GB2026895A - Crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Crushing apparatus for crushing concrete, etc., includes two jaw members 12, 13 pivoted between side plates about separate pivots 14, 15 and driven by a hydraulic ram 20 at their rear ends 18, 19. Extension of the ram 20 causes the crushing surfaces 25 to be forced together. Bite guiding surfaces 23 having teeth 24 assist pick up of the material to be crushed. The head is pivotable between horizontally and vertically acting orientations. A water spray pipe 30 sprays water between the jaws to reduce dust. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Crushing apparatus This invention relates to an apparatus for crushing concrete and other building constructions by means of pressure, and more specifically to an apparatus for crushing building constructions which is suitable to be installed on a working vehicle, such as a tractor.

An apparatus for crushing building construction structural materials by means of pressure is now in use. However, the prior art apparatus interposes the concrete or other body between a stationary blade and a moving blade and applies pressure to the latter, so that the reaction of the pressure is naturally transmitted to the working vehicle through support members and fitting members such as booms of the apparatus, and frequently results in danger.

As the stroke of the moving blade is large, the apparatus inevitably becomes large and heavy in comparison with its crushing capacity. Since vibration as well as noise are great during the crushing work, environmental problems tend to occur. This becomes especially a serious problem in a district near a hospital or in a residential quarter at night.

According to this invention there is provided apparatus for crushing a building construction by interposing the construction between two pressing members and crushing it by means of pressure, the apparatus comprising a pair of jaw members pivoted between two support side plates about separate support points, and each having a biting/crushing section on a generally radial side of the member; and a reciprocatory hydraulic cylinder disposed between the rear ends of said pair of jaw members and coupled to the jaw members.

This invention will now be described in detail by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side view of apparatus embodying the present invention fitted to a working vehicle; Figure 2 is a partially sectional view of the apparatus having a work angle adjusting device, the side surface on the base side being omitted; Figure 3 is a rear view of the apparatus of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a partially cut-away top view; and Figure 5 shows the water-spraying device.

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the mode of use of apparatus embodying the invention. The proportions of the various parts of the apparatus are shown distorted, with the working head being enlarged relative to the vehicle. Reference numeral 1 is the working vehicle; 2 is a boom capable of swivelling and revolving; 3 is a crushing apparatus pivoted at 4 to the tip of the boom and allowed to revolve in the vertical direction; 5 is a driving cylinder and 6 is a link.

The working head is constructed as shown in Figures 2 to 5. Reference numerals 10 and 11 designate two support side plates that oppose each other while interposing a pair of jaw members 12, 13 between them.

The jaw members 12, 13 have an arcuateform, as seen in Figure 2, around their outer periphery and are fan-shaped as a whole. They are pivoted by pivots 14,15 at their centre, said pivots 14, 15 penetrating through the abovementioned support side plates 10, 11. The rear end 18, 19 of each jaw member is connected by pivot pins to the rod end 21 of a reciprocating cylinder 20 and to a clevis 22 respectively.

In the apparatus illustrated the crushing work is carried out sequentially in the sequence: (i) opening of the jaw members, (ii) trapping of the object to be crushed, and (iii) biting of the jaw members, and the construction to be crushed is sequentially crushed from its outside to the inside. Hence, any vibration or noise generated during crushing is at least much reduced.

The crushed articles falling to the ground are of small size and can be transported as such without calling for secondary crushing.

As a building construction is generally constructed by horizontal beams and perpendicular poles, it is desirable to be able to change the biting surface of the jaw members. This can be accomplished by removing the lock bolts 43 while the apparatus as a whole is brought under the suspended state, then turning the tip side of the support side plates to a desired angle such as 90 , for example, and again fastening the flanges by the bolts. During the angle adjustment the tip side of the support side plates, that is to say, the main body side, is suspended by the swivel shaft 45.

Though the angle adjuatment of the biting surface may be effected by other mechanisms, the abovementioned example represents a most simplified mechanism which does not increase the weight of the apparatus itself.

Reference numerals 16, 17 represent the tip biting section of the jaw members 12, 13 respectively. At the front end of the biting section is formed a bite-guide slanting surface 23 and q protrusive tooth 24 having a slight protuberance is formed on the slant surface 23.

A ridge or ridges are longitudinally defined on the inner surface of inner jaws 25 opposed to each other, whenever necessary.

Reference numeral 26 represents a reinforcing member that reinforces the side plate against torsional forces acting between the two side plates 10 and 11. This reinforcing member functions aiso as a stop to restrict the range of opening of the jaw members and is secured at the back of the pivots 14 and 15. A side plate reinforcing member 27 is secured in front of the pivots 14 and 15 and functions also as a stop when the jaw members are closed.

The fitting positions of these front and rear reinforcing members 26 and 27 are optional.

A window 28 is formed on the front reinforcing plate 27 and a water pipe 30 having water spray ports 29 is fitted to the back of the plate 27. A protective net 31 covers the window 28.

The base end of the support side plates 10, 11 may be directly pivoted to the tip of the boom as shown in Figure 1. In order to adjust the fitting angle of the apparatus to the boom, however, an angle adjusting device such as shown in Figure 2 to 4 may be mounted so as to improve working property of the apparatus to a marked extent. In other words, the two support side plates are split at their base end, and flanges 40, 41 are integrally interconnected to each side plate at the portion corresponding to the split surface, that is, on the opposed surface. At least four bolt holes or slits 42 are formed at symmetric positions around the flange so that the angle adjusting device is detachably fastened by means of bolts 43.

In this case, a stud may be fixed at the centre of one of the flanges and fitted into a mating hole bored at the centre of the other to thereby form the pivot 45 for swivelling. or the stud may be replaced by a bolt.

This construction is more convenientforfitting and removal of the abovementioned bolt 43 at the-time of angle adjustment of the flanges as will be described later.

Reference numerals 47 and 48 represent fitting lugs corresponding to the base end of the support side plates and numeral 49 designates a boomfitting hole.

The mode of use of the apparatus having the abovementioned construction is as follows.

First, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is retracted so that the tips of the jaw members are opened and cause them to bite the object to be crushed at their biting section.

When the jaw members are opened, either one of stepped sections 12' and 13' of the jaw members abuts the stop 26 and thus restricts the position of opening of the jaw members. Hence, the jaw members under the open state do not vibrate during biting operation and ensure easy biting performance.

After the object to be crushed is thus bitten, the cylinder is extended whereby a large compression force is applied to the object to be crushed which is brought into contact with the tip teeth 24 and the inner jaw surfaces 25 of the jaw members. Consequently, the object to be crushed is crushed. During crushing the jaw members are applied with a large reaction. However, since the pair of jaw members in the apparatus illustrated are not secured to the support side plates but are kept free, no reaction at all is applied to the boom and the working vehicle.

Furthermore, the dust generated simultaneously with crushing is absorbed by water that is jetted in atomized form from the drain pipe and falls down.

With the apparatus illustrated the pair of jaw members are able to bite and clamp the object with a substantially uniform pressure. The jaw members performing the opening and closing actions are constructed so as easily to take in an object to be crushed therebetween and consequently, has high manoeuverability and high crushing efficiency. The reaction of clamping and crushing pressure of the jaw members is prevented from acting on the working vehicle, and the vibration and noise occurring at the time of crushing is minimised. The apparatus substantially eliminates spattering of dust generated at the time of crushing and thus prevents adverse deterioration of the working atmosphere and environmental pollution neartheworking site.

The pair of jaw members are pivoted at different support points with each other between two support side plates and both of said jaw members are capable of turning. The fitting angle of said support side plates is adjustable with respect to booms and the apparatus is equipped with a device for spraying water, either constantly or intermittently, from portions near pivots of the jaw members towards their tip.

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for crushing a building constrtfction by interposing the construction between two pressing members and crushing it by means of pressure, the apparatus comprising a pair of jaw members pivoted between two support side plates about separate support points, and each having a biting crushing section on a generally radial side of the member; and a reciprocatory hydraulic cylinder disposed between the rear ends of said pair of jaw members and coupled to the jaw members.

2. Apparatus accordng to claim 1, wherein on each jaw member a bite-guide slanting surface section is formed at the outer end of the biting crushing section, and one or more protrusive teeth for biting are formed on the said slanting surface section.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a stopper/support plate-reinforcing plate is disposed behind the pivot shafts of the jaw members in order to inhibit play of said jaw members when open.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1,2 or 3, including a water-spraying device for jetting water between said support side plates in front of the pivots of said jaw members in order to jet the water between said jaw members.

5. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, including an operation angle adjusting device at the rear end of the support side plates.

6. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said operation angle adjusting device comprises two opposed flanges having a swivel shaft at their centre and a lock bolt.

7. Crushing apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to the drawings.