GB2029159A - Ultrasonic power emitter - Google Patents
Ultrasonic power emitter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2029159A GB2029159A GB7834449A GB7834449A GB2029159A GB 2029159 A GB2029159 A GB 2029159A GB 7834449 A GB7834449 A GB 7834449A GB 7834449 A GB7834449 A GB 7834449A GB 2029159 A GB2029159 A GB 2029159A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- transducer
- amplifier
- emitter
- plate
- radiant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
- B06B1/0618—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile of piezo- and non-piezoelectric elements, e.g. 'Tonpilz'
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
An ultrasonic power emitter comprises a piezoelectric transducer 1, a mechanical amplifier 2 and a radiant plate 3. The transducer 1 comprises a pair of piezoelectric ceramic rings 1a separated by a metal plate 5 and clamped between a pair of cylinders 4. The amplifier 2 consists of a cylindrical bar having portions 2a and 2b of different cross-sectional areas but of equal length. The larger portion 2a is connected to one of the cylinders 4 and is equal in cross-sectional area thereto. The smaller portion 2b is connected to the radiant plate 3. The transducer 1 is air cooled by a system 1b and the plate 3 and amplifier 2 are cooled by a water- cooling system 7. The emitter has a high output efficiency and is highly directional. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Ultrasonic power emitter
This invention relates to an ultrasonic power emitter which has a high output efficiency and which is highly directional.
According to the present invention, there is provided an ultrasonic power emitter comprising a piezoelectric transducer, a mechanical vibration amplifier connected with the transducer and a radiant element connected with the amplifier.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a part-sectional elevation of one form of an ultranic power emitter according to the present invention.
Referring to the drawing, the emitter basically comprises a piezoelectric transducer 1, a mechanical vibration amplifier 2, and a radiant plate 3. The transducer element 1 includes a pair of piezoelectric ceramic rings 1 a disposed between two metal cylinders 4 of equal length and section. The piezoelectric rings 1 a which are located with their polarities in opposite directions, are separated by a thin metal plate 5 acting as an electrode to which the high voltage is connected. All parts are interconnected by epoxy adhesive and prestressed with a centre screw 6 which joins the metal cylinders 4 without making contact with the ceramic rings 1 a. The screw 6 is subjected to a high screwdown torque which provides a safety factor against fatigue breakage and enables power to be applied.Both the lengths of the metal cylinders 4 and the thicknesses of the ceramic rings 1 a are calculated such that the transducer 1 oscillates at half the wavelength for the frequency chosen, with the nodal displacement plane situated between the two ceramic rings.
To avoid overheating problems with the pizeoelectric ceramic rings 1 a when operating at high power, the transducer 1 is fitted with an air cooling system 1 b.
The mechanical vibration amplifier 2 consists of a cylindrical metal bar having two portions 2a and 2b of equal length and different cross-sectional area joined by an exponentially curved transition portion 2c. The crosssectional area of the portion 2a is equal to that of the transducer cylinders 4. The amplifier 2 takes the form of a half-wavelength resonating element whose purpose is to amplify the vibration of the transducer 1 in order to achieve high amplification at the end of the amplifier 2 which is connected to the radiant plate 3. The amplification factor attained is dependent upon the cross-sectional area ratio of the portions 2aand 2b.
The amplifier 2 is attached via portion 2a to the transducer 1 and via portion 2 b to the radiant plate 3.
The third part of the emitter, the radiant element, which, in this embodiment, takes the form of the radiant plate 3 is of circular crosssection. When excited at its centre by the vibrating system (transducer 1 and mechanical amplifier 2), the plate 3 oscillates flexurally in its third axially symmetric mode (3 nodala circles). This plate 3, due to its large surface area, creates a strong impedance coupling between the vibrating system and the propagation medium. As shown in the drawing the plate 3 has a stepped profile, these steps corresponding to the position of the nodal circles. This form of plate 3 is the subject of a Spanish Patent of Invention No.
398.462 and presents a directivity diagram which is equivalent to that of a theoretical piston of the same radius, causing thr emitter to generate coherent radiation. The plate dimensions are determined by the working frequency and the vibration mode employed.
All parts of the emitter shown in the drawing, except the piezoelectric ceramic rings 1 a, are made of a metal with good elastic qualities and a high fatigue limit. The vibrating system in particular is made from stainless steel and the radiant plate from aliminium (medium power), and titanium (high power).
To avoid local overheating and material fatigue problems, the points of greatest stress in the plate and mechanical amplifier are water cooled by a cooling system 7. The cooling system comprises a hollow plate-like body surrounding the portion 2bof the amplifier 2. The body has a ring of small holes through its upper surface and at least one small hole in its lower surface (as viewed in the drawing). Jets of pressurised water issue from the holes and are directed onto the displacement nodes (stress antinodes) in the radiant plate 3 and the mechanical amplifier 2.
Ultrasonic emitter thus constructed provide 75-80% output efficiency and are very highly directional (beam width at 3dB = 5 ), such that, for an applied electrical power of 200
W, accoustic pressure levels of more than 1 60 dB are achieved in the open air.
The result represents a major advance in the field of ultrasonic power generation in gaseous media.
1. An ultrasonic power emitter comprising a piezoelectric transducer, a mechanical vibration amplifier connected with the transducer, and a radiant element connected with the amplifier.
2. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the transducer element includes a pair of piezoelectric rings which are separated by a metal plate and are disposed with their polarities inverted, between two metal cylinders of equal length and crosssection, the arrangement being such that the
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (9)
1. An ultrasonic power emitter comprising a piezoelectric transducer, a mechanical vibration amplifier connected with the transducer, and a radiant element connected with the amplifier.
2. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the transducer element includes a pair of piezoelectric rings which are separated by a metal plate and are disposed with their polarities inverted, between two metal cylinders of equal length and crosssection, the arrangement being such that the assembly of cylinders and rings will oscillate at half the wavelength for the working frequency.
3. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the parts which form the transducer are joined together by an epoxy resin and prestressed by a screw which connects the two metal cylinders.
4. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in any preceding claim further including an air cooling system for the transducer.
5. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in claim 2 wherein the mechanicak vibration amplifier which consists of a cylindrical bar with two portions of different cross-sectional area, the larger of which is equal to that of the transducer cylinders, and its length is so chosen that the element will resonate at half the wavelength for the working frequency, with a displacement node at the point of connection between said two portions.
6. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in claim 5 wherein the mechanical amplifier is secured at its portion of greater section to the transducer and at its portion of smaller section to the radiant element.
7. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the radiant element is a circular plate and has a stepped profile.
8. An ultrasonic emitter as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the points of maximum stress in the element and in the mechanical amplifier are water cooled.
9. An ultrasonic power emitter substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7834449A GB2029159B (en) | 1978-08-24 | 1978-08-24 | Ultrasonic power emitter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7834449A GB2029159B (en) | 1978-08-24 | 1978-08-24 | Ultrasonic power emitter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2029159A true GB2029159A (en) | 1980-03-12 |
| GB2029159B GB2029159B (en) | 1982-12-22 |
Family
ID=10499253
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7834449A Expired GB2029159B (en) | 1978-08-24 | 1978-08-24 | Ultrasonic power emitter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2029159B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4757227A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1988-07-12 | Intersonics Incorporated | Transducer for producing sound of very high intensity |
| US4912357A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1990-03-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ultrasonic MHz oscillator, in particular for liquid atomization |
| WO1990006816A1 (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-06-28 | Grünbeck Wasseraufbereitung GmbH | Ultrasound generator |
| WO2003026810A1 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-03 | The Morgan Crucible Company Plc | Apparatus and method of manufacturing ultrasonic transducers |
| EP1837052A1 (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2007-09-26 | Chongqing Haifu(Hifu)Technology Co., Ltd | Integral transducer apparatus for ultrasonic treatment |
| CN102228886A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-11-02 | 桂林市啄木鸟医疗器械有限公司 | Waterproof ultrasonic transducer |
-
1978
- 1978-08-24 GB GB7834449A patent/GB2029159B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4757227A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1988-07-12 | Intersonics Incorporated | Transducer for producing sound of very high intensity |
| US4912357A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1990-03-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ultrasonic MHz oscillator, in particular for liquid atomization |
| WO1990006816A1 (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-06-28 | Grünbeck Wasseraufbereitung GmbH | Ultrasound generator |
| WO2003026810A1 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-03 | The Morgan Crucible Company Plc | Apparatus and method of manufacturing ultrasonic transducers |
| EP1837052A1 (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2007-09-26 | Chongqing Haifu(Hifu)Technology Co., Ltd | Integral transducer apparatus for ultrasonic treatment |
| EP1837052A4 (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2009-08-05 | Chongqing Haifu Hifu Tech Co | Integral transducer apparatus for ultrasonic treatment |
| US8251929B2 (en) | 2005-01-10 | 2012-08-28 | Chongqing Haifu (Hifu) Technology Co., Ltd. | Integrated ultrasound therapy transducer assembly |
| CN102228886A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-11-02 | 桂林市啄木鸟医疗器械有限公司 | Waterproof ultrasonic transducer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2029159B (en) | 1982-12-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19980823 |