GB2026112A - Securing brake linings to carriers - Google Patents

Abstract

A brake comprises a brake lining (1) secured to a backing (2) which is mounted in a carrier (10) and is slidable forwards and backwards along a guideway (11) in the carrier into and out of a working position in which it can be locked, but to avoid putting a low- friction lining in a brake intended to operate with a high-friction lining, or vice-versa, the carrier (10) is provided with a protuberance (14) in the form of a peg at the closed end (13) of the carrier guideway (11). This registers with a cutaway portion (8) of the forward end (4) of the backing (2) when the backing is in its working position; and although allowing insertion into the guideway (11) of a non-cutaway backing, the protuberance (14) prevents such a backing from being slid into the working position and locked there. Locking is by means of a pivotable plate (15) having a peg (16) which registers with a cutaway portion (9) of the backing (2) of the 'right' lining (1). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Brakes This invention relates to brakes, and more particularly to that kind of brake which comprises a brake lining secured to a backing which is mounted in a carrier and is slidable forwards and backwards along a guideway in the carrier into and out of a working position in which it can be locked.

Brakes of the kind just described are used in rail vehicle brake systems, but are in principle usable in other systems, for example brake systems for road vehicles, including heavy goods vehicles. When a lining has become worn or otherwise defective, then by releasing the lock the backing can be slid backwards along the guideway and so quickly withdrawn, with the lining secured to it, from engagement with the carrier; quick replacement of a fresh lining-and-backing unit is thus facilitated.

Where, however (as on the Continent), a given rail brake system requires a lining of a particular degree of friction ('high friction' or 'low friction'), then great care has to be taken that the fresh unit is of the right friction type; for the dimensions of each type are in substance identical.

One proposal intended to avoid the possibility of error during replacement is disclosed in U.K. Specification 1 493062 and entails the use of a peg adjacent the entrance to the carrier guideway and off-set from its longitudinal axis, and a groove in the backing for co-operation with the peg. Thus, if it intended that a carrier should be fitted only with a high-friction lining, then only that type of lining (or its backing, rather) would be provided with the co-operating groove, so that only that backing would be insertable into the guideway.

However, the provision of a groove in the backing involves extensive cutting, both of the metal of the backing and the organic material of the brake lining, and it is desirable to avoid such operations or at least reduce their extent.

The present invention provides a construction which dispenses with a groove in the backing for co-operation with a peg in order to prevent insertion of a backing not carrying the appropriate groove.

Instead, the invention accepts for example that a low-friction backing may be inserted and slid forwards along the guideway of a carrier intended to operate only with a high friction lining, but prevents such a backing from assuming a working position and so makes it impossible for the locking means to be operated. If a maintenance man finds that he cannot lock the backing into working position, he will at once appreciate that he has put the wrong one in and can immediately withdraw it from the guideway.

According to the invention the carrier guideway has at its closed end a protuberance which registers with a cutaway portion of the forward end of the backing when the backing is in its working position.

The protuberance thus allows the backing to be slid into working position, but prevents the sliding into working position of a backing whose forward end conftains no such cutaway portion. In the latter case the locking means cannot then be operated.

The protuberance may take the form of a peg which projects from the floor or from the end wall of the guideway, or it may be integral with both the floor and the end wall.

The cutaway portion of the forward end of the backing may be a recess (straight-sided or arcuate) in that end, or it may be at a corner thereof. In the latter case, the protuberance is necessarily offset from the longitudinal. It is preferred that the backing is locked in working position by locking means having a forwardly projecting member which, in the locking position, projects beyond the trailing edge of the backing and is situated at least partly between the plane of the backing and the plane of the lining.

The forwardly projecting member preferably registers with a cutaway portion in the rear end of the backing.

According to a particularly preferred construction, the closed end of the guidway has a protuberance offset from the longitudinal axis of the guideway and the backing has its ends shaped so that, while not having line symmetry about said axis, it has rotational symmetry of order 2 about it; the protuberance and the backing ends being so inter-related that the protuberance prevents the sliding into working position of a backing which is the mirror image of said backing.

In the construction just described, the cutaway portion is preferably at a corner of the backing.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a lining-andbacking unit of one form of brake according to the invention; and Figure 2 is a perspective view of a carrier for the unit of Figure 1.

The brake comprises a friction lining 1 (Figure 1) in two parts, each bonded to a metal backing 2 of dovetail cross section by a moulding operation carried out under very high pressure. The backing is keyed to the lining by tongues pressed out of the plane of the backing, leaving apertures 3 therein. The backing has its forward end 4 and its rear end 5 so shaped that, while not having line symmetry about line XX (which corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the carrier guidewayto be described later), it has rotational symmetry of order 2 about line XX. That is to say, although that part of the backing above line XX in the drawing is not the mirror image of the part below the line, the backing can be superimposed upon itself by rotation about its centre through 180 .

This property arises from the shaping of the ends of the backing as shown, with matching edges 6 and 7 diagonally opposite one another at the corners of the backing and diagonal to the direction of XX forming cutaway portions 8 and 9. The numerals 21 and 23 represent respectively the leading edge and the trailing edge of the backing.

The brake includes a carrier 10 (Figure 2) having a guideway 11 of dovetail cross section into whose entrance 12 the forward end 4 of backing 2 of lining 1 can be inserted. The closed end 13 of the guideway has a peg 14 offset from its longitudinal axis XX and adjacent the end wall 22 of the guideway; and adjacent the entrance to the guideway, the carrier has locking means formed by a pivotable plate 15 of a known type (pivot and locating pins, beneath the plane of the paper, are not shown) except that it has a forwardly projecting member in the form of a peg 16.

Suppose now that it is desired to use in the lining-and-backing unit shown in Figure 1 a lining which is only of the high-friction type; then a low-friction lining would be used only with a backing which is the mirror image of that shown in Figure 1.

Additionally, the carrier for the low-friction lining and backing would be the mirror image of that shown in Figure 2. The appropriate shaping for the friction lining can be moulded in during manufacture.

To assemble the two components shown in Figures 1 and 2, the pivotable plate 15 of the carrier 10 is released from the lock position shown in Figure 2, and forward end 4 of backing 2 of the unit shown in Figure 1 is inserted into the entrance 12 of the carrier guideway 11. The backing is then slid along the guideway until the leading edge 21 abuts against the end wall 22 of the guideway. The backing is now in its working position i.e. with the lining 1 secured to it brought to that position which is appropriate for engagement with whatever moving part of the vehicle is to be acted on, for example the disc of a disc brake system. In this working position, the peg 14 registers with the cutaway portion 8, which is bounded by the end wall 22 of the guideway and the edge 6 of the backing diagonal to the longitudinal axis XX of the guideway.Pivot plate 15 is then swung into the position shown in Figure 2, in which the projection 16 projects forwardly beyond the trailing edge of the backing and is at least partly between the plane of the backing and the plane of the lining i,e. in register with the cutaway portion 9 in Figure 1; one then locks the plate into position. If, as through carelessness, the backing is not pushed far enough so as to abut against the end wall 22 of the guidway, then locking means 15 cannot be made to operate because the projection 16 will be stopped by part of the backing. If, however, the 'wrong' backing i.e. one being the mirror image of that shown in Figure 1, is inserted into guideway 11, it cannot be slid into engagement with end wall 22 of the guideway because peg 14 stops such movement by engaging the leading edge of the mirror image backing, in the region indicated by 8 in Figure 1; and again, locking means 15 cannot be made to operate.

Claims (5)

1. A brake comprising a brake lining (1) secured to a backing (2) which is mounted in a carrier (10) and is slidable forwards and backwards along a guideway (11) in the carrier into and out of a working position in which it can be locked, characterised in that the guideway (11) has at its closed end (13) a protuberance (14) which registers with a cutaway portion (8) in the forward end (4) of the backing (2) when the backing is in said working position.

2. A brake according to claim 1, characterised in that the protuberance (14) is offset from the longitudinal axis (XX) of the guideway, and the backing (2) has its ends (4, 5) shaped so that, while not having line symmetry about said axis, it has rotational symmetry of order 2 about it; the protuberance (14) and the backing ends (4, 5) being so inter-related that the protuberance (14) prevents the sliding into working position of a backing which is the mirror image of said backing (2).

3. A brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cutaway portion in the backing (2) is at a corner (6) of the backing.

4. A brake according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the backing (2) is locked in working position by locking means (15) having a forwardly projecting member (16) which, in the locking position, projects beyond the trailing edge (23) of the backing (2) and is situated at least partly between the plane of the backing (2) and the plane of the lining (1).

5. A brake according to claim 4 characterised in that the forwardly projecting member (16) registers with a cutaway portion (9) in the rear end (5) of the backing.