GB2031354A - Vehicle Suspension and Steering Mechanism - Google Patents
Vehicle Suspension and Steering Mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2031354A GB2031354A GB7840684A GB7840684A GB2031354A GB 2031354 A GB2031354 A GB 2031354A GB 7840684 A GB7840684 A GB 7840684A GB 7840684 A GB7840684 A GB 7840684A GB 2031354 A GB2031354 A GB 2031354A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- steering
- support arm
- transverse support
- suspension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
- B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
- B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
- B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
- B60G21/055—Stabiliser bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
- B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
- B60G3/26—Means for maintaining substantially-constant wheel camber during suspension movement ; Means for controlling the variation of the wheel position during suspension movement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
- B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/14—Buses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/38—Low or lowerable bed vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
Abstract
In a suspension and steering mechanism for a vehicle with a positive off-set of the steerable front wheels which is provided with a diagonally split braking system, the said mechanism comprising a transverse support arm 11 connecting a swivel 4 of a hub of a front wheel to the frame of the vehicle and wherein movements of the transverse support arm are restricted by a tube 13 which connects the arm to a stabilising rod 12 and in which steering control is obtained by pivoting of the swivel via a support arm 5 and a steering rod 6, the suspension is characterised in that, in plan view of the vehicle, the angle alpha between the transverse support arm 11 and a transverse vertical plane perpendicular to the direction of propulsion of the vehicle, is greater than the angle beta between the steering rod 6 and said plane, so that when braking occurs with only one circuit of the diagonally split braking system, a steering-in effect of the braked front wheel is obtained. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Vehicle Suspension
This invention relates to a suspension with a positive off-set of the steerable front wheels of a vehicle provided with a hydraulic braking system, the suspension and the steering mechanism substantially consisting of a transverse support arm connecting the swivel of the wheel hub, via a ball connection to the frame of the vehicle, in which the possibilities of movement of the transverse support arm are restricted by a tube with resilient cushions connecting the transverse support arm to a stabilising rod, whereas steering is obtained by rotation of the swivel by a support arm pivotally connected to a steering rod.
Such a front wheel suspension is known from
U.K. Patent Specification No. 658387. This specification, however, does not mention anything about the maintenance of the brake operation of the vehicle in the case of a brake defect, i.e. a circuit failure.
Known methods of obtaining good brake operation upon the occurrence of a brake circuit failure are to split the braking circuits into two parts, so that respective parts cause braking of either a) the wheel on the front axle or the rear axle, b) both front wheels and a rear wheel (double embodiment), c) both front wheels or the front and rear wheels, and d) diagonal split, i.e.
one front and the opposite rear wheel.
When a failure in a circuit occurs, the diagonal split has a higher remaining retardation than alternative a) above by using the same components of the braking system. Both the other alternatives b) and c) still offer high remaining retardation, but these systems are more expensive and heavier, which is due to the fact that at the front side double braking claws should be used which increase the non-resilient weight, i.e. the non-suspended weight of the vehicle.
In addition, both these systems are more complicated and therefore more sensitive to disturbances.
It therefore appears desirable to use a diagonal split system. This system, however, has the disadvantage that, when a circuit fails during braking, the vehicle is out of true in the direction of the braked front wheel. This at least is true for vehicles with an off-set of the front wheels which is so-called positive, i.e. in which, when steering, the axis of rotation of the wheel intersects the road surface inwardly of the contact surface of the tyre with the road surface.
To prevent this running out of true, a system has been discovered which couples a negative off-set to the diagonal split system. It aims at minimising the steering corrections which should be made by the driver with the steering wheel when failure of a circuit occurs. However, it is hard to achieve a negative off-set of the front wheel suspension and another disadvantage of the system is that the spherical shape of the tyre, i.e. the width of the wheel, has to be large so that the braking system is located deep in the wheel and therefore is badly cooled.
It appears in practice, that for a structure with negative off-set a favourable result is not achieved under all occurring braking retardations.
At extremely high and low retardations steering corrections by the driver remain necessary.
The object of this invention is to create a system in which a positive off-set of the front wheel suspension can be combined with the diagonal split system.
The arrangement of the various portions should be such that when braking with one circuit only, the braked front wheel experiences a steering-in effect instead of a steering-out one, with the result that running out of true is prevented. Here a rearwardly occurring displacement is used, which is experienced by the wheel when brake forces occur. This is because during braking, rearwardly directed forces occur which cause rearward displacement of the pivot.
According to the invention this is achieved as shown in the plan view of the vehicle when the angle a between the transverse support arm and a plane transverse to the direction of propulsion of the vehicle is greater than the angle p between the steering rod and the said plane, so that when braking with one circuit of a diagonal split braking system a steering-in effect of the braked front wheel is obtained.
The invention is now described with reference to the drawings, in which, as an example, two embodiments of the suspension have been indicated. In the drawing,
Figure 1 show a schematic plan view of a front wheel suspension in which the steering housing is located behind the connection line of the points of rotation of the front wheels, and
Figure 2 shows a modification of Figure 1 in which the steering housing is in front of the said connection line.
Referring to the drawings, in which like parts have identical references, a front wheel 1 with a schematically indicated tyre 2 is arranged in a known way on a hub of a wheel 3, rotating on a swivel 4 (connected to the vehicle frame by a ball connection [not shown]) carrying a support arm 5 which is pivotally connected to a steering rod 6, the position of which can be changed via a rack rod 8 received in a steering housing 7 by rotating a steering wheel 9 connected to the steering housing via a steering column 10.
The swivel 4 is able to move in a restricted fashion and is supported in known manner by a transverse support arm 11 and a stabilising rod 12. These are lined via a tube 13 in which the transverse support arm 11 and the stabilising rod 12 are clamped by resilient tubes or cushions (not shown).
In a vehicle with a positive off-set of the front wheels, the axis through the pivot point 14 between the transverse support arm 11 and the swivel 4 will intersect the road surface at a point located between the centre of the contact surface of the tyre with the road surface and the projection on the road surface of a perpendicular line through the centre of said pivot point 14.
From the geometry of the invention, in which the angle cr between the transverse support arm and a plane transverse to the direction of propulsion of the vehicle should be greater than the angle p between the steering rod 6 and the said plane, it now appears that a braking front wheel gets a steering-in effect during the rearward displacement thereof, thus achieving the aim of the invention.
Further it may appear from the drawing that this condition occurs in the case in which the steering housing is behind the line connecting the points of rotation of the front wheels (Figure 1), as well as for the case in which the steering housing is located at the other side of said line.
Embodiments other than those indicated in the drawings also fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. Vehicle suspension with a positive off-set of the steerable front wheels of the vehicle which is provided with a braking system, the suspension and steering mechanism comprising a transverse support arm connecting a swivel of a hub of a front wheel via a ball connection to the frame of the vehicle, wherein movements of the transverse support arm are restricted by a tube with resilient cushions connecting the transverse support arm to a stabilising rod, and in which steering control is obtained by pivoting rotation of the swivel via a support arm and a steering rod, characterised in that, in plan view of the vehicle, the angle a between the transverse support arm and a transverse vertical plane perpendicular to the direction of propulsion of the vehicle, is greater than the angle P between the steering rod and said plane, so that when braking occurs with only one circuit of a diagonal split braking system, a steering-in effect of the braked front wheel is obtained.
2. Suspension of a positively off-set steerable front wheel of a vehicle provided with a braking system, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782844866 DE2844866A1 (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-14 | SUSPENSION FOR A STEERING VEHICLE FRONT WHEEL |
| FR7829450A FR2439123A1 (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-16 | Vehicle steering mechanism used with split braking |
| GB7840684A GB2031354A (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-16 | Vehicle Suspension and Steering Mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782844866 DE2844866A1 (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-14 | SUSPENSION FOR A STEERING VEHICLE FRONT WHEEL |
| FR7829450A FR2439123A1 (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-16 | Vehicle steering mechanism used with split braking |
| GB7840684A GB2031354A (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-16 | Vehicle Suspension and Steering Mechanism |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2031354A true GB2031354A (en) | 1980-04-23 |
Family
ID=27187710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7840684A Withdrawn GB2031354A (en) | 1978-10-14 | 1978-10-16 | Vehicle Suspension and Steering Mechanism |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2844866A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2439123A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2031354A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0234694A1 (en) * | 1986-01-25 | 1987-09-02 | ROVER GROUP LIMITED (Registered Number 1595268) | A steerable wheel suspension system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6142304U (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1986-03-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Dual link type rear suspension for vehicles |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE903177C (en) * | 1951-09-23 | 1954-02-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Front suspension of motor vehicles |
| GB1045567A (en) * | 1964-07-29 | 1966-10-12 | Rover Co Ltd | Vehicle suspensions |
| DE1755113C3 (en) * | 1968-03-30 | 1979-01-18 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Suspension of steerable front wheels of motor vehicles |
| DE2450308A1 (en) * | 1974-10-23 | 1976-04-29 | Porsche Ag | Elastic mounting of motor vehicle steering - steering installation is carried by auxiliary carrier in common mounting |
| DE2535670A1 (en) * | 1975-08-09 | 1977-02-17 | Porsche Ag | Stabilised steering linkage for front wheels - with asymmetric displacement of wheel pivots using angled levers |
| DE2614285C3 (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1979-06-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Independent suspension of a steered wheel of a motor vehicle |
| DE2642939A1 (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1978-03-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | INDEPENDENT WHEEL SUSPENSION FOR VEHICLES, IN PARTICULAR PASSENGER CARS |
-
1978
- 1978-10-14 DE DE19782844866 patent/DE2844866A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-10-16 GB GB7840684A patent/GB2031354A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-10-16 FR FR7829450A patent/FR2439123A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0234694A1 (en) * | 1986-01-25 | 1987-09-02 | ROVER GROUP LIMITED (Registered Number 1595268) | A steerable wheel suspension system |
| AU589248B2 (en) * | 1986-01-25 | 1989-10-05 | Austin Rover Group Limited | A steerable wheel suspension system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2844866A1 (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| FR2439123A1 (en) | 1980-05-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |