GB2036883A - Turbine Casing of Small-sized Turbocharger - Google Patents
Turbine Casing of Small-sized Turbocharger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2036883A GB2036883A GB7937559A GB7937559A GB2036883A GB 2036883 A GB2036883 A GB 2036883A GB 7937559 A GB7937559 A GB 7937559A GB 7937559 A GB7937559 A GB 7937559A GB 2036883 A GB2036883 A GB 2036883A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- turbine casing
- small
- turbine
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
- F01D25/145—Thermally insulated casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
In a small-sized turbocharger, the scroll portion of a turbine casing 3 which is exposed to high temperature exhaust gases is made of ceramic material in order to improve its heat resisting properties. The scroll portion is formed of two parts 7, 8 which adjoin in a vertical plane, the scroll being encased within a metal casing comprising an outer shell 9 and an end plate 10. Connecting bolts are shown at 11, 12, 13. The ceramic material may be alumina. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Turbine Casing of Small-sized Turbocharger
The present invention relates to a small-sized turbocharger and more particularly a turbine casing thereof.
In order to save energy and meet emission controls, small-sized exhaust-driven turbochargers have been increasingly used in various internal combustion engines for land vehicles, ships and various stationary machines.
According to the present invention in a turbine casing of a small-sized turbocharger, the parts directly exposed to high-temperature exhaust gases are made of ceramic materials, for example alumina. Such parts may comprise a scroll portion.
The outer surfaces of the ceramic portions may be reinforced with metallic reinforcing means, such as an outer casing.
Further features and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description of one specific embodiment that will be given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which;
Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional small-sized turbocharger;
Figure 2 is a front view of a turbine casing of a turbocharger in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 2.
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of a typical small-sized turbocharger wherein a combined turbine and compressor shaft 2 is rotatably supported in a bearing casing 1 and carries at its ends a turbine impeller 4, which rotates in a turbine casing 3, and a blower wheel 6, which rotates in a blower or compressor casing 5.
High temperatures exhaust gases are introduced into the turbine casing 3 to rotate the turbine impeller 4 so that the blower wheel 6 is rotated to discharge the compressed air from the blower casing 5 to an induction system (not shown).
The turbine casing 3 of the known small-sized turbocharger of the type described above has some problems. First, when the temperature of the exhaust gases introduced into the turbine casing 3 is too high, thermal deformations of the turbine casing 3 may result. When the turbocharger is used with a diesel engine, the exhaust gases are in general at 750 to 8000C.
Therefore when the turbine casing 3 is made of
FCD 40 (modular graphitic cast iron), although thermal deformations may be substantially avoided, local separations due to oxidation and local thermal deformations are observed in some cases. When the turbocharger is used for a gasoline engine whose exhaust gas temperature is in excess of 10000 C, the turbine casing 3 is generally made of Niresist containing 20% of nickel. However, after a long, continuous operation at 1 000C, some thermal deformations result. Furthermore, the cost of Niresist is 2.8 times as high as that of FCD 40.
Thus, there has been an increasing demand for a countermeasure against thermal deformations by using materials which are more heat resistant than Niresist and as inexpensive as FCD 40.
In view of the above, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized turbocharger wherein the portions of the turbine casing which are exposed directly to hightemperature exhaust gases are made of highly heat resistant ceramics and furthermore are reinforced mechanically to avoid thermal deformations.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the turbine casing 3 in accordance with the present invention includes a vertically split scrolled portion which consists of an outer section 7 and an inner section 8 both made of ceramics., e.g. alumina.
Since the scrolled sections 7 and 8 are made of ceramics which exhibit excellent heat resistant and thermal shock resistant properties and have a low thermal conductant and a low coefficient of thermal expansion, the separations of walls of the scrolled sections 7 and 8, due to oxidation and thermal deformations of the scrolled sections, may be substantially eliminated even when they are exposed to high-temperature exhaust gases.
The scrolled sections 7 and 8 are encased in a metallic, protective casing consisting of a roughly dished shell 9 and an end plate 10 which is bolted to the bearing casing 1 with bolts 11. The shell 9 is provided with flange bolts 12 at the gas entrance and flange bolts 13 at gas discharge port. The casing 9 and 10 may be of stainless steel.
By being encased in the metallic casing 9 and 10, the scrolled sections 7 and 8 are reinforced mechanically.
Thus the scrolled sections 7 and 8 which are made of ceramics are readily susceptible to damage due to mechanical shocks but are encased in the metallic casing to prevent them from being directly subjected to mechanical shocks or impulses. Moreover, although the protective casing members 9 and 10 are made of metallic materials which though ductile and exhibiting high mechanical strength at low temperatures, lack mechanical strength at increased temperature, the outer surfaces of the scrolled sections 7 and 8 are maintained at low temperatures because of excellent heat resisting properties of ceramics so that the metallic members 9 and 10 themselves may be maintained at low temperatures.As a result, their mechanical strength and rigidity are not degraded so that the expansion of the metallic members 9 and 10 is very small and the metallic, protective members 9 and 10 may effectively protect the ceramic scrolled sections 7 and 8.
Instead of the scrolled portion consisting of two split sections 7 and 8, it may be fabricated as a unitary construction. The protective shell or casing may be also made into a unitary construction.
Because of the construction of the turbine casing described above, the present invention has the following excellent effects, features and advantages:
(i) Since the scrolled portion of the turbine casing is made of ceramics, high heat resistance may be ensured and the turbine casing may be fabricated at less costs.
(ii) Because of the excellent thermal properties of the ceramics, the outer surfaces of the scrolled portion may be maintained at low temperatures.
As a result, it is not necessary to provide special heat dissipating surfaces so that the metallic, protective casing may be made simple in shape and construction.
(iii) Since the ceramic scrolled portion which exhibits excellent heat resistance is protected by the metallic, protective casing which is very strong against mechanical shocks, the service life may be remarkedly improved and consequently greater economical advantages may be obtained.
In addition, the turbine casing may be made light in weight.
(iv) When the scrolled portion is split, into two sections, the fabrication may be facilitated.
Claims (7)
1. A turbine casing of a small-sized turbocharger whereof the parts directly exposed to high temperature-exhaust gases are made of ceramic materials.
2. A casing as claimed in Claim 1 in which the ceramic parts comprise a scroll portion.
3. A turbine casing as set forth in Claim 1 or
Claim 2 wherein the outer surfaces of the ceramic portion are reinforced with metallic reinforcing means.
4. A casing as claimed in Claim 3 in which the reinforcing means comprise an outer casing.
5. A turbine casing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in which the ceramic portion is formed in two or more sections.
6. A turbine casing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in which the ceramic material comprises alumina.
7. A turbine casing of a small-sized turbocharger as specifically described herein with reference to Figures 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1978151012U JPS6114561Y2 (en) | 1978-11-01 | 1978-11-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2036883A true GB2036883A (en) | 1980-07-02 |
Family
ID=15509358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7937559A Withdrawn GB2036883A (en) | 1978-11-01 | 1979-10-30 | Turbine Casing of Small-sized Turbocharger |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6114561Y2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2943756A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2441053A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2036883A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1164521B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001094754A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-13 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger |
| WO2004005674A1 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-01-15 | Cimos D.D. | Scroll for the compressor of a turbosupercharger and process of manufacturing thereof |
| DE102008039508A1 (en) | 2008-08-23 | 2010-02-25 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Charging device i.e. exhaust-gas turbocharger, for internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, has annular disk for covering side parts of guide vanes, where disc has heat isolating and friction reducing material |
| CN108457710A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-08-28 | 江苏毅合捷汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ceramic turbine shroud |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6021471Y2 (en) * | 1980-08-13 | 1985-06-26 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine exhaust system |
| JPS5949323A (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-21 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Turbo machine |
| DE19535227A1 (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-03-27 | Asea Brown Boveri | Casing for high pressure steam turbine |
| DE102008008856A1 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-20 | Daimler Ag | Turbine housing and method of manufacturing a turbine housing |
| JP5929889B2 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-06-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Turbocharger |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE542559C (en) * | 1927-06-08 | 1932-01-25 | Lorenzen G M B H C | Gas turbine |
| DE767079C (en) * | 1939-12-27 | 1951-10-29 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Housing for gas turbines made of ceramic material |
| CH235115A (en) * | 1942-08-01 | 1944-11-15 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Operating procedures for gas turbine systems, some of which are made of ceramic materials. |
| FR1075564A (en) * | 1953-03-09 | 1954-10-18 | Thermal machine parts and their production process | |
| FR1466403A (en) * | 1965-11-24 | 1967-01-20 | Device and method for increasing the efficiency of the reactor | |
| BE791579A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-03-16 | Penny Robert N | ENGINE CASE |
| SE375583B (en) * | 1973-05-22 | 1975-04-21 | United Turbine Ab & Co |
-
1978
- 1978-11-01 JP JP1978151012U patent/JPS6114561Y2/ja not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-10-30 DE DE19792943756 patent/DE2943756A1/en active Pending
- 1979-10-30 GB GB7937559A patent/GB2036883A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-30 IT IT7926934A patent/IT1164521B/en active
- 1979-10-31 FR FR7927051A patent/FR2441053A1/en active Granted
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001094754A1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-13 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Casing assembly for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger |
| WO2004005674A1 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-01-15 | Cimos D.D. | Scroll for the compressor of a turbosupercharger and process of manufacturing thereof |
| DE102008039508A1 (en) | 2008-08-23 | 2010-02-25 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Charging device i.e. exhaust-gas turbocharger, for internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, has annular disk for covering side parts of guide vanes, where disc has heat isolating and friction reducing material |
| CN108457710A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-08-28 | 江苏毅合捷汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ceramic turbine shroud |
| CN108457710B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏毅合捷汽车科技股份有限公司 | Ceramic volute |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5567321U (en) | 1980-05-09 |
| DE2943756A1 (en) | 1980-05-08 |
| IT1164521B (en) | 1987-04-15 |
| IT7926934A0 (en) | 1979-10-30 |
| FR2441053B1 (en) | 1984-11-16 |
| JPS6114561Y2 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
| FR2441053A1 (en) | 1980-06-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |