GB2035364A - Cleaning and drying of surfaces - Google Patents
Cleaning and drying of surfaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2035364A GB2035364A GB7937570A GB7937570A GB2035364A GB 2035364 A GB2035364 A GB 2035364A GB 7937570 A GB7937570 A GB 7937570A GB 7937570 A GB7937570 A GB 7937570A GB 2035364 A GB2035364 A GB 2035364A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- emulsifying agent
- halogenated hydrocarbon
- drying
- aqueous solution
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 succinic acid diester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical group CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 8
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/43—Solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/16—Metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/26—Cleaning or polishing of the conductive pattern
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A method of cleaning and drying articles involves dipping the article into an aqueous solution of a water-soluble emulsifying agent, draining it and then dipping it into a liquid halogenated hydrocarbon and finally drying the article by draining and evaporation. The emulsifying agent is preferably a salt of a monosulphonic acid derivative of a succinic acid diester. The halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably trichlorotrifluoroethane.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to the cleaning and drying of surfaces
This invention relates to a method of cleaning and drying surfaces of solid articles, more particularly small articles capable of being dipped into baths of solvents.
Many small solid articles require cleaning and drying at some stage in the production thereof. Such articles include, for example, caps for containers, pieces of jewellery, and electrical components such as plugs, switches and printed circuit boards. Such articles may be contaminated with organic soils, e.g. oils, greases and rosin fluxes but also with inorganic, generally water-soluble, salts such as sodium chloride, zinc chloride or ammonium chloride.
There is clearly a problem where both water-soluble and organic soils have to be removed and attempts have been made in the past to use water-in-oil emulsions for such cleaning problems (see for example
British Patent Specification Nos. 1157 190 and 1 019 859). However, such an emulsion is not always satisfactory, due partly to incomplete removal of soils and partly to residual water or solvent being left on the surfaces of the articles concerned.
In recent years, article drying by means of solvent displacement or solubilizing techniques has become more widespread, since these overcome many of the above difficulties. Drying is fast, staining is markedly reduced and large quantities of water can be removed. Because of safety and solvent conservation requirements, most of the solvent-based methods are associated with specially designed equipment, mostly
in the form of compartmented tanks. Widely favoured solvents are the halocarbon types since they are
non-flammable and their dense vapours make them ideally suited to vapour-degreasing type tanks, where the solvents can be continuously distilled and purified during use.
In cases where protective films need to be applied, low-volatility hydrocarbon solvents containing water-displacing additives are often used. When wet articles are immersed in such liquids, the displaced water sinks to the base of the container from whence it can be removed. However, these methods are unsuitable if film-free, stain-free finishes are required.
The attainment of film4ree, stain-free finishes, after drying, is based predominantly on the use of halocarbons.
The drying technique, used extensively for many years, known in the United Kingdom as the "Trisec" process comprises a boiling bath oftrichloroethylene containing an additive and a boiling bath of clean trichloroethylene. Wet articles, immersed in the first bath, dry very quickly because of the surface active effect of the additive combined with the turbulence of the solvent bath and its temperature effects. This process is beginning to lose favour because of the toxicity of trichloroethylene. Also, trichloroethylene is very aggressive towards polymeric materials, which limits its use.
The present invention therefore aims to provide a method of cleaning and drying the surfaces of solid articles which obviates or alleviates the above-described disadvantages, and leaves an article surface which is both substantially clean and substantially dry, optionally with a protective coating, especially where the surface is a metallic one.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of cleaning and drying a surface of a solid article, characterized by the combination of the steps of contacting the said surface with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble emulsifying agent, draining the aqueous solution from the surface, contacting the surface with a liquid organic solvent predominantly comprising an halogenated hydrocarbon, and draining and evaporating solvent from the treated surface.
Preferably the emulsifying agent is a sodium, ammonium or amine salt of a monosulphonic acid derivative of a di-ester, more preferably a di-octyl ester, of succinic acid.
Preferably the concentration of the emulsifying agent in the aqueous solution is from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.
Suitable such emulsifying agents are available commercially under the Trademarks "AEROSOL" or "COMPLEMIX".
Alternatively the emulsifying agent may be, for example, isopropylamine dodecylbenzine sulphonate or a phosphate ester amine.
Preferably the surface to be cleaned and dried is contacted successively with the aqueous and organic liquids by dipping the article to be cleaned into a bath of the relevant liquid. Alternatively spraying or brushing techniques may be employed. Agitation may be used to assist contact between the surface to be treated and the liquid concerned.
Preferably the halogenated hydrocarbon used in the method of the invention is a chlorofluoroalkane, more especially trichlorotrifluoroethane or trichloromonofluoromethane.
The halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably employed at an elevated temperature, more preferably at or near its boiling point (for trichlorotrifluoroethane about 47"C and for trichloromonofluoromethane about 23"C). Thus agitation may be achieved by boiling the solvent.
The halogenated hydrocarbon solvent may optionally contain small dissolved amounts of surface-active agents, oils or waxes which may serve to protect the surface of the article after drying. This is especially desirable where the surface is an exposed metal surface, liable to surface oxidation after removal from the organic solvent bath.
Removal of organic solvent from the solid surface may be aided by heat and/or vibration, after the article has been removed from the solvent bath.
The container in which the halogenated hydrocarbon is confined is preferably provided with cooling coils to condense and return evaporated solvent to the bath.
The halogenated hydrocarbon solvent which has become contaminated with water may be passed, e.g.
via an overflow weir, to a water separator and then re-cycled to the organic solvent bath. A suitable apparatus is described in British Patent Specification No. 1 548245.
The invention will be further illustrated by reference to the following non-limiting Examples, which illustrate the application of the cleaning and drying method of the invention to different solid articles to remove soils and water and leave a clean, dry surface. In Examples 1 and 2, only the final test in each
Example is in accordance with the invention.
Example 1 330 gms. of wet gold-plated cosmetic bottle tops, contained in a revolving work basket:
% By weight of
Test Water Removed
Immersion in boiling Isceon 83.1 (Average of 6 113 bath only for 1 minute. Results)
Pre-dip in a 0.1% "Teepol" solution (a poor emulsifier) 99.8 (Average of 6 followed by 1 minute immersion Results) in boiling Isceon 113.
Pre-dip in a 0.1% solution of "Complemix" (a good emulsifier) 100.0 (Average of 4 followed by one minute immersion Results) in boiling Isceon 113.
Example 2
Convoluted copper tubes. These items are difficult to dry because of capillary action in the convolutions.
% By weight of
Test Water Removed 5 minute immersion in boiling 97.0
Isceon 113 bath only.
Pre-dip in a 0.1% solution of "Complemix" followed by 5 minute 100.0 immersion in boiling Isceon 113.
Example 3
To test the stain-free capabilities of the drying method using a polished stainless steel sugar bowl:
Test Result
Sample immersed in a 0.1% bywt.
aqueous solution of "Complemix" All water removed followed by a 1 minute immersion sample stain-free.
in boiling Isceon 113.
Example 4
Printed circuit board. This board contained an encapsulated relay which was dust-proof, but not solvent and waterproof. Complete drying of such items is not usually possible by liquid immersion methods.
% By weight of
Test Water Removed
Sample immersed in 0.1% bywt. 98.6 solution of"Complemix" followed No visual signs of by a 15 minute immersion in water on surface of boiling Isceon 113. board or components.
NOTES:
1. Isceon 1113 is I.S.C. Chemicals' trade name for 1,1 2-trichloro- 1,2,2-- trifluoroethane.
2. "Teepol" is a sodium salt of a secondary alkyl sulphate, manufactured by the Shell Chemical Company
Limited.
3. "Complemix" is the di-octyl ester of sodium sulpho-succinic acid, manufactured by the Cyanamid
Corporation.
Claims (9)
1. A method of cleaning and drying a surface of a solid article, characterized by the combination of the steps of contacting the said surface with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble emulsifying agent, draining the aqueous solution from the surface, contacting the surface with a liquid organic solvent predominantly comprising an halogenated hydrocarbon, and draining and evaporating solvent from the treated surface.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the emulsifying agent is a sodium, ammonium or amine salt of a monosulphonic acid derivative of a di-ester of succinic acid.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the emulsifying agent is a sodium, ammonium or amine salt of a monosulphonic acid derivative of a di-octyl ester of succinic acid.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the concentration of the said emulsifying agent in the aqueous solution is from 0.01 to 5% by weight.
5. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the emulsifying agent is isopropylamine dodecylbenzine sulphonate.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the emulsifying agent is a phosphate ester amine.
7. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the halogenated hydrocarbon is a chlorofluoroalkane.
8. A method as claimed in Claim 7, characterized in that the halogenated hydrocarbon is trichlorotrifluoroethane or trichloromonofluoromethane.
9. A method as claimed in Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the said halogenated hydrocarbon is employed at or near its boiling point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7937570A GB2035364B (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1979-10-30 | Cleaning and drying of surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7846573 | 1978-11-29 | ||
| GB7937570A GB2035364B (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1979-10-30 | Cleaning and drying of surfaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2035364A true GB2035364A (en) | 1980-06-18 |
| GB2035364B GB2035364B (en) | 1982-11-24 |
Family
ID=26269792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7937570A Expired GB2035364B (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1979-10-30 | Cleaning and drying of surfaces |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2035364B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105798013A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-27 | 昆山邦泰汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Cleaning method for automobile door handle |
-
1979
- 1979-10-30 GB GB7937570A patent/GB2035364B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105798013A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-27 | 昆山邦泰汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Cleaning method for automobile door handle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2035364B (en) | 1982-11-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19991029 |