GB1602095A - Air conditioning apparatus in surface vehicles - Google Patents
Air conditioning apparatus in surface vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1602095A GB1602095A GB3078077A GB3078077A GB1602095A GB 1602095 A GB1602095 A GB 1602095A GB 3078077 A GB3078077 A GB 3078077A GB 3078077 A GB3078077 A GB 3078077A GB 1602095 A GB1602095 A GB 1602095A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- air
- compressor
- vehicle
- heat exchanger
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
- F41H7/03—Air-pressurised compartments for crew; Means for preventing admission of noxious substances, e.g. combustion gas from gun barrels, in crew compartments; Sealing arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B11/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines
- F25B11/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines as expanders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/004—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being air
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO AIR
CONDITIONING APPARATUS IN SURFACE
VEHICLES
(71) We, BRITISH AEROSPACE
PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY, a British
Company organised under British
Aerospace (Nominated Company) order
1980 and British Aerospace (Appointed
Day) Order 1980, of 100 Pall Mall, London,
SWIY 5HR do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to air conditioning
apparatus in surface vehicles.
In large enclosures such as buildings, ships and railway trains, where space is available and where weight is relatively unimportant, it is common practice to use piant having its own power source and the most common type is that in which a gas such as Freon (Registered Trade Mark) is pumped around a system, including a heat exchanger, similar to that of a refrigerator and the air is then blown through the heat exchanger to cool it.
An alternative system, used in aircraft powered by gas turbine engines which have an ample reserve of power and a compressor as part of each power unit, is to take a tapping of compressed air from a gas turbine compressor, pass it through a heat exchanger to remove heat and then allow it to expand with further loss of heat.
It has recently become recognised that such latter systems can advantageously be employed for armoured fighting vehicles, whereby the crew are enabled to make more effective use of the vehicle. For existing vehicles a known system designed and produced by Plessey Aerospace and
Hawker Siddeley Dynamics Limited takes the form of an integral lightweight gas turbine-driven power pack providing a supply of conditioned air and also electrical power. Such a power pack can be fitted to a vehicle and form part of its equipment or it can be used externally to provide air and electrical power to a group of vehicles in "harbour"
In such known systems the conditioned air supplied from the compressor cools the vehicle cockpit and is then discharged overboard.
According to the present invention, there is provided air-conditioning apparatus in a surface vehicle comprising an airrecirculating system including a two-stage
compressor, a heat exchanger cooled in use by a flow of atmospheric air from outside
the vehicle, and an expansion machine
driving the second stage of the compressor, the first compressor stage being dnven. by
an external power input, the recirculating
air being drawn from the vehicle
compartment to be air-conditioned,
compressed in the two compressor stages,
cooled after compressiop in the heat
exchanger and then being expanded and
further cooled in the expansion machine
before being returned to the vehicle
compartment, the recirculating system
further including molecular biological and
chemical filter means for purifying the
recirculated air.
The invention thus makes more effective
use of power by recycling the air through
the system, the excess heat from the system
being removed by a heat exchanger cooled
by air external to the air-conditioning
system.
The noxious or harmful substances are
removed from the recycled air by employing
a molecular biological and chemical filter means to destroy or remove such substances before the air re-enters the vehicle compartment.
Because the power requirement of the
system is reduced it can be smaller than
hitherto, thereby making it easier to instal
and reducing manufacturing and operating
costs.
One embodiment of the invention will
now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a diagrammatic representation of an air conditioning system in an armoured fighting vehicle.
In the system shown in the drawing, a power source at 1, which may be either a self-contained power unit or a shaft driven from a main engine of the vehicle, is coupled to drive a compressor 2. Air entering the compressor 2 from the vehicle cockpit 3 is compressed and fed to a second stage compressor 4 from where it passes through a heat exchanger 5 that is cooled by a flow of external atmospheric air which is induced by a fan 9. The temperature of the compressed air is thereby reduced, and this air then serves to drive a turbine 6 to which the compressor 4 is mechanically coupled.
The air leaving the turbine 6 at relatively low temperature then passes through a water extractor 7 and molecular biological and chemical filter means 8 after which it returns to the vehicle cockpit 3.
To provide adjustment of flow whereby the system is made flexible, a 2-way valve 10 is provided in the compressed air duct between the first and second stage compressor 2, 4, which valve allows air in excess of requirements to be off-loaded. For adjusting the temperature of the vehicle cockpit, a temperature control valve 11 is provided which is situated in a bypass in parallel with the heat exchanger 5 so that it regulates the proportion of the compressed air flow that passes through the heat exchanger.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. Air-conditioning apparatus in a surface vehicle comprising an air-recirculating system including a two-stage compressor, a heat exchanger cooled in use by a flow of atmospheric air from outside the vehicle, and an expansion machine driving the second stage of the compressor, the first compressor stage being driven by an external power input, the recirculating air being drawn from the vehicle compartment to be air-conditioned, compressed in the two compressor stages, cooled after compression in the heat exchanger and then being expanded and further cooled in the expansion machine before being returned to the vehicle compartment, the recirculating system further including molecular biological and chemical filter means for purifying the recirculated air.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an air-exhausting valve is provided between the two compressor stages which valve is adjustable for exhausting a variable proportion of the compressed air delivered by the first stage.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the heat exchanger has a bypass and a temperature control valve is situated in the bypass and is adjustable to vary the proportion of the compressed air that passes through the heat exchanger.
4. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the air exhausting from the expansion machine is passed through a water separator in addition to the biological and chemical filter means before being returned to the vehicle compartment.
5. An air conditioning apparatus in an armoured fighting vehicle, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (5)
1. Air-conditioning apparatus in a surface vehicle comprising an air-recirculating system including a two-stage compressor, a heat exchanger cooled in use by a flow of atmospheric air from outside the vehicle, and an expansion machine driving the second stage of the compressor, the first compressor stage being driven by an external power input, the recirculating air being drawn from the vehicle compartment to be air-conditioned, compressed in the two compressor stages, cooled after compression in the heat exchanger and then being expanded and further cooled in the expansion machine before being returned to the vehicle compartment, the recirculating system further including molecular biological and chemical filter means for purifying the recirculated air.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an air-exhausting valve is provided between the two compressor stages which valve is adjustable for exhausting a variable proportion of the compressed air delivered by the first stage.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the heat exchanger has a bypass and a temperature control valve is situated in the bypass and is adjustable to vary the proportion of the compressed air that passes through the heat exchanger.
4. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the air exhausting from the expansion machine is passed through a water separator in addition to the biological and chemical filter means before being returned to the vehicle compartment.
5. An air conditioning apparatus in an armoured fighting vehicle, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3078077A GB1602095A (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1977-07-22 | Air conditioning apparatus in surface vehicles |
FR7820277A FR2397950A1 (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1978-07-07 | VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM |
DE19782831129 DE2831129A1 (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1978-07-12 | VENTILATION OR AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR ONE VEHICLE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3078077A GB1602095A (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1977-07-22 | Air conditioning apparatus in surface vehicles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1602095A true GB1602095A (en) | 1981-11-04 |
Family
ID=10313028
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB3078077A Expired GB1602095A (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1977-07-22 | Air conditioning apparatus in surface vehicles |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2831129A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2397950A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1602095A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3402618A1 (en) * | 1984-01-26 | 1985-08-08 | Krupp Mak Maschinenbau Gmbh, 2300 Kiel | DEVICE FOR AIR CONDITIONING |
FR2584801B1 (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1990-06-15 | Electricite De France | HEAT PUMPING DEVICE AND INSTALLATION |
DE102004063840B3 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-04-20 | Deh, Ulrich, Dr.-Ing. | A method for air conditioning a room or motor vehicle interior has a heat pump in which the compressed or low pressure air is exhausted for cooling or heating |
DE102014008556A1 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-17 | Manfred Stute | Turbo air-conditioning |
DE102015012995A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 | 2016-04-14 | Daimler Ag | Turbo air conditioning with low and high pressure level |
-
1977
- 1977-07-22 GB GB3078077A patent/GB1602095A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-07-07 FR FR7820277A patent/FR2397950A1/en active Granted
- 1978-07-12 DE DE19782831129 patent/DE2831129A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2831129A1 (en) | 1979-02-01 |
FR2397950A1 (en) | 1979-02-16 |
FR2397950B3 (en) | 1981-03-06 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |