GB2038796A - Multi-base propellants - Google Patents
Multi-base propellants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2038796A GB2038796A GB7944658A GB7944658A GB2038796A GB 2038796 A GB2038796 A GB 2038796A GB 7944658 A GB7944658 A GB 7944658A GB 7944658 A GB7944658 A GB 7944658A GB 2038796 A GB2038796 A GB 2038796A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- propellant charge
- weight
- charge powder
- blasting
- powder according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
- C06B25/24—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine
Abstract
A multi-base propellant charge powder for tubular weapons and missiles is disclosed, which contains two or more blasting oils having different energy contents in addition to nitrocellulose and optionally at least one other nitro compound as energy carrier. It is possible to adjust any desired heat of explosion within a wide energy range without using energy-consuming materials, by suitable calculation of the proportions of the various blasting oils. In addition, the migration of the blasting oil into the combustible shell material of ammunition cartridges is clearly less than with propellant charge powders containing only one blasting oil.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Multi-base propellants
This invention relates to a multi-base propellant charge powder for tubular weapons and missiles with nitro-cellulose, blasting oils, and optionally other nitro compounds as energy carriers.
The purpose of the blasting oil in multi-base propellant charge powders of this type is to increase the energy content of the propellant charge powder, which is characterised by the heat of explosion, above a value which can be reached by using so-called mono-base powders consisting substantially only of nitrocellulose. The value of the heat of explosion corresponds in practical terms to the energy content of the nitrocellulose itself (eg approx. 4000 j/g). In addition, the blasting oil is used as a gelatinator for nitrocellulose. Occasionally, oils which are used to cause the nitrocellulose to gelatinate, but which have an energy content of less or at best equal to that of the lowest nitrated nitrocellulose, which is still used for powders, are not called blasting oils because of the energy increase which is aimed for.
The following alcohol nitrates are technically important blasting oils in the above sense:
Nitroglycerine CH2 - O - NO2 heat of explosion (=NGL) CR - O NO2 6322 J/g oxygen value + 3.5% CH2 - 0 - NO2 Diethylene glycol CR2 - 0 - NO2 heat of explosion di nitrate /CR2 4857 J/g C oxygen value - 40.8% CR2 (=diglycol dinitrate CH2 - O - NO = DEGN) CH2 - O - N02 1,2,4-butane triol IH2 heat of explosion trinitrate CR2 5945 J/g CH2 -0 - NO2 oxygenvalue-16.6% CR2 - O - N02 Methriol trinitrate cH2 - C - NO2 CH3 - C-CII2 O - NO2 heat of explosion 5175 J/g CR2 - 0 - NO2 oxygen value -34.5% Conventional propellant charge powders contain a single blasting oil. The blasting oil used in any particular formulation, its content, the nitro-cellulose content and its degree of nitration determine the properties of the propellant charge powder and its behaviour during production. The typical degree of nitration lying between 11.8 and 13.4 N2 therefore influences the production process and the energy content of the propellant charge powder.This applies to a greater extent for the blasting oil which is used in any particular case.
Since the blasting oils differ, for example, in the gelling behaviour relative to the nitrocellulose, the heat of explosion and the oxygen value, propellant charge powders having different properties can therefore be produced from them.
The propellant charge powders which are richest in energy are obtained by using nitroglycerine. Thus, for example, a double-base propellant charge powder produced with solvent with about 40% of nitroglycerine can be adjusted to a heat of explosion of 5,000 jlg. On the other hand, a comparable propellant charge powder with diglycol dinitrate produces a heat of explosion of 4200 J/g.
Taking into consideration the production process for a propellant charge powder, the heat of explosion thereof is virtually unable to rise beyond a specific value which is dependent on the blasting oil used at any time. Thus, for example, it is impossible, without the use of solvents, to produce a propellant charge powder containing diglycol dinitrate as blasting oil and having a heat of explosion of 4750 J/g. In the past, it was normal in such cases to adjust the heat of explosion required by using a higher calorific oil, i.e. nitroglycerine in the example above, and by simultaneously incorporating energy-consuming materials such as, for example, centralite or phthalates.It is necessary to use energy-consuming materials because propellant charge powder demands a specific minimum quantity of blasting oil, i.e. nitroglycerine in the example, for rnnennc nf nrnril Irtinn fnr nuamnlA its hnmnoenisation and aelatination on hot rolling mills. However, this minimum quantity of blasting oil would result in exceeding the required heat of explosion if energyconsuming materials were not used. On the other hand, the energy-consuming material in the propellant charge powder can be ballast for the actual operation thereof, which can adversely affect desired properties of the propellant charge powder under certain circumstances.
The known tri-base propellant charge powders, for example nitroguanidine-containing nitroglycerine powder or nitroguanidine-containing diglycol dinitrate powder, known as gudol powder, also contain only one blasting oil each. When using these tri-base propellant charge powders, it is not therefore possible to adjust a heat of explosion which is predetermined as desired within a considerable range without energy-consuming materials. The other energy carrier contained in tri-base propellant charge powders, for example nitroguanidine, cannot be used for such adjustment because it does not induce gelatination but instead is a filler which can be incorporated into the nitrocellulose blasting oil gel only to a limited extent.
An object of the invention is to provide a new multi-base propellant charge powder. This powder should, in particular, be adjustable within a wide range to a desired heat of explosion, be easy to produce and, in addition, also be further improved in its other properties, in particular in its blasting behaviour and its storage ability compared to conventional propellant charge powders.
The invention thus provides a multi-base propellant charge powder which contains two or more different blasting oils instead of the conventionally used single, chemically uniform blasting oil.
With the propellant charge powder according to the invention, it is possible in a surprisingly simple way to adjust precisely a specific, predetermined heat of explosion without using energy-consuming materials merely by suitable variation of the proportions of the at least two different blasting oils, which also differ in their energy content. The adaptability resulting from the incorporation of two or more blasting oils allows the precise adjustment of a required heat of explosion, even taking into consideration limits for the composition which are brought about by the production procedure, and taking into consideration other properties which are to be demanded of a propellant charge powder.
Blasting oils which are preferably used for the propellant charge powder according to the invention are nitroglycerine, diglycol dinitrate, methriol trinitrate and 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate. With the propellant charge powder according to the invention, it is preferred that the proportion of higher calorific blasting oils in the total blasting oil content is calculated in such a way that a specific, predetermined explosion heat is obtained without energy-consuming ballast materials such as phthalates or centralites. It is thus advantageous to make the content of lower calorific blasting oils as large as possible and to incorporate higher calorific blasting oils into the propellant charge powder only in the quantity needed for obtaining the required heat of explosion, within the limits for the total blasting oil content.The lower limit is generally based on the production process and the upper limit on the properties of the powder. The bonding behaviour, for example, of the blasting oils is also considered with respect to the risk of exudation.
The propellant charge powder according to the invention may be produced solvent-free (solventless procedure), for example on rolling mills and/or extruders. The total blasting oil content is preferably determined with regard to optimum homogenization and gelatination in the production process. The total blasting oil content in this embodiment generally amounts to at most 100% by weight, preferably between 54% by weight and 82% by weight, based on the content of nitrocellulose. The powder generally contains approximately 33-52% by weight diglycol dinitrate, preferably 41-43% by weight diglycol dinitrate, and approximately 21-30% by weight nitroglycerine, preferably 24-26% by weight nitroglycerine.
The propellant charge powder may be produced as a double-base or triple-base powder with a limited addition of solvent as gelatination agent (semi-solvent procedure), and the total blasting oil content in this case preferably amounts to up to 30% by weight.
The propellant charge powder may also be produced by a conventional solvent process (solvent procedure), in which the total blasting oil content is determined in each case with regard to the heat of explosion to be adjusted and/or the proportion of nitroguanidine or nitramine to be incorporated. In this case the total blasting oil content is preferably determined in such a way that up to 55% by weight of nitroguanidine or nitramines such as hexogen or octogen can be incorporated into the nitrocellulose blasting oil gel. The total blasting oil content preferably amounts to up to 150% by weight, based on the nitrocellulose content.
The advantageous adjustability of the heat of explosion in a propellant charge powder according to the invention is demonstrated by the following comparison:
A conventional propellant charge powder A has the following composition:
Nitrocellulose with 13.1 % N2 52.00 % by weight
Nitroglycerine 40.00 % by weight
Plasticisers 5.50 % by weight
Stabilisers 2.50 % by weight 100.00 % by weight
The heat of explosion amounts to about 4600 J/g.
A different conventional propellant charge powder B has the following composition: Nitrocellulosewith 12.6 % N2 56.00 % by weight
Nitroglycerine 38.80 % by weight
Stabilisers 5.10 % by weight
Magnesium oxide + Graphite 0.10 % by weight
100.00 % by weight
The heat of explosion amounts to about 4,600 J/g.
A propellant charge powder C according to the invention has the following composition:
Nitrocellulose with 13.0 % N2 59.50 % by weight
Diglycol dinitrate 24.80 % by weight
Nitroglycerine 14.90 % by weight
Stabilisers 0.70 % by weight
Magnesium oxide + Graphite 0.10% byweight 100.00 % by weight
The heat of explosion again amounts to about 4,600 Joule/g.
The propellant charge powders A and B contain a much higher proportion of stabilisers and plasticisers, and of stabilisers, respectively, than necessary. The excess proportion serves only to consume the energy, by means of which the heat of explosion is adjusted to the value indicated. With the propellant charge powder C according to the invention, however, the same explosion heat is obtained without special energy consumption by the incorporation of two blasting oils in suitable proportions.
In order to compare the properties of the powders, the propellantcharge powders B and C were inserted in a 105 mm calibre weapon. In this process, it was found that the propellant charge powder C according to the invention has a much more favourable external temperature-pressure behaviour than the propellant charge powder B. The propellant charge powder B demonstrated a rise in pressure which should be judged as critical at only -40 C, but this did not occur under otherwise identical conditions with the propellant charge powder C.
The blasting properties of the propellant charge powders A and C were compared with a 120 mm calibre weapon. It was found that the propellant charge powder C according to the invention produced blasting rates which were only achieved by the propellant charge powder A at pressures which were 100 to 200 bar higher.
The propellant charge powder according to the invention with several blasting oils is therefore of clear ballistic superiority relative to conventional propellant charge powders.
The propellant charge powder according to the invention exhibits another advantageous property:
Combustible cartridge shells are being used more and more in modern weapon systems instead of the conventional metal cartridges. They consist, for example, of a high proportion of nitrocelluloses and additional neutral fibres, a resin binder and a chemical stabiliserforthe nitrocellulose. Owing to their material composition, they can absorb softeners and blasting oils in contact with propellant charge powders.
However, in order to guarantee that ammunition with combustible casings can be stored for a long time, it is important that the propellant charge powder releases a minimum amount of blasting oil into the casing material.
Examination of the propellant charge powder according to the invention in this respect surprisingly revealed that it releases considerably less polyalcohol nitrate into combustible casing material than conventional propellant charge powders.
In particular, an investigation was carried out with the above-mentioned propellant charge powders A and
C by pressing propellant charge powder between two pieces of combustible casing material and storing it in well sealed bottles 65"C and 80"C. The increase in the weight of the combustible casing material was followed over a period of time.
At 80"C storage temperature, the following increases in weight were determined.
Powder A Powder C Difference
After one week 9.0 % 7.3 % 1.7 % After three weeks 16.7 % 12.0 % 4.7 %
After six weeks 21.4 % 14.5 % 6.9 % At 65"C storage temperature, the following increase in weight was determined after 18 days:
Powder A Powder C Difference 8.0% 6.9% 1.1 % The results listed above clearly demonstrate the superiority of a propellant charge powder according to the invention over a conventional propellant charge powder with regard to the migration of the blasting oil into the casing material.
Finally, the additional advantage of comparatively slight erosion of the barrel of the weapon can be expected in the case of a propellant charge powder according to the invention owing to the precise adjustability of the heat of explosion.
Four embodiments of the propellant charge powder according to the invention are described in more detail below.
Example I
A solvent-free diglycol dinitrate/nitroglycerine propellant charge powder was produced as follows: 148.8 kg Dry weight of a 30 % water-containing pulverulent raw mixture having the following composition,
based on dry weight: 60 % Nitrocellulose having a degree of nitration of 13.0 % nitrogen 25 % Diglycol dinitrate 15 % Nitroglycerine: 1.080 kg Akardit II 0.074 kg Magnesium oxide 0.075 kg Graphite are mixed together in a 400 1 kneader of the type conventionally used in powder production.
After optimum thorough mixing in the kneader, the mixture is worked on a roller kneading mechanism at 85"C to a thoroughly gelatinised sheet in the conventional way, then rolled into a press roll and pressed in a hydraulic press at 70"C to a 7-hole strand whose diameter and web width are adjusted to the requirements of the ammunition. After cutting the strands to the required length, the powder is mixed after storage to ripen.
The finished powder has the following composition within the limits of tolerance: Nitrocellulose with 13.0 9/0 nitrogen 59.5 % by weight Diglycol dinitrate 24.8 % by weight
Nitroglycerine 14.9 % by weight Akardit II 0.7 O/o by weight Graphite 0.05 % by weight
Magnesium oxide 0.05 % by weight 100.00 % by weight
Its heat of explosion amounts to about 4,600 Jíg.
The desirable ballistic behaviour described above was observed in the propellant charge powder.
Example 2
A solvent-free butanetriol trinitrate nitroglycerine propellant charge powder was produced as follows:
The kneading mixture is as follows:
148.8 kg Dry weight of a 30% water-containing raw powder mixture having the following composition,
based on dry weight:
64% Nitrocellulose having a degree of nitration of 13.0% nitrogen,
22% 1 2,4-butanetriol trinitrate,
14% Nitroglycerine,
0.375 kg Centralit I
0.675 kg Akardit II
0.075 kg Magnesium oxide
0.075 kg Graphite
The production corresponds to Example 1.
The finished powder has the following composition within the limits of tolerance:
Nitrocellulose with 13.0% nitrogen 63.50 % by weight 1 ,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate 21.70 % by weight
Nitroglycerine 14.00 % by weight
Centralit I 0.25 % by weight
Akardit II 0.45 % by weight
Graphite 0.05 % by weight
Magnesium oxide 0.05 % by weight 100.00 % by weight
Its heat of explosion amounts to about 4950 J/g.
Example 3
A solvent-free diglycol dinitrate/nitroglycerine/nitroguanidine propellant charge powder was produced as follows:
The kneading mixture is as follows: 103.8 kg Dry weight of a 30% water-containing pulverulent raw mixture analogous to Example 2,
having diglycol dinitrate instead of 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate 45.0 kg Nitroguanidine
0.300 kg Centralit I
0.750 kg Akardit II
0.075 kg Magnesium oxide
0.075 kg Graphite
The production corresponds to Example 1.
The finished powder has the following composition within the limits of tolerance: Nitrocellylosewith 13.0 % nitrogen 44.30 % by weight
Diglycol dinitrate 15.00 % by weight
Nitroglycerine 9.90 % by weight
Nitroguanidine 30.00 % by weight
Centralit 1 0.20 % by weight
Akardit Il 0.50 % by weight
Magnesium oxide 0.05 % by weight
Graphite 0.05 % by weight
100.00 % by weight
Its heat of explosion amounts to about 4,100 J/g.
Example 4
A solvent-containing butanetriol trinitratelmethriol trinitrate/diglycol dinitrate/nitroguanidine propellant charge powder was produced as follows:
172 kg of a 30% alcohol-containing nitrocellulose with 12.8% N2 110 keg nitrocellulose, converted
into alcohol-free substance) 40 kg Nitroguanidine
2 kg Akardit II are introduced into a 400 litre kneader.
A mixture of the following blasting oils which has been desensitized with solvents is introduced into this
premixed material:
16 kg 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate
Methriol trinitrate
16 kg Diglycol dinitrate 40 kg Alcohol-ether mixture.
After mixing in the kneader, the mixture is left to ripen for 10 days at about 25or, thoroughly kneaded again thereafter and subsequently pressed in the hydraulic press to single hole strands. After cutting, the powder
is dried in a warm air stream, optionally under vacuum.
The finished powder has the following composition within the limits of tolerance:
Nitrocellulose with 12.8% nitrogen 55.0% by weight 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate 8.00 % by weight
Methriol trinitrate 8.00 % by weight
Diglycol dinitrate 8.00 % by weight
Nitroguanidine 20.00 % by weight
Akardit II 1.00 % by weight 100.00 % by weight
Its heat of explosion amounts to about 3960 J/g.
Claims (15)
1. A multi-base propellant charge powder for tubular weapons and missiles, comprising nitrocellulose, at least two different blasting oils, and optionally at least one other nitro compound as energy carrier.
2. A propellant charge powder according to claim 1, containing a mixture of at least two of the blasting oils: nitroglycerine, diglycol dinitrate, methriol trinitrate and 1 2,4-butanetriol trinitrate.
3. A propellant charge powder according to claim 2, containing the blasting oils: nitroglycerine and diglycol di nitrate.
4. A propellant charge powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is produced free from solvents (solventless procedure), in which the total blasting oil content is determined with regard to optimum homogenization and gelatination in the production process
5. A propellant charge powder according to claim 4, in which the total blasting oil content, based on the content of nitrocellulose, amounts at most to 100% by weight.
6. A propellant charge powder according to claim 5, in which the total blasting oil content, based on the content of nitrocellulose, amounts to between 54% by weight and 82% by weight.
7. A propellant charge powder according to any one of claims 3,5 and 6, in which the powder contains 33-52% by weight of diglycol dinitrate and 21-30% by weight of nitroglycerine.
8. A propellant charge powder according to claim 7, in which the powder contains 41-43% by weight of diglycol dinitrate and 24-26% by weight of nitroglycerine.
9. A propellant charge powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is produced as a double-base or triple-base powder with a limited amount of solvent as gelatination agent (semi-solvent procedure), in which the total blasting oil content amounts to up to 30% by weight.
10. A propellant charge powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is produced with solvents (solvent procedure), in which the total blasting oil content is determined in each case with regard to the heat of explosion to be adjusted and, or the proportion of nitroguanidine or nitramine to be incorporated.
11. A propellant charge powder according to claim 10, in which the total blasting oil content is determined in such a way that up to 55% by weight of nitroguanidine or nitramines can be incorporated into the nitrocellulose-blasting oil gel.
12. A propellant charge powder according to claim 11, in which the nitramine is hexogen or octogen.
13. A propellant charge powder according to claim 11 or 12, in which the total blasting oil content amounts to up to 150% by weight, based on the nitrocellulose content.
14. A propellant charge powder according to any one of claims 1 to 13, in which the proportion of higher calorific blasting oils in the total blasting oil content is calculated in such a way that a specific, predetermined explosion heat is obtained without energy-consuming ballast materials such as phthalates or centralites.
15. A propellant charge powder according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any of the Examples.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2900020A DE2900020C2 (en) | 1979-01-02 | 1979-01-02 | Process for the production of a polybasic propellant charge powder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2038796A true GB2038796A (en) | 1980-07-30 |
| GB2038796B GB2038796B (en) | 1982-11-17 |
Family
ID=6059967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7944658A Expired GB2038796B (en) | 1979-01-02 | 1979-12-31 | Multi-base propellants |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5595698A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE880961A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1168052A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH644831A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2900020C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES487140A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2445823A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2038796B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR71450B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1127288B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL186807B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO151036C (en) |
| PT (1) | PT70653A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE449487B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA796889B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990013528A2 (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1990-11-15 | Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh | Process and device for producing a tribasic propellent powder |
| EP0490258A1 (en) * | 1990-12-11 | 1992-06-17 | Hercules Incorporated | Stable plasticizers for nitrocellulose/nitroguanidine-type compositions |
| GB2258230A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1993-02-03 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Production of double-base propergol propellant blocks |
| NL8501006A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1993-10-01 | Ici Plc | NITROCELLULOSE PROPELLER COMPOSITION. |
| WO1998034891A1 (en) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-13 | Diehl Stiftung & Co. | Propellant powder for barrelled weapons |
| FR2839715A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-21 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | A propellant powder composition for use in handguns, rifles, machine guns and cannon and based on nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine comprises a nitrated energetic organic compound comprising a nitrogen heterocycle |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5987446B2 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2016-09-07 | 日油株式会社 | Triple base propellant composition |
| JP2015105219A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-08 | 日油株式会社 | Triple based propellant composition |
| JP6402899B2 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2018-10-10 | 日油株式会社 | Triple base propellant composition |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR341911A (en) * | 1904-04-06 | 1904-08-23 | Anton Mikolajczak | Manufacturing process of explosives and powders |
| GB343107A (en) * | 1929-09-11 | 1931-02-11 | Arthur Hough | Improvements in the manufacture of smokeless powder propellants |
| DE548427C (en) * | 1931-01-10 | 1932-04-19 | Chemische Fabriken | Process for the production of solvent-free, low-smoke powders |
| US3951706A (en) * | 1962-07-03 | 1976-04-20 | Eldridge Judson B | Solid propellant mixtures and process of preparation |
| US3865659A (en) * | 1965-06-16 | 1975-02-11 | Dow Chemical Co | Nitrocellulose propellant composition containing metal and triaminoguanidinium hydrazinium diazide |
| US3867214A (en) * | 1967-09-18 | 1975-02-18 | Us Army | Nitrocellulose doublebase propellant containing ternary mixture of nitrate esters |
| FR2165093A5 (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1973-08-03 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | |
| JPS5743556B2 (en) * | 1973-01-08 | 1982-09-16 | ||
| US4082583A (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1978-04-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solventless double base propellants and method for plasticizing mtn nitrocellulose propellants without use of solvents |
| DE2603927A1 (en) * | 1976-02-03 | 1977-08-04 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | TEMPERATURE COMPENSATING DRIVE CHARGE |
-
1979
- 1979-01-02 DE DE2900020A patent/DE2900020C2/en not_active Expired
- 1979-12-04 CH CH1073779A patent/CH644831A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-12-17 GR GR60782A patent/GR71450B/el unknown
- 1979-12-18 IT IT28168/79A patent/IT1127288B/en active
- 1979-12-19 NL NLAANVRAGE7909134,A patent/NL186807B/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-12-19 ZA ZA00796889A patent/ZA796889B/en unknown
- 1979-12-20 ES ES487140A patent/ES487140A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-12-20 NO NO794219A patent/NO151036C/en unknown
- 1979-12-20 FR FR7931290A patent/FR2445823A1/en active Granted
- 1979-12-21 CA CA000342521A patent/CA1168052A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-12-22 JP JP16748079A patent/JPS5595698A/en active Granted
- 1979-12-27 SE SE7910652A patent/SE449487B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-12-28 BE BE0/198825A patent/BE880961A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-12-31 GB GB7944658A patent/GB2038796B/en not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-01-02 PT PT70653A patent/PT70653A/en unknown
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2258230A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1993-02-03 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Production of double-base propergol propellant blocks |
| NL8501006A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1993-10-01 | Ici Plc | NITROCELLULOSE PROPELLER COMPOSITION. |
| FR2692571A1 (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1993-12-24 | Ici Plc | Nitrocellulose based propellants |
| WO1990013528A2 (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1990-11-15 | Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh | Process and device for producing a tribasic propellent powder |
| WO1990013528A3 (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1990-12-27 | Nitrochemie Gmbh | Process and device for producing a tribasic propellent powder |
| GR900100307A (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1991-10-10 | Nitrochemie Gmbh | Method and arrangement for the fabrication of a powder propelling discharge |
| EP0490258A1 (en) * | 1990-12-11 | 1992-06-17 | Hercules Incorporated | Stable plasticizers for nitrocellulose/nitroguanidine-type compositions |
| US5520756A (en) * | 1990-12-11 | 1996-05-28 | Hercules Incorporated | Stable plasticizers for nitrocellulose nitroguanidine-type compositions |
| WO1998034891A1 (en) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-13 | Diehl Stiftung & Co. | Propellant powder for barrelled weapons |
| FR2839715A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-21 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | A propellant powder composition for use in handguns, rifles, machine guns and cannon and based on nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine comprises a nitrated energetic organic compound comprising a nitrogen heterocycle |
| EP1364931A3 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2010-10-06 | SNPE Matériaux Energétiques | Composition of gun propellant powders of high power and reduced erosive action |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE449487B (en) | 1987-05-04 |
| CH644831A5 (en) | 1984-08-31 |
| ZA796889B (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| NO794219L (en) | 1980-07-03 |
| IT1127288B (en) | 1986-05-21 |
| DE2900020A1 (en) | 1980-07-03 |
| BE880961A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| NL186807B (en) | 1990-10-01 |
| GB2038796B (en) | 1982-11-17 |
| SE7910652L (en) | 1980-07-03 |
| GR71450B (en) | 1983-05-18 |
| DE2900020C2 (en) | 1982-12-09 |
| IT7928168A0 (en) | 1979-12-18 |
| NO151036C (en) | 1985-01-30 |
| JPH0234914B2 (en) | 1990-08-07 |
| JPS5595698A (en) | 1980-07-21 |
| NL7909134A (en) | 1980-07-04 |
| PT70653A (en) | 1980-02-01 |
| NO151036B (en) | 1984-10-22 |
| CA1168052A (en) | 1984-05-29 |
| FR2445823A1 (en) | 1980-08-01 |
| FR2445823B1 (en) | 1984-06-01 |
| ES487140A1 (en) | 1980-09-16 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19991230 |