GB1594951A

GB1594951A - Drain unit for floor or roof drainage

Info

Publication number: GB1594951A
Application number: GB140177A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Ustigate Plumbing Drainage & E
Current assignee: Ustigate Plumbing Drainage & E
Priority date: 1978-01-13
Filing date: 1978-01-13
Publication date: 1981-08-05

Description

(54) DRAIN UNIT FOR FLOOR OR ROOF DRAINAGE (71) We, USTIGATE PLUMBING, DRAIN AGE & ENGINEERING LIMITED, a British company of National Westminster Bank Chambers, 146 Milton Road, Gravesend, Kent, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to a drain unit for floor or roof drainage.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drain unit for setting in a floor or roof structure comprising wall means defining a funnel-shaped member adapted at its narrower end for connection to a drain pipe, which funnelshaped member comprises an upper wall portion whose internal wall surface is of smaller inclination to the horizontal than the internal wall surface of the remainder of the funnel shaped member which is of frustoconical form, the funnel-shaped member being surmounted by an upper edge region formed integrally therewith in the shape of a flange extending outwardly thereof and being formed internally at a transitional position therein between said upper wall portion and the remainder thereof with projecting means thereinto, the projecting means being adapted in a region thereof spaced apart from the wall of the funnel shaped member to receive means for attaching to the drain unit means for clamping a roof or floor covering within the drain unit against the internal wall surface of said upper wall portion of the funnel-shaped member.

According to a second aspect of this invention, there is provided an arrangement for clamping a roof or floor covering material on a roof or floor respectively comprising a drain unit according to the first aspect of this invention and an associated clamping ring having a portion shaped and dimensioned to lie within said upper wall portion of the drain unit and adapted for attaching to the drain unit thereby to clamp said covering material between said part of the drain unit and said portion of the clamping ring.

A drain unit according to this invention is constructed for use with a clamping ring which is intended to lie within the mouth of the funnel-shaped member and be connected to the funnel-shaped member at the projecting means clamping therebetween and the funnel-shaped member the surface covering material employed on the surface in which the drain unit is set.The drain unit may be set in a flat roof, in which case the roof covering material may be three or four ply felt or Nuralite (a Registered Trade Mark for an asbestos/bitumen composite sheet material), that is a relatively thin covering material, in which case the clamping ring is set well within the wider end of the funnelshaped member and the roof sealing material will be clamped between the clamping ring and the further flange of the funnel-shaped member to provide a good seal around the wider end or mouth of the funnel-shaped member. In like manner, an even thinner roof covering member may be provided by a waterproof membrane which may be likewise clamped between the clamping ring and the funnel-shaped member.When the drain unit is employed as floor drain, flooring material, for example polyvinylchloride flooring, may be clamped around the mouth of the funnel-shaped member in like manner.

Alternatively, the roof covering material may be a layer of asphalt or granolith, in which case, the clamping ring will be set somewhat apart from the wider end of the funnel-shaped member and will possess not so much a clamping function as a delimiting function in allowing a smooth surface to extend between roof surface and clamping ring, with surplus roof covering material being tucked down against the inclined surface of the funnel member above the projecting means. However, for the purposes of the present specification, the term "clamping", unless other indicated includes this delimiting function.

As will be particularly apparent when reference is made to the description of the drawings accompanying the provisional specifi cation which follows, the term "clamping ring" is used herein in a broad sense to mean both simple rings having the aforesaid clamping or delimiting function and elements of more complex construction which are formed at a lower region thereof with a section which has the function of a clamping or delimiting ring. Among such members may be mentioned grates and extension rings which may be required when a roof or floor or ground surface in which the drain unit is set is covered with a screed or other thick surface covering to which a waterproof surface covering is subsequently applied.In fact, extension members as aforesaid may be formed internally with a funnel-shaped section and a flange similar to said further flange for enabling a surface sealing layer to be clamped thereinto using a further clamping ring. A characteristic feature of a clamping ring is the presence of a peripheral bevelled surface intended to correspond to the shape of the funnel-shaped member in the upper part thereof.

The funnel-shaped member of a drain unit embodying this invention will generally be of circular sectional form, although this is not essential. The flange at the upper edge region of the funnel-shaped member is preferably of square form and is preferably rounded at its corners for ease of setting in a floor or roof surface. Irrespective of the form of the major part of the funnel-shaped member, and particularly when the flange is of square form, it is preferred that the upper part of the funnel-shaped member against which sealing material is intended to lie in use also be formed of square section, although it tapers. In this way, the fitting of the sealing material, especially when a preformed sheet material, within the upper part of the funnel-shaped member is facilitated.

If required, the flange at the upper edge region of the funnel-shaped member may be drilled to enable the flange to be fixed to a metal deck.

The drain unit of this invention will usually be made in traditional cast iron, as will the clamping ring or component or which it forms part. However, flat grates as may be used for interior purposes in, for example, hospitals will generally be formed of nonferrous metal.

For a better understanding of this invention, and to show how the same can be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example only, to the drawings accompanying the provisional specification, wherein: Figure 1 is an elevational view of one form of drain unit and associated "clamping ring" set in a roof surface, the right-hand side of the drain unit being shown in section; Figure 2 is a similar view to Figure 1 of a drain unit setx in a roof surface provided with a covering screed, surface sealing materials of different thickness being shown in the left-and right-hand portions of the figure;; Figure 3 is a vertical cross-section through a drain unit according to this invention set in a floor, provided with a flat grate shown attached to the drain unit when surface sealing materials of different thickness are employed (right- and left-hand portions); Figure 4 shows partly in elevation and partly in vertical cross-section, a drain unit embodying this invention and associated parts when the drain unit is set in a floor having a screed thereon and surface sealing materials of different thickness (right- and left-hand portions); and Figure 5 is a similar view to Figure 4 of an arrangement in which loose-laid paving is employed in place of a surface sealing skin.

In each of the drawings, like reference numerals denote like parts.

Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, a drain unit 1 embodying the invention is set in concrete 2. The drain unit has a cylindrical lower end portion 3 which is screwthreaded for attachment of a drain pipe (not shown) thereto. At its upper end, the drain unit is formed with a flange 4 the upper surface of which is level with the upper surface of the concrete. The drain unit is essentially of tapered form, comprising a frusto-conical section 5 on which is set a luting flange 6.

The luting flange comprises an inclined section joining the upper part of the tapered section 5 to the flange 4, but of different inclination to the frusto-conical section 5 and at the portion at which the luting flang; 6 adjoins the frusto-conical section 5 are formed three inwardly extending flanges 7 set at intervals of 1200 around the inside of the drain unit and formed at their inner ends with an upstanding lip 8 adapted at intervals to receive screws 9.

Positioned on the upper surface of the concrete and extending over the luting flange 6 is a surface sealing layer 12 formed of three or four ply felt or of Nuralite. The surface sealing layer is pressed against the luting flange by means of the bevelled edge 13 of a clamping ring 14 which is screwed to the drain unit by means of the screws 9 so as to provide a tight seal around the join between the clamping ring and the luting flange owing to the presence of the surface sealing material. The clamping ring 14 is provided with an integral gravel stop 15 formed at intervals with channels 16 for allowing water to pass therethrough into the drain unit 1.

Resting within the drain unit 1 on a ledge 17 in a lower part thereof and extending a substantial height thereabove is a nonchokeable dome 18 comprising a lower part 19 located largely within the drain unit 1 and provided with slots 20 for admitting water which has passed into the drain unit through the channel 16 in the clamping ring, to pass therefrom into a drain pipe connected to the drain unit. The lower part 19 is surmounted by an upper part 21 which is likewise formed with slots 22 which here have the primary function of preventing ingress to the drain unit of such relatively large airborne materials as leaves and waste paper.

Referring next to Figure 2, a drain unit 1 of like form to that shown in Figure 1 is again set in concrete 2 which is here covered with a screed 23, that is a coarse sand/cement composition. A waterproof membrane 24 formed for example of synthetic plastics material lies between the screed and the concrete 1 and is pressed against the luting flange 6 of the drain unit 1 by a clamping portion 23 of an extension ring member 26 having projecting portions 27 at which the extension ring member may be attached by screws 9 to the upstanding lips 8 of the drain unit 1. The main part of the extension ring is a body of simple cylindrical form on which rests a gravel stop 28 formed with channels 29 which have the same function as the channels 16 of the gravel stop 15 of Figure 1.

The gravel stop 28 is in fact formed in identical manner to the clamping ring 14 of Figure 1 and serves to clamp a surface sealing layer 12 against a bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring with inwardly extending projections 31 terminating in upstanding lips 32 in like manner to the luting flange 6 of the drain unit 1. Screws 33 are employed to attach the gravel stop 28 to the extension ring member 26.

The right- and left-hand portions of the arrangement shown in Figure 2 show variations in the juxtaposition with respect to each other of the gravel stop 28 and the extension ring member 26 necessitated by the use of different thicknesses of surface sealing material 12. Thus the righthand side of Figure 2 shows the use of a relatively thin surface sealing layer, three or four ply felt lead or Nuralite. In contrast, the left-hand portion of Figure 2 shows the application of a thick (for example 3/4" maximum) layer 34 of asphalt which requires the gravel stop 28 to lie well apart from the bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring member 26. However by use of screws 9 of sufficient length, it is nevertheless possible to achieve clamping of the asphalt against the bevelled surface 30.

A dome 18 of the type used in Figure 1 again lies within the drain unit 1. For purposes of clarity, the lower part is not shown in broken line representation as in Figure 1. Because of the presence of the extension ring member, the dome 18 projects above the gravel stop 28 a shorter distance than in Figure 1.

Whilst the arrangements shown in Figures 1 and 2 are specifically for roof drains, Figure 3 shows an arrangement particularly suited for use as a floor drain, although it is also usable as a roof drain. The drain unit 1 is set in concrete in the same manner as in Figure 1. On the right-hand side of Figure 3, the concrete is shown to be covered by a relatively thin surface covering material 35. This may be of a type suitable for outdoor use, for example three of four ply felt or Nuralite or a material suitable for indoor use, for example rubber or polyvinylchloride. At the left-hand side of Figure 3, the concrete is shown to be covered with a layer of asphalt 36.In each case, the surface covering material is forced against the luting flange 6 of the drain unit by means of a clamping member, which is here provided with a flat grate 37, by means of screws 9 of suitable length in accordance with the thickness of the surface covering material 35, entering suitable recesses in the upstanding lip 8.

Figure 4 shows similar provision of a flat grate 37 over a drain unit 1 of the type shown in section in Figures 1 to 3 set in a concrete floor or roof. Here, the concrete floor or roof is covered by a screed 23 with interposition therebetween and the concrete of a waterproof membrane 24. In order to raise the flat grate 37, there is provided an extension ring member 26 having the same construction and function as the extension ring member shown in Figure 2 and clamping the waterproof membrane between it and drain unit 1.As in Figure 3, the right-hand and left-hand portions of the drawing show different spacings apart of flat grate 37 and bevelled surface, here bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring member, to accommodate, in one case (right-hand portion) a thin surface sealing material and on the other hand (lefthand portion) a relatively thick surface sealing material, for example asphalt.

Finally referring to Figure 5 of the drawings, there is shown an inverted roof membrane drain comprising a drain unit 1 of the type shown in section in Figures 1 to 3 set in concrete, surmounted by an extension ring member 38 having a height equal to the thickness of a screed 23, surmounted in turn by an extension ring member 26 to which is attached a flat grate 37. The only difference between the extension ring member 38 and ring member 26 shown in greater detil in Figure 2 lies in that the former is perforaled.

The two ring members comprise clamping rings thereby enabling surface sealing materials to be clamped against a luting flange of the next lower component of the assembly.

Thus, a waterproof membrane 24 is provided between the screed 23 and the concrete 2 being clamped between extension ring member 38 and the drain unit 1 and a waterproof membrane 39 lies on the screed and is held against the bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring member 38 by means of a bevelled surface 40 of the extension ring member 26.

Paving 41 is loosely laid on the waterproof membrane 39. The paving is uncovered and hence the flat grate 37 makes direct contact with the bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring member 26.

The combinations of components shown in the accompanying drawings are only optional and will generally be selected in accordance with particular requirements.

Thus, for example, in the arrangement of Figure 5, it is possible to dispense with the upper waterproof membrane 39. The extension pieces themselves will usually be set in mastic when there is no waterproof material set thereinto. As an alternative form of thick surface sealing layer to asphalt, it is possible to use, particularly in the arrangements of Figures 3 to 4, tile or granolith. Granolith can be pressed down against a luting flange. Tiling in contrast will simply abut a clamping flange and it is then that the use of a mastic as aforesaid is particularly desirable.

WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A drain unit for setting in a floor or roof structure comprising wall means defining a funnel-shaped member adapted at its narrower end for connection to a drain pipe, which funnel-shaped member comprises an upper wall portion whose internal wall surface is frusto-conical and of smaller inclination to the horizontal than the internal wall surface of the remainder of the funnel shaped member, the funnel shaped member being surmounted by an upper edge region formed integrally therewith in the shape of a flange extending outwardly thereof and being formed internally at a transitional position therein between said upper wall portion and the remainder thereof with projecting means thereinto, the projecting means being adapted in a region thereof spaced apart from the wall of the funnelshaped member to receive means for attaching to the drain unit means for clamping a roof or floor covering within the drain unit against the internal wall surface of said upper wall portion of the funnel-shaped member.

2. A drain unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flange at the upper edge region is of substantially square form.

3. A drain unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said upper wall portion is internally of square transverse cross-sectional form.

4. A drain unit as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which is formed of non-ferrous metal.

5. A drain unit as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which is formed at its narrower end with a screwthreaded cylindrical end portion.

6. A drain unit as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which comprises a plurality of said projecting means spaced at equal intervals around the interior of the funnel-shaped member, each projecting means being formed at its end remote from the wall means with an upstanding lip adapted to receive a screwthreaded member for attaching said clamping means to the drain unit.

7. A drain unit for setting in a floor or roof structure, substantially as herein before described with reference to and as shown in Figures 1 to 5 of the drawings accompanying the provisional specification.

8. An arrangement for clamping a roof or floor covering material on a roof or floor respectively, comprising a drain unit as claimed in any one of the preceding claims and an associated clamping ring having a portion shaped and dimensioned to lie within said upper wall portion of the drain unit and adapted for attaching to the drain unit thereby to clamp said covering material between said part of the drain unit and said upper wall portion of the clamping ring.

9. An arrangement as claimed in claim 8, wherein said upper wall portion of the clamping ring is surmounted by an integral gravel stop.

10. An arrangement as claimed in claim 8 or 11, wherein said upper wall portion of the clamping ring surrounds a flat grate formed integrally therewith.

11. An arrangement as claimed in claim 8, wherein said upper wall portion of the clamping ring is surmounted by an integrally formed cylindrical extension ring which carries projecting means projecting thereinto at a position intermediate end regions of the extension ring and adapted in a region spaced apart from the extension ring for attachment thereto of means for clamping a roof or floor covering to a bevelled surface of the extension ring sloping downwardly into the extension ring from one end region thereof.

12. An arrangement as claimed in claim 11, wherein said extension ring carries a plurality of said projecting means spaced at equal intervals around the interior of the extension ring, each projecting means being formed at its end remote from the extension ring with an upstanding lip adapted to receive a screwthreaded member for attaching said clamping means to the drain unit.

13. An arrangement as claimed in claim 11 or 12, wherein the extension ring is perforated.

14. An arrangement as claimed in claim 11, 14 or 15, in association with a further clamping ring for clamping a roof or floor covering to the bevelled surface of the extension ring the further clamping ring having a

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. membrane 39 lies on the screed and is held against the bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring member 38 by means of a bevelled surface 40 of the extension ring member 26. Paving 41 is loosely laid on the waterproof membrane 39. The paving is uncovered and hence the flat grate 37 makes direct contact with the bevelled surface 30 of the extension ring member 26. The combinations of components shown in the accompanying drawings are only optional and will generally be selected in accordance with particular requirements. Thus, for example, in the arrangement of Figure 5, it is possible to dispense with the upper waterproof membrane 39. The extension pieces themselves will usually be set in mastic when there is no waterproof material set thereinto. As an alternative form of thick surface sealing layer to asphalt, it is possible to use, particularly in the arrangements of Figures 3 to 4, tile or granolith. Granolith can be pressed down against a luting flange. Tiling in contrast will simply abut a clamping flange and it is then that the use of a mastic as aforesaid is particularly desirable. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:-

1. A drain unit for setting in a floor or roof structure comprising wall means defining a funnel-shaped member adapted at its narrower end for connection to a drain pipe, which funnel-shaped member comprises an upper wall portion whose internal wall surface is frusto-conical and of smaller inclination to the horizontal than the internal wall surface of the remainder of the funnel shaped member, the funnel shaped member being surmounted by an upper edge region formed integrally therewith in the shape of a flange extending outwardly thereof and being formed internally at a transitional position therein between said upper wall portion and the remainder thereof with projecting means thereinto, the projecting means being adapted in a region thereof spaced apart from the wall of the funnelshaped member to receive means for attaching to the drain unit means for clamping a roof or floor covering within the drain unit against the internal wall surface of said upper wall portion of the funnel-shaped member.

portion shaped and dimensioned to lie within the bevelled surface of the extension ring and adapted for attaching to the extension ring to clamp said covering material between the clamping ring and the bevelled surface.

15. An arrangement as claimed in claim 14, wherein said further clamping ring is surmounted by an integral gravel stop.

16. An arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 8, 9 and 11 to 15 further comprising a non-chokable dome for emplacement within the drain unit and the clamping ring(s) positioned therein in use to project above the clamping ring(s), the dome comprising slots, both in a lower region to be within the drain unit and in an upper region to be within the clamping ring(s) and toproject thereabove.

17. An arrangement as claimed in claim 8, for clamping a roof or floor covering on a roof or floor respectively, the arrangement being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in any one of Figures 1 to 5 of the drawings accompanying the provisional specification.

18. A method of attaching a roof or floor covering to a roof or floor which comprises laying the covering on a roof or floor provided with a drain unit of an arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 17, introducing the covering into the drain unit and clamping the covering against the internal wall surface of the upper wall portion of the upper wall portion of the drain unit by attaching the clamping ring to the drain unit.

19. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the roofing material is a three or four ply felt or an asbestos/bitumen composite sheet material.

20. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the flooring material is a rubber or polyvinylchloride floor covering material.

21. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the roof covering material is a layer of asphalt or granolith which is tucked down against said wall means by the clamping ring.

22. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the drain unit forms part of an arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 17, laid in a a roof, the roof covering material is a waterproof membrane, a screed having a thickness substantially equal to the height of cylindrical extension ring is laid on the membrane and a roof covering is introduced into the extension ring and clamped against the bevelled surface thereof by attaching the further clamping ring to the said clamping ring.

23. A method of attaching a roof or floor covering to a roof or floor, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of Figures 1 to 5 of the drawings accompanying the provisional specification.