GB2029963A - Device for borehole surveying - Google Patents
Device for borehole surveying Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2029963A GB2029963A GB7924729A GB7924729A GB2029963A GB 2029963 A GB2029963 A GB 2029963A GB 7924729 A GB7924729 A GB 7924729A GB 7924729 A GB7924729 A GB 7924729A GB 2029963 A GB2029963 A GB 2029963A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- container
- bolts
- measuring
- borehole
- extensible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F9/00—Devices preventing sparking of machines or apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A device 1 for surveying boreholes has a television camera 6, a compass 5 and an inclinometer 4 accommodated within a container 3. The container is supported in the borehole by a cable 9 through which power passes to the instruments and through which measurement signals are passed out. Centering bolts 14, 15, 16, 14', 15', 16' and measuring bolts 21 are provided on the container. The bolts 1 are radially extended by electric motors and rack and pinion means 17, 18. The measuring bolts 21 are extended radially by hydraulic means. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Device for borehole surveying
The invention relates to a device for surveying underground and surface boreholes by means of a tube-shaped apparatus guided on a steel cable.
A typical device presently employed for the surveying of boreholes, has a length of about 3.6 m and an external diameter of 72 mm. The device is suitable for the surveying of both cased and uncased boreholes. The great length of the device is due to the battery housing with an accumulator battery for the direction measuring means, for example a gyrocompass. In addition, a separate power supply is required for the cine camera within the surveying instrument.
The cine camera is actuated at time intervals of one minute for example. The accurate coiling and uncoiling and illumination of the film is effected by means of a small electric motor with switchgear controlled by a switching clock. Prior to the commencement of each surveying operation, the switching clock of the camera is synchronised with a stopwatch, so that the surveyor may know when the instrument can be moved to the next measuring point and which frame is associated with a given measuring depth.
The essential disadvantage of such a device for borehole surveying is that the measured values can be obtained only after termination of the surveying process as a whole, that is, after removal of the device from the borehole, developing, drying and interpretation of the film, and that the measurement itself cannot be influenced during the measuring process. A further disadvantage is that measurements and picture-taking can be carried out only at fixed borehole intervals and that variations of the borehole structure between the predetermined measuring positions cannot be covered. This leads to errors between the calculated and the actual borehole profile. Moreover, measuring errors arising from jamming of the film due to failure of the batteries required for operation of the measuring devices and confusion of the frames cannot be reliably avoided.Even the blurring of a single shot in the region of a measuring position requires a repitition of the surveying process and thus a considerable expenditure, in particular due to the downtime of the drilling installation as a whole.
For centering purposes, especially in the case of borehole surveying, devices guided on steel cables and powered by means of batteries as power supply, rigid guides and spacer elements of various types, such as leaf springs, are known. In addition, pneumatic tightening and centering devices are in use, in which case the necessary compressed air is supplied by a separately accompanying compressed-air pipe.
The disadvantage of these more or less rigid guides and spacers is that they are usable merely as rotation brakes and that they are not adaptable to different borehole diameters. Furthermore, the pneumatically operated tightening and centering devices are technically very complicated, in particular owing to the accompanying additional compressed-air line. The range of applicability of such devices is also limited with respect to the borehole depth depending on the output of the available compressed-air source, since deep boreholes are mostly water-logged.
A further disadvantage of known surveying devices is that the borehole calibre can only be determined superficially, without being able to offer a concrete result of circularly orientated and directionally defined nature. This is due to the hitherto used spring members fastened outside the housing and movable outward which are positioned at intervals of 90" relative to each other.
According to the invention, there is provided a device for surveying underground and surface boreholes, comprising a tubular container, containing an inclinometer, a compass and a television camera, a self-supporting cable for supporting the container in a borehole and for supplying power to the container from a current source located outside the borehole, the circumference of the container being provided with groups of three centering bolts spaced longitudinally along the container in the longitudinal direction thereof, the bolts in each group being uniformly distributed around the circumference of the container, and being extensible in a horizontal plane by means of electric motors, a plurality of measuring bolts arranged between the groups of centering bolts at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the container, the measuring bolts being extensible in telescopic manner and being arranged each at an angle of 60 relative to adjacent bolts, and odometers for measuring the extension of each individually extensible measuring bolt.
Within the scope of the invention it is found to be advantageous that the television camera as well as the measuring devices are linked with an electronic data processing device outside the borehole.
Further optional features of the invention are set forth in the subsidiary claims.
The technical progress of the invention is essen tiallyfounded on the fact that by the supervision of the entire measuring process and the possibility of influencing the latter a very rapid and low-cost surveying of a borehole can be effected, owing to which in particular the very high drilling failure costs can be saved. Another particular technical progress is that, in addition to exact centering of the measuring device in the borehole axis, rotation of the instrument during the measuring process is excluded and in this manner the measured values correspond to the true borehole profile and a calibre measurement related to borehole profile can be effected with orientation.
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which;
Figure 1 shows the principles of a surveying device according to the invention, in partial section;
Figure2 is a schematical side elevation of a borehole surveying device according to the invention with centering device;
Figure 3 is a section through the borehole surveying device according to Figure 2 in the plane of the centering bolts;
Figure 4 is a schematical side elevartion of a borehole surveying device with centering means and measuring bolts; and
Figure 5 is a section through the surveying device according to Figure 4, in the plane of the measuring bolts.
The surveying device 1 for borehole surveying shown in its principles in the drawing consists in the example of embodiment here shown of an upper protector tube 2 and a lower protector tube 3, which are to be reieasably connected with each other. It can be conceived that, given the overall length of the surveying device 1, this consists of more than two parts which are to be releasably connected with each other.
In the illustrated example of embodiment according to Figure 1, only the most essential parts of a surveying device have been considered.
In the lower protector tube 3, which at its lower end is limited by the guide piece 8, an inclinometer 4 (a bob) and a direction indicator 5 (a gyroscope) are accomodated. The two surveying devices 4, 5 are known measuring instruments. In the upper protector tube 2 a television camera 6 is accomodated. The current supply for both the measuring devices 4, 5 and the television camera 6 is effected through a self-supporting cable 9, which is connected to a current source located outside the borehole and not shown in detail in the drawing. Within the protector tubes 2, 3 the current supply is effected via a cable 9 a of convention type. Also outside the borehole an electrical indicator device is arranged which is coupled with the measuring devices 4, 5, 6. The indicator device 10 consists essentially of a monitor
M with videorecorder and a computer R.
The borehole surveying device shown schematically in side elevation in Figure 2 is guided on a self-supporting cable 9, which passes through a cable box 11 into the upper part 12 of the surveying device 1, which forms a unit with the television part 6, the measuring elements 4, 5 and the guide 8. The regions accommodating elements 4, 5 and 6 of the tubular surveying device do not correspond in the schematical illustration of Figure 2 in detail to the comparable natural length of the device 1. In the upper part 12 of device 1, there are provided at intervals relative to each other, three circumferentially equidistant, i.e. spaced along the circumference of device 1 at an angle of 120 , centering bolts 14, 15, 16 and relatively spaced centering bolts 14', 15', 16'.As shown in detail in the sectional view of
Figure 3,the centering bolts 14, 15, 16 are arranged to be extensible and retractable by means of a pinion 17 located in the device axis which is moved by means of a drive here not shown, in a horizontal plane. For this reason, the centering bolts 14, 15, 16 have racks 18 on one side. In addition, they are provided with small indentations as return stops 19 for the terminal position in the retracted state. The current for the not illustrated electric motors is transmitted from a current source arranged outside the borehole by the self-supporting cable 9 shown partly in Figure 2.
In the sectional view of Figure 3 in the plane of the centering bolts 14,15, 16, reference 20 indicates the cable passage forthe television and measuring elements, 4,5,6 located below the upper part 12 of the device 1. The circles drawn in broken lines about the surveying device 1 represent the conventional diameters of boreholes, for example of the type generally applicable for freeze holes. The region of the upper part 12 of device 1, in which the centering bolts 14, 15, 16 and 14', 15', 16', respectively are arranged, is of a freely floodable construction.Such a construction offers the advantage that at great depths of 600 and 700 m, for example, and corresponding water in the borehole, only small forces have to be generated by the electric motors or the driving pinion 17, respectively.
The example of embodiment shown in schematical side elevation in Figure 4 of a borehole surveying device 1 is guided on a self-supporting cable 9, which connects into the upper part of the surveying device 1 through a cable box 11.
The surveying device 1 consists essentially of the upper part 12, which accomodates the centering means 14, 15, 16 and 14', 15', 16', respectively and the measuring bolts 21, and of the lower part with television section 6 and measuring section comprising the inclinometer 4 and compass 5 as well as an optional guide 8.
The individual regions ofthe surveying device 1 are, as in the preceding examples, represented only schematically and do not correspond in scale to the actual constructional embodiment.
In the upper part 12 of device 1, there are arranged spaced in the longitudinal direction of the device three centering bolts 14, 15, 16 equidistantly distributed about the circumference of the device, i.e. at an angle of 120 relative to each other, and at a distance from these centering bolts 14', 15', 16', respectively. The centering bolts 14,15, 16 and 14', 15', 16', respectively are constructed to be extensible and retractable by means of a driving pinion and corresponding drive here not shown, arranged in the longitudinal axis of the device and causing said bolts to move at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the device, as already described in connection with the example of embodiment according to Figure 2.The nature of the drive ensures an equidistant extension of all centering bolts 14, 15, 16 and 14', 15', 16', respectively.
The current supply to the not illustrated electric motors serving for extending and retracting the centering bolts 14,15,16 and 14', 15', 16', respectively is effected from a current source provided outside the borehole via the self-supporting cable 9 also shown partly in Figure 4.
As can be seen in detail in Figure 5, between the centering bolts 14, 15, 16 and 14', 15', 16' there are arranged distributed over the circular cross-section with angular spacing of 60 relative to each other six measuring bolts 21 extensible in telescopic manner in a plane. Each measuring bolt 21 can be extended and retracted electro-hydraulically by means of a pump not shown in the drawings with a corresponding pressure circuit.
With the aid of the centralizer device and the centering bolts 14, 15, 16 and 14', 15', 16, respective ly, the borehole surveying device 1 can be securely centered within the borehole or a casing in the longitudinal pipe axis, and with the aid of the measuring bolts 21 a circle-oriented calibre measurement can be carried out, which, if required, can be continuously monitored by means of the television camera from outside the borehole.
In order to provide a firedamp-protection for the surveying device 1 shown in the drawings in the case of boreholes to be surveyed underground, the surveying device 1 is filled with nitrogen in each case. A drop in nitrogen pressure causes the current supply to be automatically switched off via a relay.
Claims (9)
1. A device for surveying underground and surface boreholes, comprising a tubular container containing an inclinometer, a compass and a television camera, the device including a self-supporting cable for supporting the container in a borehole and for supplying power to the container from a current source located outside the borehole.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circumference of the container is provided with groups of three centering bolts spaced longitudinally along the container in the longitudinal direction thereof, the bolts in each group being uniformly distributed around the circumference of the container, and being extensible in a horizontal plane by means of electric motors, a plurality of measuring bolts arranged between the groups of centering bolts at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the container, the measuring bolts being extensible in telescopic manner and being arranged each at an angle of 60" relative to adjacent bolts, and odometers for measuring the extension of each individually extensible measuring bolt.
3. A device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the television camera, the compass the the inclinometer are connected with an electronic analyzer unit to be positioned outside the borehole.
4. A device according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterised in that the part of the container which accomodates the centering bolts and their drives is constructed to be freely floodable in each case.
5. A device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the centering bolts in each group are set off by 120" relative to each other, are arranged with a slight vertical spacing, and have racks engaged by a driving pinion extending centrally along the longitudinal axis of the container.
6. A device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the centering bolts which can be extended in a plurality of stages are provided with a return lock.
7. A device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the measuring bolts are electrohydraulically extensible by means of a pump.
8. A device according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the container is firedamp-proof with a nitrogen filling, and that the current supply can be cut off by means of a relay at least if the nitrogen pressure falls.
9. A device for surveying boreholes, substantially as herein described, with reference to Figure 1,
Figures 2 and 3, or Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782831215 DE2831215A1 (en) | 1978-07-15 | 1978-07-15 | Borehole surveying probe - includes TV camera, inclinometer and gyrocompass |
| DE2918150A DE2918150C2 (en) | 1979-05-05 | 1979-05-05 | Centering device for a borehole measuring device |
| DE19792925434 DE2925434A1 (en) | 1979-06-23 | 1979-06-23 | Borehole surveying appts. - has groups of centering and measuring bolts on container circumference, which are extended telescopically by electric and hydraulic drives |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2029963A true GB2029963A (en) | 1980-03-26 |
| GB2029963B GB2029963B (en) | 1982-11-24 |
Family
ID=27187606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7924729A Expired GB2029963B (en) | 1978-07-15 | 1979-07-16 | Device for borehole surveying |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2431023A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2029963B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2158675A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1985-11-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Obtaining & storing images of geological samples |
| GB2231231A (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-11-07 | Pearpoint Ltd | Miniature TV camera inspection system |
| GB2255814A (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1992-11-18 | Conoco Inc | Inspection pig or tool |
| GB2349660A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-11-08 | Xl Technology Ltd | Seabed penetrator and analyser |
| WO2005116401A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-08 | Deutsche Montan Technologie Gmbh | Device for examining rotor drilled holes |
| CN104279975A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-14 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Ground stress test method for aperture distortion optical microscopy measurement |
| US10428640B1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2019-10-01 | Ozzie's Enterprises LLC | Borehole mapping tool and methods of mapping boreholes |
| CN114322703A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 洛阳八零八智能光电科技有限公司 | Novel aviation connects fork spare inner chamber automatic measuring device |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1006434A3 (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-08-23 | Baroid Technology Inc | Order of two arms stabilization in a drill core drilling or. |
| US5655609A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-08-12 | Baroid Technology, Inc. | Extension and retraction mechanism for subsurface drilling equipment |
| CN104279976B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Optical microscope geostress measurement device based on aperture deformation principle |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2150070A (en) * | 1937-11-02 | 1939-03-07 | Augustus G Kregecz | Telemeter-type internal caliper |
| US2849530A (en) * | 1955-09-12 | 1958-08-26 | John H Fleet | Means for observing boreholes |
| US3186481A (en) * | 1961-11-15 | 1965-06-01 | Shell Oil Co | Method and apparatus for determining the orientation or directional features of a well |
| US3348314A (en) * | 1965-05-27 | 1967-10-24 | Dresser Ind | Well bore caliper |
| US3436836A (en) * | 1966-04-26 | 1969-04-08 | Bendix Corp | Borehole measuring device |
| GB1364054A (en) * | 1972-05-11 | 1974-08-21 | Rees Ltd William F | Centring devices for locating instruments axially within tubular enclosures |
| US3984627A (en) * | 1974-04-18 | 1976-10-05 | Andre Galerne | Method and apparatus for examining the interior of a bore hole and/or caisson or the like |
-
1979
- 1979-07-13 FR FR7918243A patent/FR2431023A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-07-16 GB GB7924729A patent/GB2029963B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2158675A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1985-11-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Obtaining & storing images of geological samples |
| GB2231231A (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-11-07 | Pearpoint Ltd | Miniature TV camera inspection system |
| GB2255814A (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1992-11-18 | Conoco Inc | Inspection pig or tool |
| GB2349660A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-11-08 | Xl Technology Ltd | Seabed penetrator and analyser |
| GB2349660B (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-06-27 | Xl Technology Ltd | Seabed analysis |
| US6526818B1 (en) | 1999-04-23 | 2003-03-04 | Xl Technology Limited | Seabed analysis |
| WO2005116401A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-08 | Deutsche Montan Technologie Gmbh | Device for examining rotor drilled holes |
| AU2005248043B2 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2010-05-13 | Dmt Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for examining rotor drilled holes |
| CN104279975A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-14 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Ground stress test method for aperture distortion optical microscopy measurement |
| CN104279975B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of optical microphotograph measures the detecting earth stress method of aperture deformation |
| US10428640B1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2019-10-01 | Ozzie's Enterprises LLC | Borehole mapping tool and methods of mapping boreholes |
| WO2020081057A1 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | Ozzie's Enterprises LLC | Borehole mapping tool and methods of mapping boreholes |
| US10947835B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-03-16 | Ozzie's Enterprises LLC | Borehole mapping tool and methods of mapping boreholes |
| CN114322703A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 洛阳八零八智能光电科技有限公司 | Novel aviation connects fork spare inner chamber automatic measuring device |
| CN114322703B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2024-02-02 | 洛阳八零八智能光电科技有限公司 | Novel aviation connects branch piece inner chamber automatic measurement device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2431023A1 (en) | 1980-02-08 |
| GB2029963B (en) | 1982-11-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |