GB1589574A - Process and machine for preparing soil material - Google Patents

Process and machine for preparing soil material Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1589574A
GB1589574A GB42706/77A GB4270677A GB1589574A GB 1589574 A GB1589574 A GB 1589574A GB 42706/77 A GB42706/77 A GB 42706/77A GB 4270677 A GB4270677 A GB 4270677A GB 1589574 A GB1589574 A GB 1589574A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
feeding
additional component
sludge
mixing
feed container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB42706/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INSINOEOERITOIMISTO WASTE ENG
Original Assignee
INSINOEOERITOIMISTO WASTE ENG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INSINOEOERITOIMISTO WASTE ENG filed Critical INSINOEOERITOIMISTO WASTE ENG
Publication of GB1589574A publication Critical patent/GB1589574A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Description

(54) A PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR PREPARING SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL (71) We, INSINÖÖRITOIMISTO WASTE ENGINEERING SYSTEMS COMPANY OY a Finnish Company of, Suunnittelutalo, 21200 Raisio, Finland, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The present invention relates to a process and machine for preparing soil improvement material.
In waste water purification large amounts of sludge are obtained which to a considerable extent contains material suitable for fertilizing purposes. Such sludge is, however, rather awkward to handle and has a bad smell.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a process and machine for preparing soil improvement material containing sludge as a basic part.
According to the invention there is provided a process for preparing a fertilizing material, comprising supplying dewatered sewage sludge to a first feed container, supplying an additional component to a second feed container, feeding said additional component from the second feed container to a shredder, feeding the shredded additional component from the shredder and dewatered sludge from the first feed container to a mixer for thorough intermixing, and throwing out the mixed material, for aerating and loosening the same, into a pile for composting.
There is also provided a process for preparing a fertilizing material, comprising supplying dewatered sewage sludge to a first feed container, supplying an additional component to a second feed container, feeding sewage sludge from the first feed container and the additional component from the second feed container to a preliminary mixer, feeding the preliminarily mixed material through a shredder to a main mixer for final thorough mixing, throwing out the finally mixed material, for aerating and loosening the same, into a pile for composting.
There is further provided a mobile machine for carrying out the process according to the invention comprising a first feed container for receiving dewatered sludge provided at its bottom with means for feeding the sludge out of the container, a second feed container for receiving the additional component provided at its bottom with means for feeding the.additional component out of the container, a shredder arranged to receive the additional component, mixing means arranged to receive sludge from the first feed container and the shredded additional component from the shredder, and means arranged at the outlet of said mixing means for throwing out the mixed material into a pile.There is also provided a mobile machine for carrying out the process according to the invention, comprising a first feed container for receiving dewatered sludge provided at its bottom with means for feeding the sludge out of the container, a second feed container for receiving the additional component provided at its bottom with means for feeding the additional component out of the container, preliminary mixing means arranged to receive the sludge and the additional component received from the feed containers a shredder arranged to receive the preliminarily mixed material, second mixing means arranged to receive the shredded material, and means arranged at the outlet of said second mixing means throwing out the mixed material into a pile.
The machine according to the invention makes it possible to make use of sludge from waste water purification plants in an economically advantageous way. By mixing therein e.g. bark, preferably bark of coniferous trees, peat or straw the sludge is converted into a form convenient to handle, the bad smell is eliminated, the nitrogen of the sludge is preserved and a soil improvement material with high humus content is obtained.
The machine may preferably be mounted on a movable chassis, e.g. a trailer, whereby the machine can receive its power from the towing vehicle or from a power unit of its own driver, e.g. by a combustion motor.
The machine is thus conveniently movable from place to place and also independent of outside power supply. The machine may also include driving means enabling it to move by itself in the direction of the compost pile.
The feeding rates of the means feeding sludge and the other components from the containers are preferably adjustable independently from each other whereby soil improvement material of many different compositions can be prepared. Preferably these feeding means comprise transport screws enabling a very even feed. For the same reason the mixing means also preferably comprise transport screws, e.g. two parallel ones, although mixing means of another kind also may be contemplated.
The feeding means and the mixing means are preferably hydraulically driven.
In the following the invention shall be described in detail with reference to the drawings attached.
Figures 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the invention, Figures 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the invention, and Figure 5 shows in detail a preferred embodiment of a transport screw of the mixing means.
In Figures 1 and 2 the machine for preparing soil improvement material is mounted on a trailer 8 which is connectable, e.g. to a tractor.
Bark, peat, straw, dry leaves or some other suitable carbon-containing material is loaded, e.g. by means of a front-end loader, into container 1 having a transport belt la arranged at its bottom. The belt la feeds the material to a transport screw 2 feeding the material further to the intake of a shredder 3. In order to separate too large and hard parts from the material the shredder is provided with separating means 3a known per se. The shredder reduces the bark etc.
to desired size and feeds to it the intake of mixing means 4. Sludge obtained from e.g. a waste water purification plant is loaded into container 5 having a transport belt 5a arranged at its bottom. The belt Sa feeds the sludge to a transport screw 6 feeding the sludge further to the intake of mixing means 4. The mixing means 4 comprises two parallel transport screws 4a and 4b mixing the sludge with the additional component and feeding the so formed mixture to a wing wheel 7 arranged at the outlet of the mixing means. The wing wheel 7 throws the soil improvement materials into a pile behind the machine whereby the material at the same time is loosened and areated.
Figures 3 and 4 show another preferred embodiment of the invention. The bark or other carbon-containing component is loaded into the container 9 wherefrom a transport screw 10 arranged at the bottom of the container feeds it to a transverse screw 11. Sludge is loaded into the contaner 14 wherefrom a transport screw 15 arranged at the bottom of the container feeds the sludge to the transverse screw 11. The screw 11 feeds both components under premixing to the intake of a shredder 12 provided with means 12a for separating such parts of the mixture which are too large and too hard to be included in the soil improvement material. From the shredder 12 the material enters the mixing means 13 preferably comprising two parallel transport screws 13a and 13b.At the outlet of the mixing means is arranged a wing wheel 16 which throws the soil improvement material into a pile where the thus loosened and aerated material is composted.
As is shown in Figure 5, the transport screws 13a and 13b of the mixing means comprise a spiral screw 20 attached to a tubular axis 19 and possibly provided with projecting blades 21 for effecting the mixing of the material. The number, shape and direction of attachment of the blades 21 or other similar auxiliary means may vary according to the needs of different materials.
Although the mixing means 4 and 13 both are shown with two screws it should be noted that a satisfactory result often could be obtained with a single mixing screw which preferably would be a so-called centreless or axisless screw.
The mixing means 4 and 13 are preferably inclined in order to position its outlet higher up thus enabling a larger pile.
The feeding means 10 and 15 in the containers 9 and 14 preferably include auxiliary screws 10a and 15a for preventing the material from vaulting and adhering to the container walls and for effecting a more even easily adjustable feed to the transverse screw 11.
The machine according to the invention may take its power either from the towing vehicle, e.g. a tractor, in which case a separate scoop loader is needed, or, which is preferable, from a power unit of its own, driven e.g. by a combustion motor, whereby the towing tractor may work as a loader.
The feeding means and the mixing means are preferably all driven hydraulically and by interconnecting the drives of the feeders la and 5a as well as of the feeders 10 and 15 the composition of the soil improvement material may be varied conveniently. The speeds of the transverse screws 2, 6 and 11 and of the mixing screws 4a, 4b and 13a, 13b are variable as well. When the machine is provided with a power unit a hydraulic motor may be coupled to the wheels of the trailer 8; 17 enabling the machine to move by itself in the direction of the pile. For moving longer distances the machine is attached at link 18 to a towing vehicle.
For the sake of simplicity the afore mentioned hydraulic means, the power unit and different coupling arrangements have been left out of the drawing.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A process for preparing a fertilizing material comprising supplying dewatered sewage sludge to a first feed container, supplying an additional component to a second feed container, feeding said additional component from the second feed container to a shredder, feeding the shredded additional component from the shredder and dewatered sludge from the first feed container to a mixer for thorough intermixing, and throwing out the mixed material, for aerating and loosening the same, into a pile for composting.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the steps of feeding sludge to the mixer, feeding the additional component through the shredder to the mixer, the mixing and the throwing out of mixed materials are carried out continuously at adjustable rates.
3. A process for preparing a fertilizing material, comprising, supplying dewatered sewage sludge to a first feed container, supplying an additional component to a second feed container, feeding sewage sludge from the first feed container and the additional component from the second feed container to a preliminary mixer, feeding the preliminarily mixed material through a shredder to a main mixer for final thorough mixing, throwing out the finally mixed material, for aerating and loosening the sarne, into a pile for composting.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the steps of feeding sludge and the additional component to the preliminary mixer, the preliminary mixing, the shredding, the final mixing and the throwing out of the finally mixed material are carried out continuously at adjustable rates.
5. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the additional component comprises bark, peat, straw or dried leaves.
6. A mobile machine for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising a first feed container for receiving dewatered sludge provided at its bottom with means for feeding the sludge out of the container, a second feed container for receiving the additional component provided at its bottom with means for feeding the additional component out of the container, a shredder arranged to receive the additional component, mixing means arranged to receive sludge from the first feed container and the shredded additional component from the shredder, and means arranged at the outlet of said mixing means for throwing out the mixed material into a pile.
7. A mobile machine for carrying out the process according to claim 3, comprising a first feed container for receiving dewatered sludge provided at its bottom with means for feeding the sludge out of the container, a second feed container for receiving the additional component provided at its bottom with means for feeding the additional component out of the container, preliminary mixing means arranged to receive the sludge and the additional component received from the feed containers, a shredder arranged to receive the preliminarily mixed material, second mixing means arranged to receive the shredded material, and means arranged at the outlet of said second mixing means throwing out the mixed material into a pile.
8. A mobile machine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the feeding rates of said feeding means arranged at the bottom of said containers are adjustable independently of each other.
9. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 8 wherein said feed means arranged at the bottoms of said containers comprise endless belts.
10. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein said feeding means arranged at the bottom of said containers comprise transport screws.
11. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 10, wherein the mixing means comprise a double transport screw.
12. A mobile machine according to claim 11, wherein the spirals of said double screw are provided with projecting blades to promote mixing.
13. A mobile machine according to claim 11 or 12 wherein the double transport screw is arranged in an inclined position in order to have its outlet as high up as possible.
14. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 13, wherein said means arranged at the outlet of said mixing means for throwing out the mixed material comprises a roller for loosening and aerating the mixed material.
15. A mobile machine according to claim 7, wherein the preliminary mixing means comprises a transport screw.
16. A mobile machine according to any
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (17)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. by interconnecting the drives of the feeders la and 5a as well as of the feeders 10 and 15 the composition of the soil improvement material may be varied conveniently. The speeds of the transverse screws 2, 6 and 11 and of the mixing screws 4a, 4b and 13a, 13b are variable as well. When the machine is provided with a power unit a hydraulic motor may be coupled to the wheels of the trailer 8; 17 enabling the machine to move by itself in the direction of the pile. For moving longer distances the machine is attached at link 18 to a towing vehicle. For the sake of simplicity the afore mentioned hydraulic means, the power unit and different coupling arrangements have been left out of the drawing. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A process for preparing a fertilizing material comprising supplying dewatered sewage sludge to a first feed container, supplying an additional component to a second feed container, feeding said additional component from the second feed container to a shredder, feeding the shredded additional component from the shredder and dewatered sludge from the first feed container to a mixer for thorough intermixing, and throwing out the mixed material, for aerating and loosening the same, into a pile for composting.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the steps of feeding sludge to the mixer, feeding the additional component through the shredder to the mixer, the mixing and the throwing out of mixed materials are carried out continuously at adjustable rates.
3. A process for preparing a fertilizing material, comprising, supplying dewatered sewage sludge to a first feed container, supplying an additional component to a second feed container, feeding sewage sludge from the first feed container and the additional component from the second feed container to a preliminary mixer, feeding the preliminarily mixed material through a shredder to a main mixer for final thorough mixing, throwing out the finally mixed material, for aerating and loosening the sarne, into a pile for composting.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the steps of feeding sludge and the additional component to the preliminary mixer, the preliminary mixing, the shredding, the final mixing and the throwing out of the finally mixed material are carried out continuously at adjustable rates.
5. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein the additional component comprises bark, peat, straw or dried leaves.
6. A mobile machine for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising a first feed container for receiving dewatered sludge provided at its bottom with means for feeding the sludge out of the container, a second feed container for receiving the additional component provided at its bottom with means for feeding the additional component out of the container, a shredder arranged to receive the additional component, mixing means arranged to receive sludge from the first feed container and the shredded additional component from the shredder, and means arranged at the outlet of said mixing means for throwing out the mixed material into a pile.
7. A mobile machine for carrying out the process according to claim 3, comprising a first feed container for receiving dewatered sludge provided at its bottom with means for feeding the sludge out of the container, a second feed container for receiving the additional component provided at its bottom with means for feeding the additional component out of the container, preliminary mixing means arranged to receive the sludge and the additional component received from the feed containers, a shredder arranged to receive the preliminarily mixed material, second mixing means arranged to receive the shredded material, and means arranged at the outlet of said second mixing means throwing out the mixed material into a pile.
8. A mobile machine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the feeding rates of said feeding means arranged at the bottom of said containers are adjustable independently of each other.
9. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 8 wherein said feed means arranged at the bottoms of said containers comprise endless belts.
10. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein said feeding means arranged at the bottom of said containers comprise transport screws.
11. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 10, wherein the mixing means comprise a double transport screw.
12. A mobile machine according to claim 11, wherein the spirals of said double screw are provided with projecting blades to promote mixing.
13. A mobile machine according to claim 11 or 12 wherein the double transport screw is arranged in an inclined position in order to have its outlet as high up as possible.
14. A mobile machine according to any of claims 6 to 13, wherein said means arranged at the outlet of said mixing means for throwing out the mixed material comprises a roller for loosening and aerating the mixed material.
15. A mobile machine according to claim 7, wherein the preliminary mixing means comprises a transport screw.
16. A mobile machine according to any
of claims 6 to 15, further comprising a power unit.
17. A machine for preparing soil improvement material substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB42706/77A 1976-10-21 1977-10-13 Process and machine for preparing soil material Expired GB1589574A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI763007A FI54596C (en) 1976-10-21 1976-10-21 ANORDNING FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV JORDFOERBAETTRINGSMEDEL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1589574A true GB1589574A (en) 1981-05-13

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ID=8510360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB42706/77A Expired GB1589574A (en) 1976-10-21 1977-10-13 Process and machine for preparing soil material

Country Status (6)

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DE (1) DE2747130A1 (en)
FI (1) FI54596C (en)
GB (1) GB1589574A (en)
NL (1) NL7711581A (en)
NO (1) NO773599L (en)
SE (1) SE7711620L (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2200105A (en) * 1988-01-11 1988-07-27 Fb Patents Ltd Improvements in fertiliser

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI101292B1 (en) * 1992-07-08 1998-05-29 Osmo Nenonen Method for removing water from biologically treated sewage sludge
EP0649826A1 (en) * 1993-10-20 1995-04-26 Hochwald-Ton-GmbH Process and device for sludge disposal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2200105A (en) * 1988-01-11 1988-07-27 Fb Patents Ltd Improvements in fertiliser
GB2200105B (en) * 1988-01-11 1990-11-21 Fb Patents Ltd Improvements in fertiliser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE7711620L (en) 1978-04-22
FI54596B (en) 1978-09-29
NO773599L (en) 1978-04-24
NL7711581A (en) 1978-04-25
FI763007A (en) 1978-04-22
FI54596C (en) 1979-01-10
DE2747130A1 (en) 1978-04-27

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CSNS Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed