GB2023807A - A solar collector with a trap for infra-red radiation - Google Patents
A solar collector with a trap for infra-red radiation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2023807A GB2023807A GB7921613A GB7921613A GB2023807A GB 2023807 A GB2023807 A GB 2023807A GB 7921613 A GB7921613 A GB 7921613A GB 7921613 A GB7921613 A GB 7921613A GB 2023807 A GB2023807 A GB 2023807A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- exchange device
- component
- radiation
- specular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001095 light aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S2023/84—Reflective elements inside solar collector casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
A solar collector comprises at least one component (2) having a stationary, specular surface for concentrating solar radiation, at least one corresponding component (3) having a selectively absorbent surface for the concentrated radiation, and a passage within each absorbent surface component for carrying a heat-exchange fluid wherein the or each absorbent surface component is enclosed in a tube (6) which is externally transparent to incident solar radiation and reflects internally and towards its interior the infra-red radiation emitted by the selective, absorbent surface. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A solar collector with a trap for infra-red radiation
The present invention relates to solar collectors which include a trap for infra-red radiation.
The aim of the invention is to construct a special solar collector having specular surfaces and a selective, absorbent surface and a trap for infra-red radiation. The device forms a unit which economically and conveniently combines the advantages of advance new technologies.
Glass used in the collector has a surface which, on the side receiving solar energy, is treated so as to reflect the infra-red radiation emitted therefrom.
The specular surfaces are stationary and can convey direct and diffuse incident solar radiation towards the absorbing surface (likewise stationary), obtaining substantial concentration as a result. The absorbing surface and the pipe system for fluid to be heated are given a suitable geometrical shape by using extruded components of light aluminium alloy or tubes of copper or other metal which is a good conductor of heat.
The surface absorbing the solar radiation is treated to make it absorbent and selective, i.e. with low emission in the infra-red range.
The resulting collector having the aforementioned characteristics is highly efficient and can heat a liquid to above 10000. Besides heating water, it can be used for air-conditioning houses, water distillation and desalination, etc.
The invention mainly relates to a heat-exchange device for recovering solar energy by heating water or another fluid, whilst producing a concentration of radiation by the greenhouse effect; the part exposed to the sun being protected by a glass plate. The device comprises at least one component having a stationary, specular surface which can convey direct or diffuse incident solar radiation and concentrate it towards a corresponding coaxial component having an absorbent surface; the or each absorbent surface being selective, made up of an extruded light-alloy component or tube made of copper or another metal, and comprising an internal coaxial pipe system for the fluid to be heated, wherein the or each component having an absorbent surface is coaxially enclosed in a tube, the exterior of which is transparent to incident solar radiation and reflects at and towards its interior the infra-red radiation emitted by the absorbing surface, although the amount of radiation is reduced owing to the selective nature of the surface.
According to one feature of the invention, the or each stationary, specular surface is made up of a pseudo-elliptical section member, wherein a tube for collecting the fluid to be heated is disposed along the incident region of the reflected solar radiation.
The or each sectional member is obtained by stamping a specular sheet of stainless steel or light alloy.
According to another feature of the invention, the or each component having a selectively absorbent surface and comprising a pipe system for the fluid to be heated has a ribbed cross-section obtained by extruding a light alloy.
According to another featuure, the or each trans pa rent tube enclosing a selectively absorbent surface has an internal surface which is optically treated to reflect infra-red radiation.
Preferably the heat-exchange device comprises a set of components made up ofspecularsurfaces and a set of corresponding coaxial components having absorbent surfaces.
The accompanying drawings show, by way of example, two embodiments of the solar collector or heat-exchange device according to the invention, utilizing two different methods of construction. In the drawings:
Figure 1 shows a collector comprising a ribbed pipe system for fluid and pseudo-elliptical specular surfaces, whereas
Figure 2 shows a duct comprising two cylindrical tubes obtained by bending a single tube, the specular surfaces being pseudo-elliptical as before.
Figures 3 and 4, which are cross-sections along the lines BB in Figures 1 and 2 respectively, show how the pipes are connected in parallel and in series in the aforementioned two embodiments.
In Figure 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a plate of highly transparent glass 3 or 4 mm thick, for protecting the collector and thermally insulating it from the exterior. Reference numeral 2 denotes a set of specular surfaces or linear mirrors obtained e.g.
by stamping specular stainless-steel or anodized aluminium sheets.
Each mirror is disposed parallel to the axis of the absorbing surface (3,5) which received incident radiation and is placed so as to bound the incident region of solar radiation reflected by the mirror. The mirror cross-section is pseudo-elliptical and can be obtained by bringing together two arcs of an ellipse connected by a flat surface. The cross-section is such that incident radiation over a wide aperture angle can be directed towards the absorbing surface. A set of axially rectilinear pipes 3 conveys the fluid for heating and forms the absorbent body.
In Figures 1 and 2, like elements bear like reference numbers. The outer surfaces of pipes 3 and 5 can be speciallytreated to make them selectively absorbent, i.e.with high power to absorb incident visible radiation and emitting only a small portion of the re-emitted infra-red radiation. Pipes 3 and 5 can be obtained by extruding a light alloy having high thermal conductivity or can be ordinary bent cylindrical tubes 5 (Figure 2) made of copper or another material which is a good conductor of heat. In order to increase the light-receiving surface, the pipes in
Figure 1 are provided with ribs 4. The pipes are connected in series at their ends, simply by bending a single tube (Figure 4) so as to provide one or more directions of flow in each specular surface.Alternatively all the pipes can be connected in parallel to a main inlet duct 7 and a main outlet duct 8 (Figure 3).
If light-alloy extruded components are used, the shape of the cross-section shown by way of example in the drawing can be chosen so as to reduce the amount of metal used and ensure that incident radiation, reflected by the specular surfaces, is received over a wide aperture angle of incident radiation.
Pipes 3 and 5 are surrounded by a set of cylindrical tubes 6 disposed between the absorbing pipes and the specular surfaces 2. The inner surfaces 9 of the tubes are specially treated so as to reflect and thus send back a large proportion of the infra-red radiation emitted by the absorbing body. The tubes are thus adapted to reduce heat losses by convention or radiation.
The specular surfaces rest on a thermally insulating layer 10 of expanded plastics or glass wool, for further reducing heat losses towards the lower part.
The assembly comprising the specular surfaces, pipes and insulating thermal layer is enclosed in a case or frame made of plastics or metal and connected to the top glass plate 1 by cement or a securing system comprising a strap 12.
Claims (7)
1. A heat-exchange device for recovering solar energy for heating water or another fluid, of the kind producing a concentration of radiation by the greenhouse effect, in which the part facing the sun is protected by a glass plate, characterised in that it comprises at least one component having a stationary, specular surface which can convey direct or diffuse incident solar radiation and concentrate it towards a corresponding, coaxial component having an absorbent surface, the or each surface being selectively absorbent and made of an extruded light-alloy element or tube of copper or other metal and comprising an internal, coaxial pipe system for the fluid to be heated, wherein the or each absorbent surface component is coaxially enclosed in a tube which is externally transparent to incident solar radiation and reflects internally and towards its interiortheinfrared radiation emitted bytheselec- tive, absorbent surface.
2. A heat-exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that the or each stationary, specular surface is made up of a pseudo-elliptical sectional members and wherein the or each tube for collecting the fluid to be heated is disposed along the incident
region of reflected solar radiation, the or each surface being obtained by stamping a specular sheet of stainless steel.
3. A heat-exchange device according to claim 1 characterised in that the or each stationary, specular surface is obtained by stamping an anodized alumi
nium specular sheet.
4. A heat-exchange device according to any one
of claims 1 to 3 wherein the or each component
having a selectively absorbent surface and compris
ing a pipe system for the fluid to be heated has a
ribbed cross-section.
5. A heat-exchange device according to any one
of claims 1 to 3 wherein the or each component
having a selectively absorbent surface and compris
ing a pipe for the fluid to be heated is obtained by
bending a single tube.
6. A heat-exchange device according to any one
of the preceding claims wherein the or each transpa
rent tube enclosing a corresponding selectively
absorbent surface has an internal surface which is optically treated so as to reflect infra-red radiation.
7. A heat-exchange device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in either Figures 1 and 3 or Figures 2 and 4 ofthe accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU79869A LU79869A1 (en) | 1978-06-22 | 1978-06-22 | SOLAR COLLECTOR WITH TRAP FOR INFRARED |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2023807A true GB2023807A (en) | 1980-01-03 |
Family
ID=19728947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7921613A Withdrawn GB2023807A (en) | 1978-06-22 | 1979-06-21 | A solar collector with a trap for infra-red radiation |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES481525A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2429395A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2023807A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1162486B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU79869A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT69793A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4340035A (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1982-07-20 | Begun James A | Solar collector |
| GB2147408A (en) * | 1983-10-04 | 1985-05-09 | Dimos Maglaras | Solar water heater |
| WO2010025507A1 (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-11 | Chimera Innovations Pty Ltd | Method and apparatus for solar energy assisted heat exchange |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2509844A1 (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1983-01-21 | Antona Pancrace | SOLAR PLANAR SENSOR WITH CONCENTRATION AND GREENHOUSE EFFECT |
| DE19608138C1 (en) * | 1996-03-02 | 1997-06-19 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Channel-type solar radiation collector |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR937904A (en) * | 1946-12-24 | 1948-08-31 | Device for using solar energy | |
| FR1165672A (en) * | 1957-01-24 | 1958-10-28 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Static receiver for solar energy concentration |
| US3974824A (en) * | 1974-08-09 | 1976-08-17 | Solergy, Inc. | Solar heating device |
| IT1052506B (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1981-07-20 | Euratom | IMPROVEMENT IN SOLAR COLLECTORS |
| DE2612171A1 (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1977-09-29 | Philips Patentverwaltung | SOLAR COLLECTOR WITH EVACUATED ABSORBER COVER TUBE |
| DE2649792A1 (en) * | 1976-10-29 | 1978-05-03 | Swarovski & Co | Solar energy collector with lens or mirror focussing - has reflective layer on reverse side of absorber element and corrects for change in incident radiation angle |
-
1978
- 1978-06-22 LU LU79869A patent/LU79869A1/en unknown
-
1979
- 1979-06-13 ES ES481525A patent/ES481525A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-19 IT IT49463/79A patent/IT1162486B/en active
- 1979-06-21 GB GB7921613A patent/GB2023807A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-06-21 PT PT69793A patent/PT69793A/en unknown
- 1979-06-22 FR FR7916157A patent/FR2429395A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4340035A (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1982-07-20 | Begun James A | Solar collector |
| GB2147408A (en) * | 1983-10-04 | 1985-05-09 | Dimos Maglaras | Solar water heater |
| WO2010025507A1 (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-11 | Chimera Innovations Pty Ltd | Method and apparatus for solar energy assisted heat exchange |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2429395A1 (en) | 1980-01-18 |
| IT1162486B (en) | 1987-04-01 |
| ES481525A1 (en) | 1980-01-16 |
| LU79869A1 (en) | 1979-09-06 |
| PT69793A (en) | 1979-07-01 |
| IT7949463A0 (en) | 1979-06-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |