GB1600860A - Seal for headed pin fastener member - Google Patents

Seal for headed pin fastener member Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1600860A
GB1600860A GB5183377A GB5183377A GB1600860A GB 1600860 A GB1600860 A GB 1600860A GB 5183377 A GB5183377 A GB 5183377A GB 5183377 A GB5183377 A GB 5183377A GB 1600860 A GB1600860 A GB 1600860A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
seal
pin
annular part
head
modified
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB5183377A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Avdel UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Avdel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avdel Ltd filed Critical Avdel Ltd
Priority to GB5183377A priority Critical patent/GB1600860A/en
Priority to DE19782853172 priority patent/DE2853172A1/en
Priority to FR7834784A priority patent/FR2412012B1/en
Priority to US05/968,736 priority patent/US4236438A/en
Priority to JP15324478A priority patent/JPS5490440A/en
Publication of GB1600860A publication Critical patent/GB1600860A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/021—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing
    • F16J15/022—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material
    • F16J15/024—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material the packing being locally weakened in order to increase elasticity
    • F16J15/025—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material the packing being locally weakened in order to increase elasticity and with at least one flexible lip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/05—Bolts fastening by swaged-on collars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Description

(54) SEAL FOR HEADED PIN FASTENER MEMBER (71) We, AVDEL LIMITED, a British Company of Mundells, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, England, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to a seal for sealing between the head end of a headed pin fastener member and an apertured workpiece in which the pin is to be installed. Such headed pin fastener members are of the type which in use the pin is tensioned to pull the head against the workpiece. For example, the pin may be tensioned by a collar which is swaged into grooves in the pin while the latter is under tension, such a fastening device being commonly known as a lockbolt.
In a further example, the pin may be tensioned by a headed sleeve carrying a resilient insert into which barbs on the pin engage. The latter fastener is sometimes referred to as a 'container bolt' since it is used for securing plywood panels to metal frames in the construction of freight containers.
Alternatively the headed pin could be tensioned by engagement directly between the pin and the workpiece, e.g. by barbs on the pin.
Whatever the particular form of headed pin fastener member one problem which arises in practice is that the user of the fastener member drills the hole. into which the member is to be installed, rapidly and carelessly, so that the hole may be oversized or miss-shapen. However, the user also requires that when the fastener member is installed there is a seal between the head end of the pin and the workpiece, to prevent the entry of, for example, dirt or rainwater into the joint. Various designs of seal in such circumstances have been used, but have not provided satisfactory in practice.
The invention provides a flexible seal for sealing between the head end of a headed pin fastener member and an apertures workpiece in which the pin is to be installed, which seal comprises: an inner annular part for fitting around the pin adjacent the head; an outer annular part for sealing between the pin head and the workpiece around the aperture, an intermediate annular part, thinner than either of the inner and outer parts and connecting them together, and being severable to allow the inner part to enter the aperture to seal between the aperture and pin while the outer part forms a seal between the pin head and workpiece around the aperture.
Preferably the radially outermost portion of the inner annular part is more easily deformable than the portion radially inwardly thereof, whereby to assist in providing a seal between the pin and the wall of the aperture into which it is installed. Thus the radially outermost portion of the inner annular part may be reduced in thickness, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention the said radially outermost portion tapers. Preferably the seal is symmetrical about a central plane so that the seal may be assembled on to the pin either way around.
In one embodiment of the invention, the outer annular part has a radial extent similar to its axial thickness, and in particular may be of circular cross-section. Such a seal may be of polypropylene material.
In another embodiment of the invention, the outer annular part has a radial extent about four or five times as great as its axial thickness. Such a seal may be of polyester elastomer material.
The invention includes the combination of a headed pin fastener member and a seal therefore as aforesaid.
Two specific embodiments of the invention, in the form of a headed pin fastener member incorporating a seal, and a modifi cation of the seal, will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a container bolt with a seal adjacent the head of the pin, Figure 2 shows the container bolt after installation, Figure 3 is an axial section through the seal, Figure 4, 5, and 6 show the head end of the pin and its seal at successive stages during the installation of the pin, and Figure 7 is an axial section through a modified seal.
The container bolt of these examples comprises a steel pin 11 and a sleeve 12. The pin comprises a shank 13 and an enlarged head 14. Adjacent the head 14 the shank carries a seal 15 which will be described in detail later. Figure 2 shows the fastener installed to secure a plywood panel 16 to a metal frame 17. An aperture 18 is drilled through the panel and frame, of such a diameter that it will accept the pin. The pin in inserted into the aperture from the side of the frame 17 until the seal 15 abuts the frame, and is then hammered in. The sleeve 12 is placed over the projecting tail end of the pin and by use of a suitable tool, not shown, the sleeve is pushed against the panel 16 and the pin is tensioned, pulling the seal 15 into the aperture in the frame.Annular barbs 19 on the pin engage in a nylon insert 21 in the sleeve to lock the pin to the sleeve, and the projecting end portion of the tail is broken off.
Figures 3 to 6 show in more detail the construction of the head end part of the pin and of the seal, and the way in which the seal is deformed when the pin is installed.
The shank 13 of the pin comprises an elongated stem 22 formed integrally with the enlarged head 14, and, adjacent the head 14, but separated therefrom by a space which receives the seal 15, a cylindrical sleeve 23.
The sleeve 23 is secured to the stem by being an interference fit on a knurled portion 20 of the stem adjacent the head. The separate sleeve 23 is used to enable the seal 15 to be inserted into the space between the sleeve 23 and the pin head 14, by fitting first the seal 15 and then the sleeve 23 over the tail end of the stem 22 and then pushing the sleeve towards the head 14.
The seal 15 is a unitary moulding of polypropylene which is deformable and resilient and is generally annular in form-that is to say, it has circular symmetry about an axis A-A (Figure 3). It comprises an inner annular part 24, and outer annular part 25, and an intermediate annular part 26 connecting the inner and outer parts. The inner annular part 24 is for fitting closely around the pin stem 22 between the sleeve 23 and the head 14 and has a cylindrical radially inner face 27 of such a radius as to be an interference fit on the knurled portion 20 of the stem. It has flat end faces and is approximately square in cross-section, but its radially outermost portion 28 tapers in crosssection, having two frusto-conical faces, 29, 29.
At the apex of the taper, the portion 28 joins integrally to the inner radius of the intermediate part 26 which is in the form of a thin annular web, of radial extent approximately equal to that of the inner part 24. At its outer circumference the intermediate part 26 joins integrally to the outer part 25, which is an annular bead of circular cross-section and of diameter about two or three times the thickness of the web 26. It will be seen that the seal 15, as well as having circular symmetry about the axis A-A, has bilateral symmetry about the central or median plane B-B perpendicular to the axis A-A. This allows the seal to be assembled either way round on the pin 22 and still produce the same final arrangement.
Figure 4 shows the seal 15 assembled on the pin 22. As previously mentioned, the inner part 24 is an interference fit on the part 20 of the pin 22. The part 24 is sandwiched between one end of the sleeve 23 and the underside or reverse face 31 of the pin head 14. The dimensions of the seal 15 are so chosen in relation to the dimensions of the pin that the external diameter of the sleeve 23 is intermediate to the inner and outer diameters of the frusto-conical face 29, in other words, the external diameter of the sleeve comes part of the way up the taper of the portion 28.Also, the outer part 26 is positioned approximately half way between the outer periphery of sleeve 23 and the outer periphery of the head 14, that is, radially inside the head but outside the diameter of the largest oversize or miss-shapen hole through the panel 17 which might resonably be expected to be made by a drill intended to bore a hole of nominal diameter to clear the maximum diameter of the stem over the sleeve 23.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate the action of the seal 15 when the pin is installed in a hole 32 which is sufficiently oversize to leave an annular gap 33 between the wall of the hole and the exterior of the sleeve 23.
As previously mentioned, the pin is inserted into the hole 32 until the seal 15 abuts the frame 17, more specifically, until the end of the hole wall abuts the nearer frustoconical face 29 of the tapered portion 28.
This is the position shown in Figure 4.
The pin is now forced further into the hole by the application of hammer blows to the head 14. This causes the seal 15 to deform as it enters the hole 32. The radially outer part of the tapered portion 28 is squashed inwards and back towards the pin head 14. If the gap 3 is large enough, the radially innermost part of the annular connecting web 26 may enter the gap. However, as illustrated in Figure 5, the web is sheared off around its inner periphery from the inner part 24 of the seal, and remains outside the face of the frame 17.
The face 31 of the head 14 approaches the face of frame until the bead 25 prevents further movement. The deformed inner part 24 of the seal wedges the pin into the hole 32 sufficiently securely to keep the pin in position when the pulling tool (not shown) is applied to the tail end of the pin, after the locking sleeve 12 has been applied to it, to tension the pin and lock it into the sleeve.
This tension applied to the bead 26 a much greater force than the hammer blows on the pin head, and thus compresses and distorts the bead 25 until it is substantially the same thickness as the web 26. This is the position shown in Figure 6.
Although the deformed bead 25 exerts a substantial force to try to move the pin head 14 away from the frame 17, the engagement of the barbs 19 on the stem within the insert 21 in the locking sleeve 12 overcomes this force and prevents any reverse movement of the pin. Thus a tight and effective seal is achieved and maintained between the head 14 of the pin and the frame 17.
There will now be described by way of further example a modified form of the seal just described, for use with the same headed pin fastener member just described. This modified seal will be described with reference to Figure 7 of the drawings, which is an axial section through the seal, and corresponds to Figure 3 of the drawings. Other parts of the fastener described in the previous example will also be referred to, and reference should accordingly be made to the appropriate Figures of the drawings.
The modified seal of this example is similar to that described in the foregoing example and particularly illustrated in Figure 3.
The modification consists in that the crosssection of the outer annular part is now rectangular with radiused corners, instead of circular.
The seal 115 is a unitary moulding of a polyester elastomer commercially available under the designation HYTREL (RTM) 5556. The seal is deformable and resilient and is generally annular in form-that is to say, it has circular symmetry about an axis A-A and has a central aperture. It comprises an inner annular part 124, an outer annular part 125, and an intermediate annular part 126 connecting the inner and outer parts.
The inner annular part 124 is for fitting closely around the pin stem 22 between the sleeve 23 and the head 14 and has a cylindrical radially inner face 127 of such a radius as to be an interference fit on the knurled portion 20 of the stem. It has flat end faces and is approximately square in crosssection, but its radially outermost portion 128 tapers in cross-section, having two frustoconical faces, 129, 129.
At the apex of the taper, the portion 128 joins integrally to the inner radius of the intermediate part 126 which is in the form of a tin annular web, of radial extent approximately equal to its thickness. At its outer circumference the intermediate part 126 joins integrally to the outer part 125, which is an annular bead of a cross-section which is generally rectangular. It has 9 radial extent which is about four of five times its thickness, which thickness is about twice the thickness of the web 126. The inner and outer corners of the rectangular cross-section are radiused, as illustrated in Figure 7. It will be seen that the seal 115, as well as having circular symmetry about the axis A-A, has bilateral symmetry about the central or median plane B-B perpendicular to the axis A-A.This allows the seal to be assembled either way round on the pin 22 and still produce the same final arrangement.
Comparing the first example seal illustrated in Figure 3 and the modified seal illustrated in Figure 7, it will be seen that the overall diameter of the modified seal is somewhat larger. However the major difference in function of the modified seal is that the increased amount of material in the enlarged outer part 126 provides a better and more efficient seal when the fastener is fully installed. The polyester elastomer material of the modified seal of Figure 7 is more resilient (i.e. softer) than the polypropylene material of the seal of Figure 3. The relatively large size of the seal of Figure 7 is such that, in use, it is not deformed beyond its elastic limit.
Apart from the modified shape and different material of the seal, the construction and function of the fastener incorporating it remains unchanged. Accordingly the rele vaqt parts of Figures 1 to 6 and the description corresponding thereto are to be understood as applying to the fastener incorporating the modified seal herein described with reference to Figure 7.
The invention is not reduced to the details of the foregoing examples.
For instance, in use of the fasteners, the web 26 or 126 may be severed incompletely, or not at all, depending on the precise conditions in the particular installed fastener.
The seal may have other configurations, and be made from other materials, than those described in the foregoing examples.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A flexible seal for sealing between the head end of a headed pin fastener member and an apertured workpiece in which the pin is to be installed, which seal comprises:
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (13)

  1. **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.
    3 is large enough, the radially innermost part of the annular connecting web 26 may enter the gap. However, as illustrated in Figure 5, the web is sheared off around its inner periphery from the inner part 24 of the seal, and remains outside the face of the frame 17.
    The face 31 of the head 14 approaches the face of frame until the bead 25 prevents further movement. The deformed inner part 24 of the seal wedges the pin into the hole 32 sufficiently securely to keep the pin in position when the pulling tool (not shown) is applied to the tail end of the pin, after the locking sleeve 12 has been applied to it, to tension the pin and lock it into the sleeve.
    This tension applied to the bead 26 a much greater force than the hammer blows on the pin head, and thus compresses and distorts the bead 25 until it is substantially the same thickness as the web 26. This is the position shown in Figure 6.
    Although the deformed bead 25 exerts a substantial force to try to move the pin head 14 away from the frame 17, the engagement of the barbs 19 on the stem within the insert 21 in the locking sleeve 12 overcomes this force and prevents any reverse movement of the pin. Thus a tight and effective seal is achieved and maintained between the head 14 of the pin and the frame 17.
    There will now be described by way of further example a modified form of the seal just described, for use with the same headed pin fastener member just described. This modified seal will be described with reference to Figure 7 of the drawings, which is an axial section through the seal, and corresponds to Figure 3 of the drawings. Other parts of the fastener described in the previous example will also be referred to, and reference should accordingly be made to the appropriate Figures of the drawings.
    The modified seal of this example is similar to that described in the foregoing example and particularly illustrated in Figure 3.
    The modification consists in that the crosssection of the outer annular part is now rectangular with radiused corners, instead of circular.
    The seal 115 is a unitary moulding of a polyester elastomer commercially available under the designation HYTREL (RTM) 5556. The seal is deformable and resilient and is generally annular in form-that is to say, it has circular symmetry about an axis A-A and has a central aperture. It comprises an inner annular part 124, an outer annular part 125, and an intermediate annular part
    126 connecting the inner and outer parts.
    The inner annular part 124 is for fitting closely around the pin stem 22 between the sleeve 23 and the head 14 and has a cylindrical radially inner face 127 of such a radius as to be an interference fit on the knurled portion 20 of the stem. It has flat end faces and is approximately square in crosssection, but its radially outermost portion 128 tapers in cross-section, having two frustoconical faces, 129, 129.
    At the apex of the taper, the portion 128 joins integrally to the inner radius of the intermediate part 126 which is in the form of a tin annular web, of radial extent approximately equal to its thickness. At its outer circumference the intermediate part 126 joins integrally to the outer part 125, which is an annular bead of a cross-section which is generally rectangular. It has 9 radial extent which is about four of five times its thickness, which thickness is about twice the thickness of the web 126. The inner and outer corners of the rectangular cross-section are radiused, as illustrated in Figure 7. It will be seen that the seal 115, as well as having circular symmetry about the axis A-A, has bilateral symmetry about the central or median plane B-B perpendicular to the axis A-A.This allows the seal to be assembled either way round on the pin 22 and still produce the same final arrangement.
    Comparing the first example seal illustrated in Figure 3 and the modified seal illustrated in Figure 7, it will be seen that the overall diameter of the modified seal is somewhat larger. However the major difference in function of the modified seal is that the increased amount of material in the enlarged outer part 126 provides a better and more efficient seal when the fastener is fully installed. The polyester elastomer material of the modified seal of Figure 7 is more resilient (i.e. softer) than the polypropylene material of the seal of Figure 3. The relatively large size of the seal of Figure 7 is such that, in use, it is not deformed beyond its elastic limit.
    Apart from the modified shape and different material of the seal, the construction and function of the fastener incorporating it remains unchanged. Accordingly the rele vaqt parts of Figures 1 to 6 and the description corresponding thereto are to be understood as applying to the fastener incorporating the modified seal herein described with reference to Figure 7.
    The invention is not reduced to the details of the foregoing examples.
    For instance, in use of the fasteners, the web 26 or 126 may be severed incompletely, or not at all, depending on the precise conditions in the particular installed fastener.
    The seal may have other configurations, and be made from other materials, than those described in the foregoing examples.
    WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A flexible seal for sealing between the head end of a headed pin fastener member and an apertured workpiece in which the pin is to be installed, which seal comprises:
    an inner annular part for fitting around the pin adjacent the head, an outer annular part for sealing between the pin head and the workpiece around the aperture, an intermediate annular part, thinner than either of the inner and outer parts and connecting them together and being severable to allow the inner part to enter the aperture to seal between the aperture and pin while the outer part forms a seal between the pin head end workpiece around the aperture.
  2. 2. A seal as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the radially outermost portion of the inner annular part is more easily deformable than the portion radially inwardly thereof, whereby to assist in providing a seal between the pin and the wall of the aperture into which it is installed.
  3. 3. A seal as claimed in claim 2, in which at least the radially outermost portion of the inner annular part is reduced in thickness.
  4. 4. A seal as claimed in claim 3, in which the said radially outermost portion tapers.
  5. 5. A seal as claimed in any one of the preceding claims which is symmetrical about a central plane so that the seal may be assembled on to the pin either way around.
  6. 6. A seal as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the outer annular part has a radial extent similar to its axial thickness.
  7. 7. A seal as claimed in claim 6, in which the outer annular part is of circular crosssection.
  8. 8. A seal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the outer annular part has a radial extent about four or five times as great as its axial thickness.
  9. 9. A seal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which seal is of polypropylene material.
  10. 10. A seal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 and 8, which seal is of a polyester elastomer material.
  11. 11. A seal, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and illustrated in, Figure 3 or Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
  12. 12. The combination of a headed pin fastening member and a seal therefor as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
  13. 13. The combination of a headed pin fastening member with a seal therefor substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and illustrated in, Figures 3 to 6 of the accompanying drawings, with or without the modification substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and illustrated in, Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
    14: The combination of a headed pin fastening member with a seal therefor substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings, with or without modification substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and illustrated in, Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
GB5183377A 1977-12-13 1977-12-13 Seal for headed pin fastener member Expired GB1600860A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5183377A GB1600860A (en) 1977-12-13 1977-12-13 Seal for headed pin fastener member
DE19782853172 DE2853172A1 (en) 1977-12-13 1978-12-08 ELASTIC SEAL
FR7834784A FR2412012B1 (en) 1977-12-13 1978-12-11 GASKET FOR FIXING PART BY HEAD PIN
US05/968,736 US4236438A (en) 1977-12-13 1978-12-12 Seal for headed pin fastener member
JP15324478A JPS5490440A (en) 1977-12-13 1978-12-13 Seal for headed pin bonding member

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5183377A GB1600860A (en) 1977-12-13 1977-12-13 Seal for headed pin fastener member

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1600860A true GB1600860A (en) 1981-10-21

Family

ID=10461548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB5183377A Expired GB1600860A (en) 1977-12-13 1977-12-13 Seal for headed pin fastener member

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1600860A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29604534U1 (en) * 1996-03-13 1996-07-18 BTS GmbH & Co. KG, 45731 Waltrop Drive-in dowels
WO2011131956A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Avdel Uk Limited Fastener

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29604534U1 (en) * 1996-03-13 1996-07-18 BTS GmbH & Co. KG, 45731 Waltrop Drive-in dowels
WO2011131956A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Avdel Uk Limited Fastener
KR20130079324A (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-07-10 아브델 유케이 리미티드 Fastener
US9234538B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2016-01-12 Avdel Uk Limited Fastener
KR101882320B1 (en) 2010-04-23 2018-07-26 아브델 유케이 리미티드 Fastener

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PS Patent sealed
PE20 Patent expired after termination of 20 years

Effective date: 19980517