GB1601600A

GB1601600A - Centrifugal liquid cleaner

Info

Publication number: GB1601600A
Application number: GB25398/78A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1977-06-20
Filing date: 1978-05-31
Publication date: 1981-11-04
Also published as: SU860868A1; AU517217B2; ES470909A1; DE2826819C3; FR2395076B1; JPS547671A; SE7806789L; GR62676B; DE2826819A1; DE2826819B2; JPS589704B2; SE439737B; FR2395076A1; AU3676778A

Description

(54) CENTRIFUGAL LIQUID CLEANER (71) We, VICTOR ALEXEEVICH BERBER kv.65.184 Shelkovichnayauiitsa, Saratov, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); NIKOLAI ALEXANDROVICH KHODOSOV, 6 linia, 36, Oktyabrsky poselok, Saratov, USSR; STANISLAV ALEXANDROVICH KOSYGIN, kv.

17, 180 Shelkovichnaya ulitsa, Saratov, USSR; VLADIMIR IVANOVICH MOZYAKOV, kv.47, 190 Shelkovichnaya ulitsa, Saratov, USSR; IGOR MIKHAILOVICH LAPSHEV, kv. 13. utitsa 20 let VLKSM, Saratov, all citizens of the USSR do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The present invention relates to liquid cleaning devices and more particularly it relates to centrifugal cleaners for liquids.

The centrifugal cleaner embodying the present invention can be very successfully used for freeing liquids (oil, fuel, etc), from solid impurities.

According to the present invention we provide a centrifugal cleaner for liquid comprising upstanding central piping providing for inlet and outlet flows of liquid therethrough, and a cylindrical rotor surrounding the central piping and including an annular body whereof segmental portions have therethrough radial series of axial passages of arcuate cross-section providing for upward flow of liquid through the body from end to end thereof, top and bottom casing portions at the ends of the body, and top and bottom bladed impellers within the casing portions having open sides adjacent to the ends of the body and having side discs which form with the blading segmental channels covering the ends of the segmental portions of the body, the arrangement being such that on rotation of the rotor relatively to the piping the bottom impeller directs inlet liquid from the piping radially outwards towards the bottom ends of the axial passages, the top impeller radially outwards, and liquid flows upwards through the axial passages at velocities which are progressively greater between the innermost and outermost axial passages.

Preferably the rim of the top impeller forms with the top casing portion a U-passage for the return flow of the liquid radially inwards to the central piping for discharge therethrough.

Preferably also the annular body consists of a central bush rotatably mounted on the upright piping, a band extending spirally around the bush, and a plurality of angularly spaced radial rows of spacers extending axially between the coils of the spiral and connected at their ends to the blading of the impellers.

Preferably also the impeller discs are so arranged that the distance between each disc and the corresponding end of the annular body satisfies the condition: li R3 -r3 12 r3 - r03 where: 11 = distance between the disc of the top impeller and the corresponding end of the annular body at a given radius r of the annular body; 12 = distance between the disc of the bottom impeller and the corresponding end of the annular body at said given radius r of the annular body; R = maximum radius of the annular body; and ro = minimum radius of the annular body.

The centrifugal liquid cleaner embodying the present invention improves the degree of liquid cleaning while it retains the same capacity as that of the prior art centrifugal cleaners.

Besides, the centrifugal cleaner embodying the invention can work with intervals between successive removals of sediment from the rotor at least twice as long as those with the prior art cleaners.

An embodiment of the invention will now be particularly described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a centrifugal liquid cleaner; Figure 2 shows a fragmentary cross section of the annular body, being a section taken along the line Il-H in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a cross section of the annular body taken along the line III-III in Figure 1.

Referring to the drawing A centrifugal cleaner for liquid comprises a hollow axle or pipe 1 (Figure 1) fixed immovably at the lower end on a base 2. In the lower part of a chamber "A" in the axle 1 there is an inlet pipe union 3 admitting the incoming liquid into the cleaner, and an outlet pipe union 4 discharging the cleaned liquid.

Mounted in bearings 5 and 6 on the axle 1 is a cylindrical rotor 7 intended to rotate the liquid to be cleaned. On the upper end of the axle 1 is installed a disc-shaped suction head 8 which puts the interior of the rotor 7 in communication with the pipe union 4 through a pipe 9 extending through the chamber "A" of the axle 1. The head 8 pumps the liquid and simultaneously serves as an upper thrust bearing for the cylindrical rotor 7. The axle 1 has ports 10 in the middle thereof for delivering liquid into the rotor 7. The rotor comprises an annular body composed of a bushing 11 around which is wound spirally a band 12, and installed in radially extending rows between the turns of said spiral band axially extending spacers 13 (Figure 2).The spacers 13 together with the turns of the band 12 form arcuate-section axial passages 14 extending from end to end of the body and whose size depends on the thickness of the spacers 13. The bushing 11 is provided with a pressed-in lower impeller 15 (Figure 1) and an upper impeller 16, the impellers being located respectively under and above the annular body. The lower impeller 15 comprises a disc 17 with blades 18 (Figure 3) arranged radially and uniformly thereon around its circumference; the lower part of the disc is in the form of a sheave 19 (Figure 1) which connects the rotor via a V-belt transmission (not shown) with the drive (not shown). The impeller 15 serves to direct the flow of liquid and align the rotor in the bearing 6.

The upper impeller 16 comprises a disc 20 which has thereon radial blades 21 (Figure 3) equispaced peripherally thereof, the impeller serving to align the rotor 7 (Figure 1) in the bearing 5 and to direct the flow of liquid.

The ends of the elongate spacers 13 are secured to the blades 18 and 21 of the lower and upper impellers 15 and 16 respectively.

The liquid is delivered to the passages 14 through an annular chamber "B" between the bushing 11 and the axle 1, and through radial segmental channels formed by the blades 18 and the disc 17 of the impeller to the lower end of the annular body.

The cleaned liquid is discharged from the passages 14 into the radial segmental channels formed at the upper end of the annular body by the disc 20 and blades 21 of the impeller 16.

The body and impellers are enclosed in a casing 22 which is secured at its lower edge to the disc 17 of the impeller 15.

A hole (not shown) in the upper part of the casing 22 serves for venting out air when the rotor 7 is being filled with liquid.

The efficiency of the centrifugal cleaner depends on the selection of the distances 11 (Figure 1) and 12 respectively between the disc 17 of the impeller 15 and the lower end of the annular body and between the disc 20 of the impeller 16 and the upper end of the annular body. The relationship between these distances governs the distribution of liquid velocities in the passages 14 and, consequently, the efficiency of the cleaning in each passage 14.

The best distribution of liquid velocities in the axial passages of-the annular body is the one obeying the following law: V V= const (I) r where: v = liquid velocity in the passage, r = radius to the location of the passage; because only this distribution of liquid velocities ensures a uniform degree of cleaning in each passage and consequently maximum efficiency.

Such a distribution of velocities in the passages 14 of the annular body is achieved because the distance between each of the discs 17, 20 and the corresponding end of the annular body satisfies the following condition: 11 = R3 -r3 (II) 12 r3 --rO3 where 1l = distance between the disc 17 of the lower impeller 15 and the corresponding end of the annular body, at a given radius r of the annular body; 12 = distance between the disc 20 of the upper impeller 16 abd the corresponding end of the annular body at said given radius r of the annular body; R = maximum radius of the annular body; rO = minimum radius of the annular body.

In the centrifugal liquid cleaner of the above-described construction the shape of the disc 17 of the impeller 15 and the distance 1 between said disc and the lower end of the annular body are selected so as to reduce to a minimum the effect of Coriolis forces upon the cleaning of the liquid in the passages 14 and the hydraulic resistance to be overcome by the liquid delivered to these passages, and to ensure sliding down of sediment from the passages 14 and its maximum accumulation on the internal wall of the casing 22.

The shape of the disc 20 of the impeller 16 and the distance 12 between said disc and the upper end of the annular body are selcted so as to satisfy the condition expressed in formula (if).

The centrifugal liquid cleaner functions as follows: The liquid-filled rotor 7 is rotated by a drive (not shown) via a V-belt transmission (not shown). The liquid to be cleaned enters the centrifugal cleaner through the pipe union 3.

The direction of liquid flow is shown by arrows "C". The liquid enters the radial channels of the impeller 15, is rotated by the blades 18 of the impeller 15 to the angular velocity of the rotor 7, and enters the passages 14.

Inasmuch as the centrifugal force acting on a particle of dirt is always directly proportional to its radius, while the width and length of all the passages are the same, it means that increased efficiency of liquid cleaning requires that the time spent by the particles in the passages of the annular body should be inversely proportional to the radius, which is achieved if the liquid velocities are distributed among the passages in accordance with formula (I). In turn, the criterion of formula (I) is ensured by carrying into effect formula (II).

The particles whose density differs from that of the liquid being cleaned are acted upon by the centrifugal force and settle on the surface of the band 12, while the cleaned liquid is discharged to the consumer through the radial channels formed at the upper end of the annular body by the disc 20 and blades 21 of the impeller 16, and thence around a U-passage formed between the rim of the impeller 16 and the casing 22, radially inwards through the head 8, and through the pipe 9 and pipe union 4.

Uniform settling of sediment in the passages 14 has the effect of increasing several times the period of continuous operation between the stops required to enable removal of sediment from the rotor.

The above-described conetrifugal liquid cleaner having a rotor 160 mm in diameter and 200 mm high revolving at 8000 rpm and having a capacity of up to 40llmin ensures the removal from liquids of abrasive and metallic particles exceeding 1 micron in size.

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A centrifugal cleaner for liquid comprising upstanding central piping providing for inlet and outlet flows of liquid therethrough, and a cylindrical rotor surrounding the central piping and including an annular body whereof segmental portions have therethrough radial series of axial passages of arcuate cross-section providing for upward flow of liquid through the body from end to end thereof, top and bottom casing portions at the end of the body, and top and bottom bladed impellers within the casing portions having open sides adjacent to the ends of the body and having side discs which form with the blading segmental channels covering the ends of the segmental portions of the body, the arrangement being such that on rotation of the rotor relatively to the piping the bottom impeller directs inlet liquid from the piping radially outwards towards the bottom ends of the axial passages, the top impeller directs liquid from the top ends of the axial passages radially outwards, and liquid flows upwards through the axial passages at velocities which are progressively greater between the innermost and outermost axial passages.

2. A cleaner according to Claim 1, wherein the rim of the top impeller forms with the top casing portion a U-passage for the return flow of the liquid radially inwards to the central piping for discharge therethrough.

3. A cleaner according to Claim 2, including a disc-shaped suction head on the upper end of the central piping, said head having a peripheral opening to permit entry of the return flow of liquid and a central opening to permit discharge of cleaned liquid into the piping.

4. A cleaner according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the annular body consists of a central bush rotatably mounted on the upright piping, a band extending spirally around the bush, and a plurality of angularly spaced radial rows of spacers extending axially between the coils of the spiral and connected at their ends to the blading of the impellers.

5. A cleaner according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the impeller discs are so arranged that the distance between each disc and the corresponding end of the annular body satisfies the condition: ii =R3 r3 13 r3 -r03 where: 11 = distance between the disc of the top impeller and the corresponding end of the annular body at a given radius r of the annular body; 12 = distance between the disc of the bottom impeller and the corresponding end of the annular body at said given radius r of the annular body; R = maximum radius of the annular body; and rO = minimum radius of the annular body.

6. A centrifugal cleaner for liquid, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. liquid velocities are distributed among the passages in accordance with formula (I). In turn, the criterion of formula (I) is ensured by carrying into effect formula (II). The particles whose density differs from that of the liquid being cleaned are acted upon by the centrifugal force and settle on the surface of the band 12, while the cleaned liquid is discharged to the consumer through the radial channels formed at the upper end of the annular body by the disc 20 and blades 21 of the impeller 16, and thence around a U-passage formed between the rim of the impeller 16 and the casing 22, radially inwards through the head 8, and through the pipe 9 and pipe union 4. Uniform settling of sediment in the passages 14 has the effect of increasing several times the period of continuous operation between the stops required to enable removal of sediment from the rotor. The above-described conetrifugal liquid cleaner having a rotor 160 mm in diameter and 200 mm high revolving at 8000 rpm and having a capacity of up to 40llmin ensures the removal from liquids of abrasive and metallic particles exceeding 1 micron in size. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

1. A centrifugal cleaner for liquid comprising upstanding central piping providing for inlet and outlet flows of liquid therethrough, and a cylindrical rotor surrounding the central piping and including an annular body whereof segmental portions have therethrough radial series of axial passages of arcuate cross-section providing for upward flow of liquid through the body from end to end thereof, top and bottom casing portions at the end of the body, and top and bottom bladed impellers within the casing portions having open sides adjacent to the ends of the body and having side discs which form with the blading segmental channels covering the ends of the segmental portions of the body, the arrangement being such that on rotation of the rotor relatively to the piping the bottom impeller directs inlet liquid from the piping radially outwards towards the bottom ends of the axial passages, the top impeller directs liquid from the top ends of the axial passages radially outwards, and liquid flows upwards through the axial passages at velocities which are progressively greater between the innermost and outermost axial passages.