Ill of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV--IV of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3 and showing a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a plan view of an exhaust by-pass valve apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;; Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VIl-VIl of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIll-VIll of Fig. 6.
The general construction of an internal combustion engine with double entry type turbocharger, per se, is basically similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except for the exhaust by-pass valve apparatus. Namely, the engine 1 has four cylinders #1 #2, #3 and #4 arranged in this sequence. Exhaust pipes from the cylinders #1 and t4 are joined into an exhaust conduit 2, while the exhaust pipes from the cylinders t;2 and 3 are joined into an exhaust conduit 3.The exhaust conduits 2 and 3 are connected to an inlet 1 6a of a turbine housing 1 6 of a turbocharger 4 which consists of a turbine 5 and a compressor 8, so as to drive a turbine impeller 5' in the turbine housing 1 6 by exhaust gas in the conduits 2 and 3. The turbine impeller 5' is connected through a drive shaft 4' with a compressor impeller 8' in a compressor housing 16, which is inserted in an intake pipe 6 of the engine 1 upstream of a carburetor throttle valve 7. The compressor impeller 8' feeds compressed air through the suction pipe 6 so that supercharged intake pressure is applied to the engine 1.
Referring now to Figs. 2 to 4, there is shown a first embodiment of an exhaust by-pass valve 1 8 according to the present invention. The inlet 1 6a of the turbine housing 1 6 defines passages 20 and 21 which are separated from each other by a partition wall 1 9 and are connected with the exhaust conduits 2 and 3, respectively. The side wall of the turbine housing 1 6 is formed with closely adjacent by-pass openings 22 and 23 disposed near the inlet 16a. The by-pass openings 22 and 23 are in communication with the passages 20 and 21, respectively. The outlets of the by-pass openings 22 and 23 are formed as a common valve seat 24 which encloses both the by-pass openings 22 and 23 and is substantially perpendicular to the partition wall 19.The openings 22 and 23 are opened or closed by an exhaust by-pass valve 1 8 mating with the valve seat 24. A single by-pass conduit 25 encircling the valve seat 24 is connected to an exhaust muffler, not shown, by-passing the turbine 5.
The exhaust by-pass valve 18 is supported by a lever 27 which is secured to one end of a valve rod 26. By turning a control lever 28 which, in turn, is secured to the other end of the valve rod 26, the lever 27 turns about the valve rod 26 to open or close the valve 1 8. Connected to the control lever 28 is a single diaphragm device, not shown, which detects discharge pressure of the compressor 8 through an exhaust by-pass valve control conduit, not shown. The diaphragm device may be similar with that shown in Fig. 1. Thus, the control lever 28 controls the opening of the exhaust by-pass valve 1 8 according to the discharge pressure of the compressor 8, to thereby regulate the flow rate of the exhaust gas which drives the turbine 5. Consequently, the desired supercharging property of the compressor 8 can be maintained.
Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the exhaust by-pass valve 18 is of the poppet-type. A valve rod 27' of the valve 1 8 is reciprocated vertically in the figure by a diaphragm device, not shown, to open or close the valve 1 8.
Figs, 6 to 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention, having a conduit means 29 which is inserted between the exhaust conduits 2 and 3 and the inlet 1 6a of the turbine housing 1 6.
The conduit means 29 is provided with the exhaust by-pass valve 1 8 and the exhaust by-pass conduit 25 which were directly mounted on the turbine casing 16 in the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 to 5. The conduit means 29 has a partition wall 32 which defines passages 30 and 31. The passages 30 and 31 open into the inlet 1 6a of the turbine housing 1 6 and communicate at the opposite ends with the exhaust conduits 2 and 3, respectively. The side wall of the conduit means 29 forms closely adjacent by-pass openings 33 and 34 which communicate with the passages 30 and 31, respectively. The outlets of the by-pass openings 33 and 34 are formed as a common valve seat 24 which encloses the openings 33 and 34.The exhaust by-pass valve 1 8 engages the valve seat 24 and controls opening between the exhaust by-pass conduit 25 and the passages 30 and 31. The control of the valve 18 shown in Figs. 6 to 8 is similar to that shown in Figs. 2 to 4.
Although in the embodiment of Figs. 6 to 8, the exhaust by-pass valve 1 8 is shown as a pivotable valve, the valve 18 may be a poppet valve as shown in Fig. 5.
For all the embodiments of the present invention thus far described, when the engine is in operation, exhaust gas is discharged alternately through the exhaust conduits 2 and 3 and drives the turbine 5. The turbine 5, in turn, drives the compressor 8 to thereby compress air to be supplied to the engine, and to effect supercharging. Since the exhaust conduits 2 and 3 are not disturbed by the exhaust by-pass valve 18, the pulsation effect of the exhaust gas can be fully utilized. As the discharge pressure of the compressor 8 exceeds a predetermined value, the diaphragm device actuates the control lever 28 or the valve rod 27' to open the by-pass valve 18. A portion of the exhaust gas leaks through the bypass openings 22, 23 or 33, 34 into the exhaust by-pass conduit 25. Thus, the rotational speed of the turbine 5 and hence, of the compressor 8 is decreased to maintain the desired discharge pressure of the compressor.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that the exhaust by-pass valve apparatus according to the present invention is compact and simple in construction and light in weight due to the provision of only one exhaust by-pass valve.
Further, as the discharge conduits are not disturbed by the exhaust by-pass valve, the pulsation effect of the exhaust gas can be fully utilized.

Claims (6)

Claims
1. An exhaust by-pass valve apparatus for a double entry type turbocharger having a turbine driven by the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and a compressor driven by the turbine to compress intake air supplied to the engine, two exhaust conduits connecting the turbine with two groups of cylinders of the engine, respectively, the apparatus comprising said exhaust conduits each formed with a by-pass opening, a by-pass conduit between said by-pass openings and atmosphere, an exhaust by-pass valve between said by-pass openings and the bypass conduit and enclosing both of said by-pass openings, and a diaphragm device actuated by the discharge pressure of the compressor and opening said exhaust by-pass valve when said discharge pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said by-pass openings are formed through a housing wall of said turbine, the turbine housing defining therein exhaust passages each communicating with the exhaust conduit and the by-pass opening.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a conduit means inserted between said two exhaust conduits and a turbine housing of said turbine, said conduit means defining two exhaust passages separated from each other by a partition and communicating with said exhaust conduits, respectively, said by-pass openings being formed through a side wall of said conduit means, and a by-pass valve seat formed on the outer surface of the side wall of the conduit means and enclosing outlets of said by-pass openings.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3, wherein said exhaust by-pass valve is a pivotable valve.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3, wherein said exhaust by-pass valve is a poppet valve.
6. An exhaust by-pass valve apparatus substantially as described with reference to, and as illustrated in, Figs. 2 to 4, or Fig. 5, or Figs. 6 to 8, of the accompanying drawings.
GB7942744A 1978-12-14 1979-12-11 Exhaust by-pass valve apparatus for double entry type ic engine turbocharger Expired GB2038940B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1978172329U JPS5588018U (en) 1978-12-14 1978-12-14

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GB2038940A true GB2038940A (en) 1980-07-30
GB2038940B GB2038940B (en) 1982-11-24

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GB (1) GB2038940B (en)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3321691A1 (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-03-29 Roto-Master, Inc., 91605 North Hollywood, Calif. RADIAL TURBINE HOUSING FOR AN EXHAUST GAS TURBOCHARGER AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME
GB2151700A (en) * 1983-11-11 1985-07-24 Elford Turbo Limited IC engine turbocharger and exhaust gas by-pass valve arrangement
US4611465A (en) * 1984-06-22 1986-09-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushi Kaisha Exhaust gas by-pass system in a turbocharger for an internal combustion engine
EP0401615A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-12 AlliedSignal Inc. Turbocharger
US5673559A (en) * 1995-11-24 1997-10-07 Benson; Steven R. Turbine housing system
GB2312930A (en) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-12 Daimler Benz Ag Exhaust driven turbocharger
DE19700662A1 (en) * 1997-01-10 1998-07-16 Daimler Benz Ag Exhaust gas turbocharger turbine for internal combustion engine
AT2433U1 (en) * 1997-05-28 1998-10-27 Avl List Gmbh INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH AN EXHAUST TURBOCHARGER
WO1999019613A1 (en) * 1997-10-09 1999-04-22 Ab Volvo Turbo-charged internal combustion engine
EP1016778A2 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-05 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Exhaust manifold integrally cast with turbine housing for turbocharger
WO2007138325A2 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited Turbocharger with dualwastegate
CN102472160A (en) * 2010-01-15 2012-05-23 三菱重工业株式会社 Waste gate valve
US20140230432A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2014-08-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Supercharged internal combustion engine with two-channel turbine and method for operating an internal combustion engine of said type
DE102016208159A1 (en) * 2016-05-12 2017-11-16 Continental Automotive Gmbh Turbine for a turbocharger with a double-flow turbine housing and a valve for flood connection
CN112377297A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-19 四川莱克斯流体控制设备有限公司 Multifunctional universal adjustable exhaust valve
DE102009015899B4 (en) * 2009-04-01 2021-03-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Closure flap for an exhaust gas turbocharger
US11280259B2 (en) 2017-10-18 2022-03-22 Cummins Ltd Turbine
US11408331B2 (en) 2020-03-06 2022-08-09 Borgwarner Inc. Wastegate assembly and turbocharger including the same
DE102007018617B4 (en) 2006-04-24 2022-08-25 Borgwarner Inc. Turbocharger with a control valve

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58114844U (en) * 1982-01-30 1983-08-05 いすゞ自動車株式会社 supercharging device
JPS58130028U (en) * 1982-02-27 1983-09-02 いすゞ自動車株式会社 supercharging device
DE102015011146A1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2016-03-03 Daimler Ag Turbine for an exhaust gas turbocharger

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3321691A1 (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-03-29 Roto-Master, Inc., 91605 North Hollywood, Calif. RADIAL TURBINE HOUSING FOR AN EXHAUST GAS TURBOCHARGER AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME
GB2151700A (en) * 1983-11-11 1985-07-24 Elford Turbo Limited IC engine turbocharger and exhaust gas by-pass valve arrangement
US4611465A (en) * 1984-06-22 1986-09-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushi Kaisha Exhaust gas by-pass system in a turbocharger for an internal combustion engine
EP0401615A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-12 AlliedSignal Inc. Turbocharger
US5046317A (en) * 1989-06-09 1991-09-10 Allied-Signal Inc. Wastegate valve for turbocharger
US5673559A (en) * 1995-11-24 1997-10-07 Benson; Steven R. Turbine housing system
US5943864A (en) * 1996-05-07 1999-08-31 Mercedes-Benz A.G. Exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine
GB2312930A (en) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-12 Daimler Benz Ag Exhaust driven turbocharger
GB2312930B (en) * 1996-05-07 1998-05-20 Daimler Benz Ag Exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal-combustion engine
DE19700662A1 (en) * 1997-01-10 1998-07-16 Daimler Benz Ag Exhaust gas turbocharger turbine for internal combustion engine
DE19700662B4 (en) * 1997-01-10 2005-05-04 Daimlerchrysler Ag Turbocharger turbine
AT2433U1 (en) * 1997-05-28 1998-10-27 Avl List Gmbh INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH AN EXHAUST TURBOCHARGER
WO1999019613A1 (en) * 1997-10-09 1999-04-22 Ab Volvo Turbo-charged internal combustion engine
US6250079B1 (en) 1997-10-09 2001-06-26 Ab Volvo Turbo-charged internal combustion engine
EP1016778A2 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-05 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Exhaust manifold integrally cast with turbine housing for turbocharger
EP1016778A3 (en) * 1998-12-28 2002-12-11 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Exhaust manifold integrally cast with turbine housing for turbocharger
DE102007018617B4 (en) 2006-04-24 2022-08-25 Borgwarner Inc. Turbocharger with a control valve
WO2007138325A2 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited Turbocharger with dualwastegate
US8336309B2 (en) 2006-05-31 2012-12-25 Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited Turbocharger with dual wastegate
CN101460710B (en) * 2006-05-31 2013-07-17 康明斯涡轮增压技术有限公司 Turbocharger with dual wastegate
WO2007138325A3 (en) * 2006-05-31 2008-01-17 Cummins Turbo Tech Ltd Turbocharger with dualwastegate
DE102009015899B4 (en) * 2009-04-01 2021-03-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Closure flap for an exhaust gas turbocharger
US8733101B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2014-05-27 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Wastegate valve
CN102472160A (en) * 2010-01-15 2012-05-23 三菱重工业株式会社 Waste gate valve
US9359939B2 (en) * 2013-02-20 2016-06-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Supercharged internal combustion engine with two-channel turbine and method
US20140230432A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2014-08-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Supercharged internal combustion engine with two-channel turbine and method for operating an internal combustion engine of said type
DE102016208159A1 (en) * 2016-05-12 2017-11-16 Continental Automotive Gmbh Turbine for a turbocharger with a double-flow turbine housing and a valve for flood connection
US10871102B2 (en) 2016-05-12 2020-12-22 Continental Automotive Gmbh Turbine for an exhaust turbocharger having a two-channel turbine housing and a valve for channel connection
DE102016208159B4 (en) 2016-05-12 2022-02-03 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Turbine for an exhaust gas turbocharger with a double-flow turbine housing and a valve for connecting the flows
US11280259B2 (en) 2017-10-18 2022-03-22 Cummins Ltd Turbine
US11408331B2 (en) 2020-03-06 2022-08-09 Borgwarner Inc. Wastegate assembly and turbocharger including the same
CN112377297A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-19 四川莱克斯流体控制设备有限公司 Multifunctional universal adjustable exhaust valve
CN112377297B (en) * 2020-11-16 2022-05-27 四川莱克斯流体控制设备有限公司 Multifunctional universal adjustable exhaust valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2038940B (en) 1982-11-24
JPS5588018U (en) 1980-06-18

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19921211