GB2034209A - Attaching Razor Blades to Supports - Google Patents
Attaching Razor Blades to Supports Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2034209A GB2034209A GB7938905A GB7938905A GB2034209A GB 2034209 A GB2034209 A GB 2034209A GB 7938905 A GB7938905 A GB 7938905A GB 7938905 A GB7938905 A GB 7938905A GB 2034209 A GB2034209 A GB 2034209A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- blade member
- die
- support member
- blade
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/54—Razor-blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/40—Details or accessories
- B26B21/4068—Mounting devices; Manufacture of razors or cartridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81264—Mechanical properties, e.g. hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/007—Hardness
Abstract
A support member 3 of metallic or plastics material is placed in a tool cavity against an imperforate blade member 1 of stainless steel, backed by a die 4 having through holes 6. A punch 9 is impacted against the support member, which undergoes plastic deformation and pierces the blade member locally and is extruded through the blade into the holes 6 to form projections which are subsequently riveted over to secure the assembly. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method and Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Razors
This invention relates to the manufacture of razors, and more particularly to a method of
permanently attaching a blade member to a support.
Various methods have been proposed and practised, but as far as we are aware they have all involved either welding the blade member to its support or forming the support member with projections which pass through pre-formed hole
in the blade member and are then rivetted over to secure the assembly.
Welding has the disadvantage that the heat necessarily generated alters the metallurgical structure of the blade member around the weld zone and thereby introduces the risk of corrosion of the blade member. The formation of holes in the blade member involves additional complications in manufacture of the blade member.
The present invention provides a method of attachment which avoids the above stated disadvantages and which permits a wide variety of materials, metallic and non-metallic to be employed for the support member.
In accordance with a feature of the invention there is provided a method of attaching a razor blade member to a support member of cold deformable material, in which the blade member has one surface contacted by a die having at least one die-hole in its blade supporting surface, and the support member is placed against the opposite surface of the blade member and is subjected, by a punch, to compressive forces sufficient to effect cold deformation of the support member, causing it to pierce and extrude through the blade member into the die-hole, the material thus extruded through the blade member subsequently being riveted over to secure the members together.
The method of the invention thus avoids the risk of metallurgical degradation inherent in welding techniques. The conventional rivetting techniques mentioned above involve the provisions of pre-formed holes in the blade member, and pre-formed projections (rivets) on the support member, which must be accurately aligned with the blade member holes and accurately controlled in their cross-section to produce a good fit in the holes. These complications are avoided by the method of the invention since the extruded projections make their own holes in the balde member.
Furthermore, it is possible to produce 'rivet' diameters and holes smaller than would normally be possible in the case of pre-formed holes formed by conventional mass production techniques.
A method in accordance with the invention, and press tools for performing it, are described in more detail below, by way of example, with
reference to the accompanying drawing, in
which:~
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a press
tool;
Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of
the blade member and support member in an
intermediate and a final stage of the process; and
Figure 4 is a scrap perspective view of a
modified press tool punch.
A narrow imperforate blade member 1 is
formed by an imperforate strip of hardened
stainless steel sharpened to a cutting edge at 2,
and is to be attached to a blade support 3 of wire
like form, and of somewhat narrower width than
the blade member 1. The support 3 may, for
example, be of aluminium or aluminium alloy,
steel, brass or synthetic plastics material, such as
polyester.
The press tool comprises a die 4 having a
shallow recess 5 to receive the blade member,
and is formed with a number of through holes 6,
spaced apart longitudinally of the blade member,
and opening into the main surface of the recess
against which the blade member is supported.
The tool also comprises a platen 7 having a
rectangular slot 8 to locate and confine the support member, and a ram 9 which is a close fit
in the slot 8. The inner surface of the ram is
shown here as having a head portion 11 of lesser
width than the remainder of the ram, since it is
desired to form a channel at the underside of the
support member, but the head portion could take
other forms.
With the blade member and support member
located as shown in Figure 1 the ram is advanced
to supply high compressive forces to the support
member to effect plastic deformation thereof. The
"hydrostatic pressures" thus generated in the
support material cause it to pierce the blade strips
at its unsupported points opposite the holes 6 and
to be extruded through the blade member, a slug
1A of the blade material being punched out and
carried upwardly by the extruded material, as
illustrated at 12 in Figure 2. In this condition the
partially completed assembly is removed from the
press tool leaving the slug of blade material in the
die hole, and the extruded pips 12 are then
riveted over to form retaining heads 13, as shown
in Figure 3, to complete the assembly.
Using the above described method and press
tool, we have secured stainless steel blade strips
of 0.038 mm and 0.1 mm thickness to supports
made from aluminium, brass, steel and various
plastics materials e.g. nylon polystyrene polyester
and acetal copolymer.
In one specific case, the blade member has an
overall length of 38 mm, a width of 1.15 mm and
is 0.038 mm thick, and the die has 18 holes
equally spaced apart, each hole being of 0.25 mm
diameter.
In the embodiment described above, a single
punch operates over substantially the whole of
the undersurface of the support 3. In this case it
-will usually be necessary to confine closely the
longitudinal side edges of the support material so as to prevent lateral deformation thereof.
Less lateral support is required when using the modified press tool shown in Figure 4, in which the punch 31 is formed with discrete punch portions formed by cylindrical pins 32, each aligned with a respective die hole 6. Lateral support for the pins is provided by a pressure pad 33 through which the pins slide during the piercing and extruding operation. The pins 32 are of larger diameter than the die holes with which they cooperate.
In general, larger die-holes will be required for softer support materials and for blade members of greater thickness. We have found that with a relatively soft support material, such as aluminium, having a hardness of 40 VPN in the
Vickers Diamond Pyramid Test scale, a die-hole diameter of at least 0.4 mm and a punch diameter of at least 0.5 mm are necessary to produce a satisfactory rivet from a strip of support material 0.71 mm thick.
It is preferable to employ support materials having a hardness of 100 VPN or more.
Tests carried out on age-hardened aluminium having a hardness of 100 VPN have yielded satisfactory results with each of the following combinations of die-hole diameter/punch diameter (all expressed in mm). 0.27/0.35; 0.35/0.40; 0.45/0.50; 0.50/0.55, all with a support 0.71 mm thick and with a stainless steel blade 0.038 mm thick.
Similar combinations were found suitable with a support material having a hardness of 135 VPN with die-hole sizes from 0.27 mm to 0.50 mm.
For each of the materials mentioned above it was found desirable or necessary to provide a punch whose diameter was 0.05 mm larger than the die-hole.
Although the invention can be applied with particular advantage to the production of a blade/support unit of the form described and illustrated herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate the applicability of the invention to a wide variety of forms. Units thus formed can be assembled into razor heads of metal or plastics material having a separately formed guard, or the support member may be an integral part of such a razor head.
Claims (9)
1. Method of attaching a razor blade member to a support member of cold deformable material, in which the blade member has one surface contacted a die having at least one die-hole in its blade supporting surface, and the support member is placed against the opposite surface of the blade member and is subjected, by a punch, to compressive forces sufficient to effect cold deformation of the support member, causing it to pierce and extrude through the blade member into the die hole, the material thus extruded through the blade member subsequently being riveted over to secure the members together.
2. Method according to Claim 1, in which the die is formed with a plurality of die-holes and the support member is caused to pierce and extrude through the blade member into the respective dieholes simultaneously.
3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the blade member is of stainless steel.
4. Method according to Claim 3 wherein the blade member is 0.038 mm thick.
5. Method according to Claim 3 or 4 wherein the or each die-hole has a diameter in the range of 0.25 mm to 0.50 mm.
6. Method according to Claim 3, 4 or 5 wherein the support member is composed of material having a hardness of between 40 VPN and 135 VPN.
7. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the punch has one or more projecting punch portions each aligned with a respective die-hole and having a circular cross-section whose diameter is at least 0.05 mm larger than the respective die-hole.
8. A method of attaching a blade member to a support member of cold deformable material substantially as herein described.
9. A riveted assembly of a razor blade member and a support member when made by the method of any preceding claim.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7938905A GB2034209B (en) | 1978-11-10 | 1979-11-09 | Attaching razor blades to supports |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7844109 | 1978-11-10 | ||
| GB7938905A GB2034209B (en) | 1978-11-10 | 1979-11-09 | Attaching razor blades to supports |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2034209A true GB2034209A (en) | 1980-06-04 |
| GB2034209B GB2034209B (en) | 1982-08-11 |
Family
ID=26269541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7938905A Expired GB2034209B (en) | 1978-11-10 | 1979-11-09 | Attaching razor blades to supports |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2034209B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2511634A1 (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-02-25 | Gillette Co | SAFETY RAZOR WITH FIXED BLADES |
| FR2518395A1 (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-06-24 | Rouxel Sa | Ductile thermoplastic handles for standard metal knife blades - to permit cold forging for anchoring blade |
| WO2007049218A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | The Gillette Company | Method for manufacturing razor blades |
-
1979
- 1979-11-09 GB GB7938905A patent/GB2034209B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2511634A1 (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-02-25 | Gillette Co | SAFETY RAZOR WITH FIXED BLADES |
| FR2518395A1 (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-06-24 | Rouxel Sa | Ductile thermoplastic handles for standard metal knife blades - to permit cold forging for anchoring blade |
| WO2007049218A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | The Gillette Company | Method for manufacturing razor blades |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2034209B (en) | 1982-08-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |