GB1604623A - Diesel internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Diesel internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1604623A
GB1604623A GB35172/77A GB3517277A GB1604623A GB 1604623 A GB1604623 A GB 1604623A GB 35172/77 A GB35172/77 A GB 35172/77A GB 3517277 A GB3517277 A GB 3517277A GB 1604623 A GB1604623 A GB 1604623A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
valve
groove
seat
orifice
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB35172/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Penry Davey S S W
Original Assignee
Penry Davey S S W
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Penry Davey S S W filed Critical Penry Davey S S W
Priority to GB35172/77A priority Critical patent/GB1604623A/en
Publication of GB1604623A publication Critical patent/GB1604623A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/06—Valve members or valve-seats with means for guiding or deflecting the medium controlled thereby, e.g. producing a rotary motion of the drawn-in cylinder charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (71) We, SAMUEL SAUNDERS WATSON PENRY-DAVEY and ANTONY FRANCIS BALSTON, the joint personal representatives of the late Henry Weslake, both of 23 Cambridge Rood, Hastings, Sussex, both British Subjects, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us and the method by which it is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to diesel internal combustion engines.
The invention provides a diesel internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders the or each of which is provided with a reciprocable piston, a cylinder head having inlet and outlet passages controlled by inlet and outlet poppet valves respectively and a fuel injector, the inlet passages terminating in an orifice and having a seat recessed into the cylinder head from the orifice of the passage to receive and enshroud the valve in the closed position of the valve, the passage wall between the orifice and seat extending parallel to the direction of movement of the valve and a groove extending laterally from one side of the passage wall between the seat and the orifice to provide an opening for the inlet passage to the groove when the inlet valve is spaced from the valve seat but still enshrouded by the passage wall to create a relatively high velocity air flow through the groove.
In one embodiment of the invention the groove from the inlet passage may be directed towards the exhaust valve so that the flow of air through the groove is directed over the hot exhaust valve in use.
In a further embodiment of the invention the groove is directed along a line extending to one side of a central axis of the cylinder to promote swirl in the cylinder.
In a still further arrangement, the groove may extend towards the fuel injector.
In any of the above arrangements the orifice and valve seat for the inlet passage may be formed in a separate insert let into the cylinder head.
Also in any of the above arrangements the exhaust passage may have an orifice and seat formed in a separate insert let into the cylinder head.
The following is a description of some specific embodiments of the invention, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through part of a diesel internal combustion engine showing one cylinder of the engine; Figure 2 is a lateral section through the engine; Figure 3 is a detail view of a valve seat insert of the engine; and Figure 4 is an under-plan view of part of a cylinder head of the engine.
Referring to the drawings, there is shown a multi-cylinder diesel internal combustion engine having a cylinder block 10 and a cylinder head 11. The cylinder block 10 has a number of cylinder bores 12 only one of which is shown each containing a reciprocating piston 13.
The piston 13 has a crown 14 in which a combustion chamber 15 is formed the axis 16 of which is off-set from the main central axis 17 of the piston.
The cylinder head 11 has an inlet passage 18 for air extending through the head and terminating in an orifice 19 formed in a valve insert 20 (see Figure 3) which is let into the surface of the cylinder head over the cylinder 12. The orifice 19 is disposed over a part of the piston 13 to one side of the combustion chamber 15.
Flow through the inlet passage 18 is controlled by a poppet type inlet valve 21. The valve insert 20 has a frusto-conical seat 22 against which the head of the poppet valve closes which is recessed into the insert above the orifice 19 so that the head of the poppet valve is received and enshrouded by a cylindrical wall 23 of the insert in the closed position of the valve. The wall 23 extends from the seat 22 to the orifice 19 parallel to the direction of movement of the valve 21.
On the other side of the cylinder head 11 there is an outlet passage 24 extending from an outlet orifice 25 formed in a valve insert 26 let into the cylinder head. The outlet orifice 25 is opened and closed by a poppet type valve 27 the head of which is engageable with a frusto-conical seat 28 in the valve insert. Although not illustrated the outlet orifice 25 may overlie the combustion chamber 15 in the crown of the piston. A fuel injector 30 is mounted in the cylinder head to one side of the region between the inlet and outlet valves and over the combustion chamber 15 to direct fuel into the combustion chamber.
As best seen in Figure 3 of the drawings the inlet valve seat insert 20 has a laterally extending groove 31 cut through the cylindrical wall 23 of the insert between the valve seat 22 and the orifice 19. When the valve has just opened or is about to dose and the valve is enshrouded in the insert but is not engaging the valve seat, there will be a high velocity air flow through the groove. In the arrangement shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, the groove 31 is directed towards the exhaust valve. Thus the high velocity air flow from the inlet valve will be directed over the hot exhaust valve and the air will therefore be preheated to enhance the subsequent combustion process and a swirl will be imparted to the gases in the cylinder.The swirl assists in promoting mixing of the fuel injected by the injector 30 with the air in the combustion chamber to promote smooth and rapid combustion of the fuel.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the exhaust valve insert 26 also has a groove 31 between the seat 28 and orifice 25 of the insert and is directed towards the inlet valve to enhance the flow of air over the exhaust valve from the groove in the inlet valve seat.
The groove in the inlet valve seat insert may be directed in other directions. For example the groove can be directed towards the fuel injector or may be directed around the cylinder (i.e. to one side of the cylinder axis) away from both the exhaust valve and the fuel injector to promote swirl in the gases contained in the cylinder.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A diesel internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders the or each of which is provided with a reciprocable piston, a cylinder head having inlet and outlet passages controlled by inlet and outlet poppet valves respectively and a fuel injector, the inlet passage terminating in an orifice and having a seat recessed into the cylinder head from the orifice of the passage to receive and enshroud the valve in the closed position of the valve, the passage wall between the orifice and seat extending parallel to the direction of movement of the valve and a groove extending laterally from one side of the passage wall between the seat and orifice to provide an opening for the inlet passage to the groove when the inlet valve is spaced from the valve seat but still enshrouded by the passage wall to create a relatively high velocity air flow through the groove.
2. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove from the inlet passage is directed towards the exhaust valve so that the flow of air through the groove is directed over the hot exhaust valve in use.
3. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove is directed along a line extending to one side of a central axis of the cylinder to promote swirl in the cylinder.
4. An engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the groove extends towards the fuel injector.
5. An engine as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the orifice and seat for the inlet passage are formed in a separate insert let into the cylinder head.
6. An engine as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the exhaust port has an orifice and seat formed in a separate insert let into the cylinder head.
7. A diesel internal combustion engine substantially as described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (7)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. the seat 22 to the orifice 19 parallel to the direction of movement of the valve 21. On the other side of the cylinder head 11 there is an outlet passage 24 extending from an outlet orifice 25 formed in a valve insert 26 let into the cylinder head. The outlet orifice 25 is opened and closed by a poppet type valve 27 the head of which is engageable with a frusto-conical seat 28 in the valve insert. Although not illustrated the outlet orifice 25 may overlie the combustion chamber 15 in the crown of the piston. A fuel injector 30 is mounted in the cylinder head to one side of the region between the inlet and outlet valves and over the combustion chamber 15 to direct fuel into the combustion chamber. As best seen in Figure 3 of the drawings the inlet valve seat insert 20 has a laterally extending groove 31 cut through the cylindrical wall 23 of the insert between the valve seat 22 and the orifice 19. When the valve has just opened or is about to dose and the valve is enshrouded in the insert but is not engaging the valve seat, there will be a high velocity air flow through the groove. In the arrangement shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, the groove 31 is directed towards the exhaust valve. Thus the high velocity air flow from the inlet valve will be directed over the hot exhaust valve and the air will therefore be preheated to enhance the subsequent combustion process and a swirl will be imparted to the gases in the cylinder.The swirl assists in promoting mixing of the fuel injected by the injector 30 with the air in the combustion chamber to promote smooth and rapid combustion of the fuel. In the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the exhaust valve insert 26 also has a groove 31 between the seat 28 and orifice 25 of the insert and is directed towards the inlet valve to enhance the flow of air over the exhaust valve from the groove in the inlet valve seat. The groove in the inlet valve seat insert may be directed in other directions. For example the groove can be directed towards the fuel injector or may be directed around the cylinder (i.e. to one side of the cylinder axis) away from both the exhaust valve and the fuel injector to promote swirl in the gases contained in the cylinder. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A diesel internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders the or each of which is provided with a reciprocable piston, a cylinder head having inlet and outlet passages controlled by inlet and outlet poppet valves respectively and a fuel injector, the inlet passage terminating in an orifice and having a seat recessed into the cylinder head from the orifice of the passage to receive and enshroud the valve in the closed position of the valve, the passage wall between the orifice and seat extending parallel to the direction of movement of the valve and a groove extending laterally from one side of the passage wall between the seat and orifice to provide an opening for the inlet passage to the groove when the inlet valve is spaced from the valve seat but still enshrouded by the passage wall to create a relatively high velocity air flow through the groove.
2. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove from the inlet passage is directed towards the exhaust valve so that the flow of air through the groove is directed over the hot exhaust valve in use.
3. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the groove is directed along a line extending to one side of a central axis of the cylinder to promote swirl in the cylinder.
4. An engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the groove extends towards the fuel injector.
5. An engine as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the orifice and seat for the inlet passage are formed in a separate insert let into the cylinder head.
6. An engine as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the exhaust port has an orifice and seat formed in a separate insert let into the cylinder head.
7. A diesel internal combustion engine substantially as described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB35172/77A 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Diesel internal combustion engines Expired GB1604623A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB35172/77A GB1604623A (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Diesel internal combustion engines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB35172/77A GB1604623A (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Diesel internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1604623A true GB1604623A (en) 1981-12-09

Family

ID=10374676

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB35172/77A Expired GB1604623A (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Diesel internal combustion engines

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1604623A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1167700A2 (en) * 2000-06-20 2002-01-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A valve device of an internal combustion engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1167700A2 (en) * 2000-06-20 2002-01-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A valve device of an internal combustion engine
EP1167700A3 (en) * 2000-06-20 2003-02-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A valve device of an internal combustion engine

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PS Patent sealed
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee