GB1595591A - Pressurised liquid medium systems - Google Patents
Pressurised liquid medium systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1595591A GB1595591A GB1056577A GB1056577A GB1595591A GB 1595591 A GB1595591 A GB 1595591A GB 1056577 A GB1056577 A GB 1056577A GB 1056577 A GB1056577 A GB 1056577A GB 1595591 A GB1595591 A GB 1595591A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- valve
- liquid
- circuit
- conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/04—Hot-water central heating systems with the water under high pressure
- F24D3/06—Arrangements or devices for maintaining high pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO PRESSURISED
LIQUID MEDIUM SYSTEMS
(71) We, WARMAC LIMITED, a
British Company, of Clowes Street, Salford 3, Larrrsrre, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - This invention relates to pressurized liquid medium systems.
According to this invention apparatus for
controlling the pressure in a pressurized liquid circuit comprises a liquid supply reservoir,
a pump for delivering liquid frond the reser
voir trough a first non-return valve to a
pressure vessel, a connection between the pressure vessel and an outlet for connection to the circuit, the connection including a
second non-return valve, a pressure-responsive device responsive to liquid pressure in the pressure vessel and operative to control the pump, and a pressurexesponsive valve responsive to pressure on the outlet side of the
second non-return valve and arranged in use for flow therethrough of expansion liquid from
the circuit, said pressure vessel cowsbg a diaphragm dividing the vessel into two
chambers, one chamber connected on the
outlet side of the first nonreturn valve and
the other chamber containing gas.
Preferably the gas is inert, e.g. nitrogen.
Preferably the pressure-responsive valve is
arranged to deliver expansion liquid to the reservoir.
In one arrangement the pressure-responsive valve comprises a valve and p,ressure-respon- sive control means for the valve, both the valve and the control means being connected
to receive liquid from the apparatus on the
outlet side of the second non-return valve.
In another arrangement there is a second
pressure-responsive device responsive to pres
sure in the outlet side of the second non
return valve and arranged to operate a solenoidoperated valve to establish oornnuni- cation between liquid-operated means for opening the valve and liquid pressure between the non-retn valves.
The invention also includes such an ap paratus connected to the liquid circuit, and includes also the apparatus, and the combined apparatus and circuit, both empty and charged with liquid.
The invention may be performed in various ways and two specific embodiments will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a heating circuit;
Fig. 2 shows part of another heating circuit; and
Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of part of
Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale.
Referring to Fig. 1, a heating system comprises a spill tank or reservoir 10 adapted to hold water 11, the level 12 of the water 11 being maintained through a cold water connection 13 .o mains supply under the control of a ball-float 14.
A water conduit 15 leads from the tank 10 to a manually operable gate or on-off valve 16 connected to a conduit 17 connecked to the input side of an electrically operated pump 18. The output of the pump 18 is delivered through a conduit 19 to a pressure-responsive non-return valve 20 connected to a conduit 21 connected to another manually operable gate or on-off valve 22 which in turn connects to a conduit 23 which leads to another pressure responsive non return valve 24 connected to a manually operable gate or onsoff valve 25 via a conduit 26. The valve 25 is connected to the heating circuit (not shown) through a conduit 27.The heating circuit includes a load (for example radiators in a high-rise block of flats) and would normally include a boiler, and a pump for aircwLating hot water through the boiler and the load.
Pressure gauges 28 and 29 respectively provide visual indications of the pressures in the conduits 23 and 26. A pressure-fesponsive switch 30 is connected to the conduit 23 as
is a pressure vessel 31 including a flexible
diaphragm 32. The diaphragm 32 may be
made of rubber and separates water 33 from
nitrogen 34 under pressure in the vessel 31.
The pressure of nitrogen with the diaphragm
in a datum condition depends on the maxi- mum working pressure the unit has to achieve
but is not less than one atmosphere.
Because the diaphragm 32 is not in contact with air, it does not suffer the progressive deterioration which would otherwise result.
A conduit 35 by-passes the pump 18 and
includes a manually operable bleed device 3,6 including an orifice of adjustable area to pro
vide a regulatable bleed, mentioned later.
A return conduit 37 extends from the con
duit 26 on the load side af the non-rerurn valve 24 to the spill tank 10 and includes
a pressure-responsive expansion valve 40
operated by Q diaphragm control 41. The
diaphragm control 41 is biased in one sense
by a spring to close the valve 40 and is res
ponsive to the pressure in the conduits 37 and
26 through a conduir 42.
The pressurewresponsive switch 30 is con
nected to the control circuit of the pump
18. The valve 24 only permits water to flow from the conduit 23 to the conduit 26 and
the valve 20 only allows water to flow from
the conduit 19 to the conduit 21.
In use, the valves 16, 22 and 25 act as isolator valves and are normally all dosed when the system is not in use, and are all
open when the system is in use.
The load circuit 27 is intended to be operated at a pressure above atmospheric 90 that the water therein can be at a tempera- tare above its normal boiling point.
initially, the system is filled with water from a suitable source such as the mains,
valves 16, 22 and 25 being open. The pump
18 is then started to rise the pressure in
the load 27 to a desired working pressure,
say 47 pounds per square inch.
The expansion valve 40-42 is adjusted
so that the valve 40 begins to open if the
pressure in the conduit 37 exceeds the work
ing pressure by a certain amount (say at
48 Ibs per sq. inch) and becomes fully open
at a slightly higher pressure (say 50 lbs per
sq. inch). When valve 40 opens liquid flows
from the load 27, downstream of non return valve 24, through conduit 37 to the tank
10 to maintain the pressure in the load 27
within the working pressure range.
During this pressurization of load 27, the
pressure in the conduit 23 reaches the charg
ing pressure, say 47 ibs per sq. inch and the
switch 30 then switches off the pump 18.
At this stage the diaphragm 32 is in its datum
position balanced between the water pressure
and the pressure of the nitrogen 34.
The system is now ready for use.
The boiler is turned on or lit and the water in the load circuit 27 heats up to the working temperature and expands, thus tending to increase the pressure in the circuit.
The excess water pressure in the load circuit 27 opens valve 40 and the excess water flows through conduit 37 to tank 10. Should the water in the load now aowl blow the working temperature (controlled by the boiler thermos saat), it will contract in volume and the pressure in the load 27 falls below the pressure in the conduit 23 and make-up water flows from the conduit 23 through the nonreturn valve 24 to the conduit 26.This water comes initially from the vessel 31 under the pressure of the nitrogen 34. When the pressure in the conduit 23 has fallen to a first value, a predetermineil amount below the charging pressure, say 42 Ibs per square inch, the pressureHresponsive switch 30 operates to stank the pump 18 which delivers makeup water from the tank 10 to the conduit 21, the vessel 31 and the load circuit 27. When the pressure in the conduit 21 has increased to a second value (say 47 libs per sq. inch), the charging pressure, the switch 30 stops the pump 18.At this stage the pressure in the conduit 21 and the vessel 31 and the load 27 is again 47 lb. per sq. inch.
It will be appreciated that wish this ar rangement there is, for practical purposes, no loss of nitrogen from the vessel 31 and there is therefore no need to have a con- tainer of nitrogen under pressure connected to the vessel 31 to make up any loss or an attendant to replace such a nitrogen container when it becomes empty.
The bleed 36 is provided to enable the pump 18 and associated parts to be used with load circuits of differing worleing pressures and volumes. The bleed 36 comprises an orifice of adjustable size. For a load circuit af a particular working pressure and estimated maximum requirement of make-up water, the orifice size is adjusted bo the ap propriate size hating regard to the maximum delivery capacity of the pump.
In a modification there are two purpis in parallel, with associated isolator valves, to enable one pump to be removed for servicing whilst the other remains effective.
The arrangement has been described as operating with a working pressure differentIal of 8 pounds per square inch gauge with a duty point of 42 psig and a maximum of 50 psig, but the unit can, with a variety of pump sizes, be set to a desired working pressure differential with a range of 20 to 190 psig dealing with load temperatures of 1800F to 3600F.
Figure 2 shows a further mochtication and like parts have the same reference numerals as Fig. 1. In this arrangement a further pressure-responsive switch 50 is operatively connected to the conduit 26 and the load 27 and is arranged to energise a coil 51 of a norrully closed solenoidperated flow con- trol valve 52 when the pressure in the load circuit rises above the set pressure to establish communication between conduit 23 and valve 41 through conduits 56, 57.
When the pressure in the load drops, switch 50 apenzainouis thus deenergizing coil 51 causing valve 52 to stop water flow from conduit 56 to conduit 57.
The diaphragm 43 in the valve 41 is biased in one sense by a spring 53 and in the op posite sense by water 54 taken from the up streaan side of the non-return valve 24 through the conduits 56 and 57. The valve chamber above the diaphragm 43 is filled with nitrogen under pressure. Again the valve 40 begins to open when the pressure in the conduit 57 is 48 lbs per sq. inch. The arrangernerst of
Fig. 2 is primarily intended to enable the basic arrangement of Fig. 1 to be used with a load circuit intended to be used at a higher maximum pressure from that of Fig. 1, say 58 lbs per sq.inch. An adjustable regulator 58 enables the pressure in diaphragm valve 41 to be the same in Fig. 2 as in Fig. 1 even though the pressure in conduit 23 in Fig. 2 is higher than in Fig. 1.
The load circuit volume may be as much as 300,000 gallons or more and it will be appreciated that the expansion valve 40, tank 10, pump 18 and other parts are sized accordingly.
The liquid need not be water.
Also the invention is not restricted to use with pressurized load circuits which are heated but is applicable to other pressurized load circuits, for example a cald water supply circuit in a high rise block which needs to ;be pressurized to reach the upper floors. to such a case the water in the load is drawn by users through taps and thus requires to be made up, and the expansion valve 40 is used to accommodate volume changes in the load circuit due to changes in ambient temperature.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. Apparatus for controlling the pressure
Fin a pressurized liquid circuit comprising a ,liquid supply reservoir, a pump for delivering liquid from the reservoir through a first nonreturn valve to a pressure vessel, a connection between the pressure vessel and an outlet for connection to the circuit the connection in eluding a second noneturn valve, a pressureresponsive device responsive to liquid, pressure in the pressure vessel and operative to control the pump, and a pressure-responsive valve responsive to pressure on the outlet side of the second non-return valve and arranged in use for flow therethrough of expansion liquid from the circuit, said pressure vessel comprising a diaphragm dividing the vessel into two chambers, one chamber connected on the outlet side of the first nonreturn valve and the other chamber containing gas.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the gas is inert.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the gas is nitrogen.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the pressure-responsive valve is arranged to deliver expansion to the tank.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the pressure-respon sive valve comprises a valve and pressureresponsive control means for the valve, both tbe valve and the control means being connected to receive liquid from the apparatus on the outlet side of the second non-return valve.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, in which there is a second pressure responsive device responsive to pressure in the outlet side of the second nonreturn valve and arranged to operate a solenoidWoperated valve to establish commumi- cation between liquid-operated means for opening the valve and liquid pressure between the non-return valves.
7. Apparatus for controlling the pressure in a pressurized liquid circuit substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
8. Apparatus for controlling the pressure in a pressurized liquid circuit subsially as herD befse described with refcrerce to
Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims operatively connected to a liquid circuat
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (9)
1. Apparatus for controlling the pressure
Fin a pressurized liquid circuit comprising a ,liquid supply reservoir, a pump for delivering liquid from the reservoir through a first nonreturn valve to a pressure vessel, a connection between the pressure vessel and an outlet for connection to the circuit the connection in eluding a second noneturn valve, a pressureresponsive device responsive to liquid, pressure in the pressure vessel and operative to control the pump, and a pressure-responsive valve responsive to pressure on the outlet side of the second non-return valve and arranged in use for flow therethrough of expansion liquid from the circuit, said pressure vessel comprising a diaphragm dividing the vessel into two chambers, one chamber connected on the outlet side of the first nonreturn valve and the other chamber containing gas.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the gas is inert.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the gas is nitrogen.
4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the pressure-responsive valve is arranged to deliver expansion to the tank.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the pressure-respon sive valve comprises a valve and pressureresponsive control means for the valve, both tbe valve and the control means being connected to receive liquid from the apparatus on the outlet side of the second non-return valve.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, in which there is a second pressure responsive device responsive to pressure in the outlet side of the second nonreturn valve and arranged to operate a solenoidWoperated valve to establish commumi- cation between liquid-operated means for opening the valve and liquid pressure between the non-return valves.
7. Apparatus for controlling the pressure in a pressurized liquid circuit substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
8. Apparatus for controlling the pressure in a pressurized liquid circuit subsially as herD befse described with refcrerce to
Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims operatively connected to a liquid circuat
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1056577A GB1595591A (en) | 1978-03-21 | 1978-03-21 | Pressurised liquid medium systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1056577A GB1595591A (en) | 1978-03-21 | 1978-03-21 | Pressurised liquid medium systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1595591A true GB1595591A (en) | 1981-08-12 |
Family
ID=9970199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1056577A Expired GB1595591A (en) | 1978-03-21 | 1978-03-21 | Pressurised liquid medium systems |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1595591A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5148792A (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1992-09-22 | Walbro Corporation | Pressure-responsive fuel delivery system |
| EP1813873A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2007-08-01 | Church Hill Systems Limited | Improved circulation system |
-
1978
- 1978-03-21 GB GB1056577A patent/GB1595591A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5148792A (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1992-09-22 | Walbro Corporation | Pressure-responsive fuel delivery system |
| EP1813873A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2007-08-01 | Church Hill Systems Limited | Improved circulation system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19970321 |