GB184825A - A new or improved process for the production of ethers of carbo-hydrates - Google Patents
A new or improved process for the production of ethers of carbo-hydratesInfo
- Publication number
- GB184825A GB184825A GB7962/21A GB796221A GB184825A GB 184825 A GB184825 A GB 184825A GB 7962/21 A GB7962/21 A GB 7962/21A GB 796221 A GB796221 A GB 796221A GB 184825 A GB184825 A GB 184825A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- alkyl
- chlorides
- ethers
- excess
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B11/00—Preparation of cellulose ethers
- C08B11/02—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
Alkyl ethers of cellulose, starch, dextrin and other carbohydrates of the general formula (C6H10O5)n, which are characterized by their insolubility in alcohol, benzene, and water, are obtained by treating the carbohydrates with alkyl chlorides at a temperature of 100-150 DEG C., in the presence of caustic alkali or other metallic hydroxide together with an amount of water not greater than half the weight of the alkali; it is preferred not to employ an excess of alkali, but an excess of alkyl chloride is used, preferably in the ratio of 20 molecular weights of the chloride to one molecular weight of the carbohydrate, taken as C6H10O5. The excess of alkyl chloride is eventually recovered, as by distillation. The reaction is facilitated by the addition of finely divided copper or other catalyst, and an inert organic diluent such as benzene may be added. In working the process, cellulose is soaked in 40 per cent caustic alkali solution, and afterwards pressed to give a product containing 2 parts of cellulose, 2-3 parts of caustic alkali, and 1-1 1/2 parts of water; alternatively, the ingredients in these proportions may be ground or mixed together; the etherification is carried out in one stage and usually in an autoclave, and in the case of ethyl and methyl chlorides at a temperature of 100 DEG C., but a higher temperature, preferably not exceeding 130 DEG C., is necessary with propyl, butyl and amyl chlorides, etc.; during etherification, the reacting-materials are preferably stirred or agitated. The ether is washed with water, and is purified by solution in glacial acetic acid with subsequent precipitation with water. Mixed ethers are obtained by employing a mixture of alkyl chlorides. The ethers may be employed in the manufacture of artificial threads, films, varnishes, plastic masses, &c.ALSO:Alkyl ethers of starch, dextrin and other carbohydrates of the general formula (C6H10O5)N, which are characterized by their insolubility in alcohol, benzene and water, are obtained by treating the carbohydrates with alkyl chlorides at a temperature of 100-150 DEG C., in the presence of caustic alkali or other metallic hydroxide together with an amount of water not greater than half the weight of the alkali; it is preferred not to employ an excess of alkali, but an excess of alkyl chloride is used, preferably in the ratio of 20 molecular weights of chloride to one molecular weight of carbohydrate taken as C6H10O5-the excess of alkyl chloride is eventually recovered, as by distillation. The reaction is facilitated by the addition of finely-divided copper or other catalyst, and an inert organic diluent such as benzene may be added. In working the process, cellulose is soaked in 40 per cent caustic alkali solution and afterwards pressed to give a product containing 2 parts of cellulose, 2-3 parts of caustic alkali, and 1-1 1/2 parts of water; alternatively, the ingredients in these proportions may be ground or mixed together; the etherification is carried out in one stage and usually in an autoclave, and in the case of ethyl or methyl chlorides at a temperature of 100 DEG C., but a higher temperature, preferably not exceeding 130 DEG C., is necessary with propyl, butyl, amyl chlorides, etc.; during etherification, the reacting-materials are preferably stirred or agitated. The ether is washed with water, and is purified by solution in glacial acetic acid and subsequent precipitation with water. Mixed ethers are obtained by employing a mixture of alkyl chlorides. The ethers may be employed in the manufacture of artificial threads, films, varnishes, plastic masses, &c.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB7962/21A GB184825A (en) | 1921-09-12 | 1921-09-12 | A new or improved process for the production of ethers of carbo-hydrates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB7962/21A GB184825A (en) | 1921-09-12 | 1921-09-12 | A new or improved process for the production of ethers of carbo-hydrates |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB184825A true GB184825A (en) | 1922-08-31 |
Family
ID=9843112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB7962/21A Expired GB184825A (en) | 1921-09-12 | 1921-09-12 | A new or improved process for the production of ethers of carbo-hydrates |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB184825A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE977104C (en) * | 1952-02-12 | 1965-03-11 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Process for the production of water-soluble methyl celluloses |
DE977248C (en) * | 1953-05-22 | 1965-07-29 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Process for the production of water-soluble methyl celluloses |
-
1921
- 1921-09-12 GB GB7962/21A patent/GB184825A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE977104C (en) * | 1952-02-12 | 1965-03-11 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Process for the production of water-soluble methyl celluloses |
DE977248C (en) * | 1953-05-22 | 1965-07-29 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Process for the production of water-soluble methyl celluloses |
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