GB1601226A - Method and compositions for combating insects and birds - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR COMBATING INSECTS AND BIRDS (71) We FisoNs LIMITED, a British Company, of Fison House, 9 Grosvenor Street, London WIX OAH, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: Bendiocarb, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3benzodioxol-4-yl N-methylcarbamate, is a known insecticide. Surprising new methods and materials employing it have now been discovered.

Accordingly, the invention provides a method of combating insects and birds at a locus infested or liable to be infested with them, which method comprises applying to the locus an effective amount of (A) bendiocarb; and (B) bird repellant.

In addition, the invention provides an insecticidal and bird repellant composition comprising (A) and (B).

The invention provides also seed dressed with (A) and (B).

The invention also provides a method of increasing the yield of a crop, which method comprises growing crop seed dressed with (A) and (B).

The present combination of (A) and (B) is remarkably effective.

'The term 'insect' is used herein in the sense given in Webster's New International Dictionary, 2nd edition (1958) as meaning 'any of numerous small invertebrate animals generally having the body more or less obviously segmented. They belong to the class Insects comprising six-legged, usually winged forms, as beetles, bugs, bees, flies, etc., and to other allied classes of arthropods whose members are wingless and usually have more than six legs, as spiders, mites, ticks, centipedes, wood lice, etc.' Thus, the term is used herein to include millipedes and Symphyla.

The proportions of (A) to (B) are gener ally fron 1:100 to 100:1 by weight. Usually, however, the proportions of (A) to (B) are from 1:10 to 20:1, especially from 1:2 to 10:1. Proportions and percentages in this specification are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

(B) is preferably anthraquinone or methiocarb(3,5 - dimethyl - 4 - (methylthio)phenyl methylcarbamate).

The essential components (A) and (B) can be applied together in a composition comprising (A) and (B). The compositions can be prepared by admixing the ingredients. The compositions may initially be produced in the form of concentrates, e.g.

containing 0.5-95% in toto ot the essential components (A) and (B), and these may be diluted with water or a hydrocarbon, usually water, at the point of use for application by spraying, generally such that the concentration in toto of (A) and (B) is 0.02-50%, preferably 5-40. Alternatively, the compositions are produced directly for application, e.g. in the form of a powder.

Thus, overall the present compositions may contain for example 0.02-95% in toto of (A) and (B).

The compositions normally contain a carrier and/or a surface active agent.

The carrier may be a liquid, e.g. water (e.g. water used to dilute a concentrate for application). An organic solvent may be present with the water though this is not usually employed.

The carrier may be a liquid other than water, for example an organic solvent, e.g. a water-immiscible solvent, for instance a hydrocarbon which boils within the range 130-270 C, in which the essential components are dissolved or suspended. A concentrate containing an organic solvent may con tain a surface active agent so that the concentrate acts as a self-emulsifiable concentrate on admixture with water.

The carrier may be a solid, which may be finely divided. Examples of suitable solids are limestone, clays, woodmeal, sand, mica, chalk, attapulgite, diatomite, perlite, sepiol ite, silicas, silicates, lignosulphonates and solid fertilizers. The carrier can be of natural or synthetic origin or can be a modified natural material.

Wettable powders soluble or dispersible in water may be formed by admixing the essential components with or without a carrier with a surface active agent. Alterna lively, the essential components may be admixed with a solid carrier to form a dust, powder or granular product.

The term 'surface active agent' is used in the broad sense to include materials variously called emulsifying agents, dispersing agents and wetting agents. Such agents are well known in the insecticide and acaricide art.

The surface active agents used may comprise anionic surface active agents, for example soaps, fatty sulphate esters such as dodecyl sodium sulphate, octadecyl sodium sulphate and cetyl sodium sulphate, fatty aromatic sulphonates such as alkyl-benzene sulphonates or butyl-naphthalene sulphonates, more complex fatty sulphonates such as the amide condensation product of oleic acid and N-methyl taurine or the sodium sulphonate of dioctyl succinate.

The surface active agents may also comprise non-ionic agents, for example condensation products of fatty acids, fatty alcohols or fatty substituted phenols with ethylene oxide, or fatty esters and ethers of sugars or polyhydric alcohols, or the products obtained from the latter by condensation with ethylene oxide, or the products known as block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

The surface active agents may also comprise cationic agents, for example cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.

Preferred surface active agents include fatty alkyl sulphates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, fatty alkyl ethoxylates, sulphated fatty alkyl ethoxylates, dialkyl sulphosuccinate esters, the amide condensation product of oleic acid and N-methyl taurine, lignin sulphonate salts, sulphonated naphthaleneformaldehyde condensates and sulphonated urea-formaldehyde condensates.

Instead of applying (A) and (B) together in a composition such as is discussed above, they can be applied separately in sequence in analogous compositions containing just (A) or (B), but preferably a mixture of (A) and (B) is applied.

(A) and (B) may be mixed immediately before use. Desirably, however, they would alreadv have been mixed.

The invention provides a one pack presentation, in which (A) and (B) are already mixed, and also a single package designed to hold and holding (A) and (B), e.g. in the form of compositions such as are discussed above, in separate containers, for mixing of (A) and (B) for application.

A further pesticide can be used in sequence or admixture with component (A) or (B). For instance, (A) and (B) can be applied separatelv and a further pesticide applied with (A). Alternatively, a composi tion comprising a mixture of (A), (B) and the further pesticide can be applied. In a preferred embodiment (A) is the sole pesticide apart from a possible fungicide. Preferably a fungicide is employed. The fungicide is especialry captain (3a,4 7,7a - tetrahydro 2 - [(trichloromethyl)thioJ -1H- isoindole - 1,3 - (2H) - dione), thlram (tetramethyl- thiuram disulDhide), N - [2.2,2 - trichloro - 1 (2 - chloroacetamido)ethylJbenzamide, or S etnyi rN - (j - dimetnylaminopropyl)tniocar- bamate or salts thereof e.g. the hydroch loride, especially captan or thiram. Usually, the proportions of (A) to further pesticide are from 300:1 to 1:100, e.g. from 10:1 to 1:10.

Fertilizers can be employed with the present essential components.

Plants, the soil, land or aquatic areas can be treated by the present method. Preferably seeds are treated, and accordingly the composition is preferably a seed dressing composition.

The seed is generally dressed with from 0.1 to 50g, preferably not more than 30g, and more preferably from 0.25 to 25g, of (A) per kg of seed. In a particular embodiment, the seed is dressed with from 0.1 to 28g, e.g. not more than 18g, for instance from 0.25 to 10g of (A) per kg of seed.

By the term 'dressed' as used herein is meant that the seed is in intimate admixture or coated with (A) and (B). The seed can be dressed for instance by dusting with a dry seed dressing composition or by a conventional spray-coating technique in which the seed dressing material is dissolved or dispersed in a liquid which is sprayed over the seed and allowed to evaporate, or by a conventional pelletising process in which the seed dressing material is mixed with a solid carrier, e.g. a clay or woodmeal, and the seed is coated with the mixture. Naturally, the technique chosen will to some extent depend upon the seed to be dressed. Seeds which may be dressed in accordance with the invention include, merely as examples, vegetables, notably brassicas, onions and beans (for example soya beans), cereals, notably wheat, barley, oats and maize, and root crops, especially sugar beet. The dressing treatment applied to each will normally depend upon conventional treatment for such seed. Thus, sugar beet seed. which is often pelleted, will normallly be dressed in accordance with the invention by pelletisation. Cereals, however, which are not normally pelleted, will preferably be dressed in accordance with the invention by, for example, dusting or, preferably, spray coating.

Preferably the seed is wheat, barley, oats and especially maize. Desirably (B) is in the outermost part of the dressed seed. Preferably, the seed dressing composition is a solid seed dressing composition which is then admixed with water for application to the seed.

a preferred embodiment is a seed dressing composittion comprising bendiocarb, captan and anthraquinone.

Another preferred embodiment is a seed dressing composition comprising bendiocarb, thirm and methiocarb.

The invention enables a locus to be protected from the detrimental action of insects and birds. In addition, by repelling the birds they can be saved from consuming the insecticide bendiocarb.

The dressed seed of the invention shows surprisingly high seedling emergence and establishment in the presence of insect and bird pests, and it appears moreover that (A) may surprisingly be absorbed systemically by the seedling to provide post-emergent resistance to insect attack. Thus, a surprisingly high yield is obtained from the seed.

The seed dressed in accordance with the invention may be planted so as to give a concentration of (A) per hectare of, for instance, from 0.2g to 400g in a locus either infested with or liable to infestation by insects and birds. The concentration of (A) per hectare naturally depends largely on the rate of planting of the seeds, this varies with the chosen crop. Thus, for example, a preferred concentration of (A) when sugar beet is the chosen seed is from 1-15g per hectare, whereas if a cereal crop such as wheat is employed, the preferred rate may well be 200g/hectare or more.

The present methods, compositions and dressed seeds are effective against a wide range of insects and birds. The birds may be for instance rooks, crows, pigeons, gulls, pheasants, or partridges. The insects include coleopetera and diptera, for example wireworms (Agriores ssp), pygmy beetle (Atomaria), collembola and millipedes, symphilids, flea beetles (Chaetocnema spp) and Frit fly (Oscinella frit).

Example 1 83.3% of the 80% bendiocarb wettable powder available as Garvox 80W (Fisons) was admixed with 6.7% anthraquinone and 2% of a blue dye (Hostaperm Blue A2R) (Hostaperm is a Trade Mark) and 8% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 10 parts of bendiocarb per part of anthraquinone. The composition contained 67% bendiocarb.

Example 2 83.3% of Garvox 80W was admixed with 13.3% anthraquinone, 2% Hostaperm Blue A2R and 1.4% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 5 parts of bendiocarb per part of anthraquinone. The composition contained 67% bendiocarb.

Example 3 31.75% of Garvox 80W was admixed with 62.5 /, Mesurol 50WP (a wettable powder containing 50% methiocarb, available from Bayer), 2% Hostaperm Blue A2R and 4.25% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 0.8 parts of bendiocarb per part of methiocarb. The composition contained 25% bendiocarb.

Example 4 41.6% Garvox 80W was admixed with 41.6% Mesurol 50WP, 2%-Hostaperm Blue A2R and 14.8% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 1.6 parts bendiocarb per part of methiocarb.

The composition contained 33.3% bendiocarb.

Example 5 A slurry was prepared containing 6g of the product of Example 1 in 24 ml of a 0.5% weight/volume aqueous solution of Courlose S40G- ("Courlose is a Trade Mark) (british Lebanese, sodium carboxymethylcellulose). The slurry was spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g bendiocarb per kg.

Example 6 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 6g of the product of Example 2 was formed into a slurry in 24 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g bendiocarb per kg.

Example 7 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 8g of the product of Example 3 were formed into a slurry in 24 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 2g bendiocarb per kg.

Example 8 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 12g of the product of Example 3 were formed into a slurry in 30 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 3g bendiocarb per kg.

Example 9 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 16g of the product of Example 3 were formed into a slurry in 32 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g bendiocarb per kg.

Example 10 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 12g of the product of Example 4 were formed into a slurry with 30 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g of bendiocarb per kg.

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A method of combating insects (as herein defined) and birds at a locus infested or liable to be infested with them, which method comprises applying to the locus an effective amount of (A) bendiocarb; and

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (19)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. admixed with water for application to the seed. a preferred embodiment is a seed dressing composittion comprising bendiocarb, captan and anthraquinone. Another preferred embodiment is a seed dressing composition comprising bendiocarb, thirm and methiocarb. The invention enables a locus to be protected from the detrimental action of insects and birds. In addition, by repelling the birds they can be saved from consuming the insecticide bendiocarb. The dressed seed of the invention shows surprisingly high seedling emergence and establishment in the presence of insect and bird pests, and it appears moreover that (A) may surprisingly be absorbed systemically by the seedling to provide post-emergent resistance to insect attack. Thus, a surprisingly high yield is obtained from the seed. The seed dressed in accordance with the invention may be planted so as to give a concentration of (A) per hectare of, for instance, from 0.2g to 400g in a locus either infested with or liable to infestation by insects and birds. The concentration of (A) per hectare naturally depends largely on the rate of planting of the seeds, this varies with the chosen crop. Thus, for example, a preferred concentration of (A) when sugar beet is the chosen seed is from 1-15g per hectare, whereas if a cereal crop such as wheat is employed, the preferred rate may well be 200g/hectare or more. The present methods, compositions and dressed seeds are effective against a wide range of insects and birds. The birds may be for instance rooks, crows, pigeons, gulls, pheasants, or partridges. The insects include coleopetera and diptera, for example wireworms (Agriores ssp), pygmy beetle (Atomaria), collembola and millipedes, symphilids, flea beetles (Chaetocnema spp) and Frit fly (Oscinella frit). Example 1 83.3% of the 80% bendiocarb wettable powder available as Garvox 80W (Fisons) was admixed with 6.7% anthraquinone and 2% of a blue dye (Hostaperm Blue A2R) (Hostaperm is a Trade Mark) and 8% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 10 parts of bendiocarb per part of anthraquinone. The composition contained 67% bendiocarb. Example 2 83.3% of Garvox 80W was admixed with 13.3% anthraquinone, 2% Hostaperm Blue A2R and 1.4% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 5 parts of bendiocarb per part of anthraquinone. The composition contained 67% bendiocarb. Example 3 31.75% of Garvox 80W was admixed with 62.5 /, Mesurol 50WP (a wettable powder containing 50% methiocarb, available from Bayer), 2% Hostaperm Blue A2R and 4.25% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 0.8 parts of bendiocarb per part of methiocarb. The composition contained 25% bendiocarb. Example 4 41.6% Garvox 80W was admixed with 41.6% Mesurol 50WP, 2%-Hostaperm Blue A2R and 14.8% China clay to produce a seed dressing composition containing 1.6 parts bendiocarb per part of methiocarb. The composition contained 33.3% bendiocarb. Example 5 A slurry was prepared containing 6g of the product of Example 1 in 24 ml of a 0.5% weight/volume aqueous solution of Courlose S40G- ("Courlose is a Trade Mark) (british Lebanese, sodium carboxymethylcellulose). The slurry was spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g bendiocarb per kg. Example 6 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 6g of the product of Example 2 was formed into a slurry in 24 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g bendiocarb per kg. Example 7 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 8g of the product of Example 3 were formed into a slurry in 24 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 2g bendiocarb per kg. Example 8 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 12g of the product of Example 3 were formed into a slurry in 30 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 3g bendiocarb per kg. Example 9 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 16g of the product of Example 3 were formed into a slurry in 32 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g bendiocarb per kg. Example 10 In a similar way to that of Example 5, 12g of the product of Example 4 were formed into a slurry with 30 ml of the Courlose sticker solution, and the slurry spray coated onto 1 kg of maize seed to produce seed dressed with 4g of bendiocarb per kg. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

1. A method of combating insects (as herein defined) and birds at a locus infested or liable to be infested with them, which method comprises applying to the locus an effective amount of (A) bendiocarb; and

(B) bird repellant.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the weight proportions of (A) to (B) are from 1:10 to 20:1.

3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein (B) is anthraquinone or methiocarb.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein captan or thiram is also applied.

5. A method of combating insects (as herein defined) and birds performed substantially as described herein.

6. An insecticidal (as herein defined) and bird repellant composition comprising (A) bendiocarb; and (B) bird repellant.

7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein the weight proportions of (A) to (B) are from 1:10 to 20: 1.

8. A composition according to claim 6 or 7 wherein (B) is anthraquinone or methiocarb.

9. A seed dressing composition comprising bendiocarb, captan and anthraquinone.

10. A seed dressing composition comprising bendiocarb, thiram and methiocarb.

11. A composition according to claim 6 substantially as described herein.

12. seed dressed with (A) bendiocarb; and (B) bird repellant.

13. Seed according to claim 12 wherein the weight proportions of (A) to (B) are from 1:10to20:1.

14. Seed according to claim 12 or 13 wherein (B) is anthraquinone of methiocarb.

15. Seed dressed with the composition claimed in claim 9 or 10.

16. Dressed seed substantially as described herein.

17. A method of increasing the yield of a crop, which method comprises growing crop seed dressed with (A) bendiocarb; and (B) bird repellant.

18. A method of increasing the yield of a crop performed substantially as described herein.

19. A single package designed to hold and holding (A) bendiocarb; and (B) bird repellant in separate containers for mixing of (A) and (B) to form a composition claimed in any one of claims 6-11.

Reference has been directed in pursuance of section 9, subsection (1) of the Patents Act 1949, to patent No. 1 519 596.