GB1601509A - Fibreglass mat - Google Patents

Fibreglass mat Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1601509A
GB1601509A GB21586/78A GB2158678A GB1601509A GB 1601509 A GB1601509 A GB 1601509A GB 21586/78 A GB21586/78 A GB 21586/78A GB 2158678 A GB2158678 A GB 2158678A GB 1601509 A GB1601509 A GB 1601509A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
mat
strands
separate layers
oriented
separate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB21586/78A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Consolidated Fiberglass Products Co
Original Assignee
Consolidated Fiberglass Products Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US05/868,725 external-priority patent/US4135029A/en
Application filed by Consolidated Fiberglass Products Co filed Critical Consolidated Fiberglass Products Co
Publication of GB1601509A publication Critical patent/GB1601509A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/081—Combinations of fibres of continuous or substantial length and short fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/04—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a layer being specifically extensible by reason of its structure or arrangement, e.g. by reason of the chemical nature of the fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/08—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/10—Cords, strands or rovings, e.g. oriented cords, strands or rovings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B29K2105/128—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles in the form of a mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
    • B32B2471/04—Mats

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

(54) FIBERGLASS MAT (71) We, CONSOLIDATED FIBERGLASS PRODUCTS COMPANY, a Corporation organised and existing under the laws of the State of California, United States of America, of 3531 Shell Avenue, Bakersfield, State of California, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention constitutes a furthel modification of an earlier invention disclosed by the applicant and is therefore an application for patent of addition relating to British Patent Specification No. 1,577,561.
According to the present invention, there is provided a wet process fiberglass mat comprising a base of substantially uniformly dispersed glass fibers bonded together by a bonding agent; and a plurality of separate and discrete substantially parallel layers of strands embedded in said base and bonded therein and surrounded thereby, there being a volume of mat material formed of glass fibers bonded together by a bonding agent positioned between said separate layers, one of said separate layers of strands comprises sinuously oriented (as defined herein) strands.
Preferably, another of said separate layers of strands comprises randomly oriented strands extending within a single horizontal plane in said mat, none of which randomly oriented strands is in contact with any of the sinuously orientated strands throughout the length of the mat.
Advantageously, a further of said separate layers of strands comprises longitudinally oriented strands, none of which are in contact with any of said randomly oriented strands throughout the length of said mat.
It is preferred that the sinuously oriented strands deviate from straight lines by not less than +1/4 inch and not more than i3/4 inch.
In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view, partly sectioned in different planes, of one embodiment of fiberglass mat according to the present invention; and Figure 2 is a plan view of a layer of sinuously oriented strands in the mat of Figure 1 showing a "fishlining" defect.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, those structural elements which are substantially identical to those in the abovedescribed embodiments have been provided with similar reference numerals so that no further description thereof is necessary. As shown in Figure 1, the straight longitudinal strands previously shown have been replaced by longitudinal strands 31, such as are depicted in Figures 1 and 2. Broadly speaking, the strands 31 are somewhat longer than is necessary to form a straight longitudinal strand. This is accomplished to set up the wavy pattern depicted which, for the sake of convenience, is referred to herein as "sinuously oriented". Those skilled in the art will realise, of course, that the longitudinal strands 31 could be employed without the previously disclosed random strands, with only one of the layers of the random strands, or in a position intermediate the random strands. In any event, the strands 31 are preferably within a single horizontal plane intermediate the upper and lower surfaces of the base 10.
It has been found that the sinuously oriented longitudinal strands are advantageous for several reasons. Essentially straight strands would cover only a very narrow area and any bending of the mat along the line parallel to the straight strands 1 will tend to use one of those strands as a bending line. Consequently, any bending forces in that direction are applied over a very narrow area, resulting in a relatively early failure of the product. For example, the substantially straight parallel strands 1 act as a ripcord at the junction of the main body of a finished shingle and its exposed edge portion. When the shingle is exposed to wind, the wind will bend it back-and-forth about the straight strand until the exposed edge is eventually sealed down to the roof by its self-sealing adhesive. This problem often occurs in products using absolutely parallel yarns and such shingle failure often occurs during Autumn and Winter in northern climates since the adhesive does not have sufficient time to bond in the lower ambient temperatures and high winds.
On the other hand, if bending should occur along a line generally parallel to the longitudinal strands 31, any bend line which might be formed is several hundred times wider than that which would be possible with earlier embodiments of the invention. This eliminates the possibility of a ripcord effect, since there is so much more material to resist the bending and the ripcording.
This alternate embodiment also has additional advantage when "fishlining" occurs as the result of a hang-up in the strand material as it leaves the spool. When an absolutely straight or parallel strand "hangs up", i.e., stops running momentarily for any number of reasons, it will disorient the chopped fibers located above and below it for some substantial length within the mat. This disorientation is not readily apparent and can later cause the mat product to crack or break apart along that line for a number of feet. This failure often does not show up until the mat is within the finished product and is located, for example, on a roof. Obviously, such a failure can be extremely costly since, at least, a large portion of the roofing material will have to be replaced.
On the other hand, when the sinuously oriented strands hang-up or stop running momentarily, any major defect in the mat which might be caused by fishlining, such as is shown at 33 in Figure 2, can be easily detected by the naked eye. As a result, the defective portion of the mat can be cut away to eliminate the possibility of hidden defects getting into a finished product.
Partly as the result of the use of sinuous reinforcing strands, and partly as the result of the distinct separation of the different reinforcing strand configurations into separate planes located between the top and bottom of the mat, products formed in accordance with the present invention have been found to be much stronger than those formed in accordance with British Patent Specification No.
746021. In fact, recent testing of products produced according to these two processes over an extended period of time has disclosed that products formed in accordance with the present invention are far stronger than those formed in accordance with British Patent Specification No. 746021. By way of example, the following table sets forth the results of certain testing conducted upon the two types of mat products. A brief review of that table will indicate to those skilled in the art that mats formed in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention are significantly stronger than those formed in accordance with British Patent Specification No. 746021: British Patent Embodiment of Specification No. 746021 the Invention Mat Mat Product Mat Product Weight 1.85 Ibs. per 1.85 Ibs. per 100fit.2 100 ft.2 Elmendorf Tear Resistance 266 grams 466 grams Tensile Strength: Machine Direction 58 Ibs. per 3" 75+ Ibs. per 3" width section width section Cross Machine 45 Ibs. per 3" 72.4 Ibs. per 3" Direction width section width section Having now reviewed the preceding detailed description, those skilled in the art will be aware of the fact that mats formed in accordance with the present invention may be produced so as to have a variety of configurations, many of which may not even resemble that depicted in the drawings but which, nevertheless, will utilize reinforcing strands in distinct planes and configurations such as have been disclosed here. Those embodiments will, nevertheless, utilize the invention as found in the following claims.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A wet process fiberglass mat comprising: a base of substantially uniform dispersed glass fibers bonded together by a bonding agent; and a plurality of separate and discrete substantially parallel layers of strands embedded in said base and bonded therein and surrounded thereby, there being a volume of mat material formed of glass fibers bonded together by a bonding agent positioned between said separate layers, one of said separate layers of strands comprises sinuously oriented (as defined herein) strands.
2. A mat as claimed in Claim 1, wherein: another of said separate layers of strands comprises randomly oriented strands extending within a single horizontal plane in said mat, none of which randomly oriented strands is in contact with any of the sinuously oriented strands throughout the length of the mat.
3. A mat as claimed in Claim 2, wherein: a further of said separate layers of strands comprises longitudinally oriented strands, none of which are in contact with any of said randomly oriented strands throughout the length of said mat.
4. A mat as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: said sinuously oriented strands deviate from straight lines by not less than +1/4 inch and not more than +3/4 inch.
5. A mat as claimed in preceding claim, wherein: said separate layers of strands are disposed in separate planes substantially parallel to and intermediate top and bottom surface planes of the mat.
6. A mat as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said separate layers are separated from one another by glass fibers and bonding agent.
7. A mat as claimed in any preceding claim having the following average characteristics: Weight per 100 square feet 1.85 pounds Elmendorf Tear Resistance 466 grams Tensile Strength Machine Direction at least 75 pounds per 3 inch width Cross Machine Direction 72.4 pounds per 3 inch width 8. A mat substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (8)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. disclosed here. Those embodiments will, nevertheless, utilize the invention as found in the following claims. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A wet process fiberglass mat comprising: a base of substantially uniform dispersed glass fibers bonded together by a bonding agent; and a plurality of separate and discrete substantially parallel layers of strands embedded in said base and bonded therein and surrounded thereby, there being a volume of mat material formed of glass fibers bonded together by a bonding agent positioned between said separate layers, one of said separate layers of strands comprises sinuously oriented (as defined herein) strands.
2. A mat as claimed in Claim 1, wherein: another of said separate layers of strands comprises randomly oriented strands extending within a single horizontal plane in said mat, none of which randomly oriented strands is in contact with any of the sinuously oriented strands throughout the length of the mat.
3. A mat as claimed in Claim 2, wherein: a further of said separate layers of strands comprises longitudinally oriented strands, none of which are in contact with any of said randomly oriented strands throughout the length of said mat.
4. A mat as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein: said sinuously oriented strands deviate from straight lines by not less than +1/4 inch and not more than +3/4 inch.
5. A mat as claimed in preceding claim, wherein: said separate layers of strands are disposed in separate planes substantially parallel to and intermediate top and bottom surface planes of the mat.
6. A mat as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said separate layers are separated from one another by glass fibers and bonding agent.
7. A mat as claimed in any preceding claim having the following average characteristics: Weight per 100 square feet 1.85 pounds Elmendorf Tear Resistance 466 grams Tensile Strength Machine Direction at least 75 pounds per 3 inch width Cross Machine Direction 72.4 pounds per 3 inch width
8. A mat substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
GB21586/78A 1978-01-11 1978-05-23 Fibreglass mat Expired GB1601509A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/868,725 US4135029A (en) 1976-04-29 1978-01-11 Fiberglass mat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1601509A true GB1601509A (en) 1981-10-28

Family

ID=25352213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB21586/78A Expired GB1601509A (en) 1978-01-11 1978-05-23 Fibreglass mat

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5497689A (en)
BE (1) BE867804R (en)
DE (1) DE2822909A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1601509A (en)
NL (1) NL7806215A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2177048A (en) * 1985-06-01 1987-01-14 Saint Gobain Isover Mineral fibre insulating laminates

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2177048A (en) * 1985-06-01 1987-01-14 Saint Gobain Isover Mineral fibre insulating laminates
GB2177048B (en) * 1985-06-01 1990-01-24 Saint Gobain Isover Mineral fibre product for use as an insulating panel or insulating strip

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE867804R (en) 1978-12-05
JPS5497689A (en) 1979-08-01
DE2822909A1 (en) 1979-07-19
NL7806215A (en) 1979-07-13

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee