GB1575542A - Antistatic laminates - Google Patents
Antistatic laminates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1575542A GB1575542A GB16213/77A GB1621377A GB1575542A GB 1575542 A GB1575542 A GB 1575542A GB 16213/77 A GB16213/77 A GB 16213/77A GB 1621377 A GB1621377 A GB 1621377A GB 1575542 A GB1575542 A GB 1575542A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- scrim
- laminate
- film
- melinex
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
- B32B2471/02—Carpets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
(54) ANTISTATIC LAMINATES
(71) We, THE BRITISH PETROLEUM
COMPANY LIMITED, of Britannic House Moor
Lane, London, EC2Y 9BU, a British Company, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
The present invention relates to antistatic laminates suitable for use as a protective barrier against liquids and vapours of gases which are susceptible to ignition on exposure to electrostatic discharge either during storage or transportation.
Prior art polymer sheets and films have had desirable mechanical and barrier properties but these also have a very high surface and high volume resistivity. This leads to the generation and accumulation of electrostatic charges which render such films and sheets unsuitable for use in some environments and is critical if the film or sheet is to be used in environments where explosive gaseous mixtures may occur. One of the techniques suggested to offset this disadvantage is to coat the base film with a conductive material but this is unsatisfactory because the coating tends to lift from the base film thus reducing the effectiveness of the system. Another suggested method is to incorporate conductive additives into the film during manufacture but may result in a reduction in mechanical properties and particularly in its ability to be joined by heat sealing.
It has now been found that some important electrical properties of such films and sheets may be improved to safe levels without substantially impairing their mechanical and physical properties and in many cases the mechanical properties will be improved.
Accordingly, the present invention is a laminate comprising at least one layer of a polymer sheet or film and at least one layer of a scrim of electrically conductive epitropia fibres, said scrim having a mechanical size below 10 cm2.
The laminates of the present invention may be prepared from sheets or films of any of the well-known polymers depending upon the desired mechanical and physical properties.
Examples of polymers that may be used include polyesters, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, fluorinated polyethlene and polypropylene.
The scrim of electrically conductive material is of a mesh not greater than 10 cm2, suitably between 3 mm2 and 10 cm2, preferably between 6 mm2 and 5 cam2 Such mesh sizes approximately represent a rate of electrostatic discharge of about 70 nC for a 10 cm2 mesh down to below 10 nC for a 1 cm3 mesh.
By using a scrim having a mesh size lying within a specific range it can be ensured that only small areas, between the strands of the scrim, are available to generate charge which may then be dissipated rapidly by connecting the conductive scrim to a suitable earthing point.
The scrim may be made up of any electri- cally conductive epitropic fibre which contains very fine particles of carbon embedded in the surface of the fibre. This fibre containing the fine carbon particles is preferably of the same polymer as that used for the sheet or film with which it is to be laminated. One such example is the bonding of an epitropic polyester fibre with a polyester film. The sheet or film and scrim which are bonded together to form a laminate may however be made from dissimilar polymers depending upon the end use of the laminate.
The bonding of a layer of the polymer sheet or film with the scrim of electrically conductive material may be carried out in any conventional manner. It is preferable to laminate the layers by heat since the scrim material melts and flows under the sealing conditions. This produces a fairly flexible, impermeable laminate. The laminating may be carried out either by impulse
Material Surface Charge Comments Resistivity Transfer ohmlsquare . nC Control 1 Melinex *X301 1.25 x 1013 @ 100 V 52-390 Hazardous in gasolinetair heterofilm (polyester) environment. Control 2 Melinex *X301 1 x 1014 @ 100 V 390 Hazardous in gasolinelair laminated. to environment. Lamination condi Melinex X301 tions have not improved values. Laminate of Example 1 Melinex *X301 X301 side 1.0 x 1013 < lOnC Charge transfer values suggest laminated to a scrim @ 1 OOH hazard is considerably reduced of polyester fibres Scrim side resistance < 1 OnC on both sides. containing 3% epi- 6.15 x 10 to 5.3 x 108 tropic fibres ohm Laminate' of Example 2 Melinex*X301/ 1 x 101 3 @ 100 V < lOnC As above. epitropic scrim/ Melinex X301
* Registered Trade Mark
heat sealing or by ultrasonic sealing in order
to produce a strong bond. Alternatively, the
scrim layer may be bonded to the polymer
sheet or film by using an adhesive compound.
When using an adhesive for joining two lami
nates in order to fabricate structures it must be
ensured that the electrical continuity is main
tained across the weld. This may be achieved by
using a carbon filled adhesive compound.
For most applications a laminate comprising
one layer of the polymer sheet or film and one
layer of the scrim of electrically conductive
material is adequate. However, if added strength
and permeability characteristics are requred,
a laminate may be formed wherein the scrim
of electrically conductive material is sand
wiched between two layers of the polymer
sheet or film. The laminate may also be pro
duced from one layer of polymer sheet or film
sandwiched between two layers of the electri
cally conductive scrim.
Laminates of the present invention can be used not only in producing safe gasoline vapour
membranes for use as seals or storage tanks as
claimed and described in our British Patent
Specification Serial No. 1543579 but may
also find wider applications such as in gasoline
transfer hoses, plastic floating decks on gaso
line or benzene storage tanks, safety work
wear and carpets.
The invention is further illustrated with
reference to the following Examples.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
A polyethylene terephthalate fflm Melinex
X301 (Registered Trade Mark) was coated on one side with a low molecular weight polyester adhesive. A scrim of polyester fibre interwoven with epitropic fibres and having a 1 cm2 mesh was heat sealed by impulsive sealing to the film 1800C for 3 minutes, then cooled under pressure to produce the laminate.
Example 2
The process of Example 1 was repeated except that the scrim of polyester fibre interwoven with epitropic fibres was sandwiched between two layers of the same polyethylene terephthalate film to produce the laminate.
These laminates according to Examples 1 and 2 were compared with a simple untreated
Melinex X301 (Registered Trade Mark) film (Control 1) and a laminate of two layers of the same film without the scrim (Control 2). These were tested for their electrical characteristics and the results are tabulated in the table shown above: Temperature of measurement 22"C Relative Humidity 43 per cent
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A laminate comprising at least one layer of a polymer sheet or film and at least one layer of a scrim of electrically conductive epitropicfibres, said scrim having a mesh size below 10 cm2.
2. A laminate according to Claim 1 wherein a layer of the scrim is sandwiched between two layers of a polymer sheet or film.
3. A laminate according to Claim 1 or 2
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (8)
1. A laminate comprising at least one layer of a polymer sheet or film and at least one layer of a scrim of electrically conductive epitropicfibres, said scrim having a mesh size below 10 cm2.
2. A laminate according to Claim 1 wherein a layer of the scrim is sandwiched between two layers of a polymer sheet or film.
3. A laminate according to Claim 1 or 2
wherein the polymer sheet is a polyester sheet.
4. A laminate according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the scrim has a mesh size of between 3 mm2 and 10cm2.
5. A laminate according to Claim 4 wherein the scrim has a mesh size ofbetween 6 mm2 and 5 cm2.
6. A laminate according to any of the preceding claims wherein the scrim is bonded to the layer of a polymer sheet by heat sealing.
7. A laminate according to Claim 1 as hereinbefore described with reference to the
Examples.
8. Laminates as claimed in any of the preceding claims whenever used as gasoline vapour membranes.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB16213/77A GB1575542A (en) | 1977-04-19 | 1977-04-19 | Antistatic laminates |
JP4622078A JPS53132079A (en) | 1977-04-19 | 1978-04-19 | Laminated sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB16213/77A GB1575542A (en) | 1977-04-19 | 1977-04-19 | Antistatic laminates |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1575542A true GB1575542A (en) | 1980-09-24 |
Family
ID=10073221
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB16213/77A Expired GB1575542A (en) | 1977-04-19 | 1977-04-19 | Antistatic laminates |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS53132079A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1575542A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3214940A1 (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-12-16 | Pervel Industries Inc., 06374 Plainfield, Conn. | TO PROTECT AGAINST ELECTROSTATIC LOADS OF PRODUCTION ITEM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
GB2185139A (en) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-07-08 | John Andrew Coughlan | An aerial banner for towing by an aircraft, and modules therefor |
GB2254720A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1992-10-14 | Gore & Ass | Security enclosure |
-
1977
- 1977-04-19 GB GB16213/77A patent/GB1575542A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-04-19 JP JP4622078A patent/JPS53132079A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3214940A1 (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-12-16 | Pervel Industries Inc., 06374 Plainfield, Conn. | TO PROTECT AGAINST ELECTROSTATIC LOADS OF PRODUCTION ITEM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
GB2185139A (en) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-07-08 | John Andrew Coughlan | An aerial banner for towing by an aircraft, and modules therefor |
GB2254720A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1992-10-14 | Gore & Ass | Security enclosure |
GB2254720B (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1993-02-17 | Gore & Ass | Security enclosures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS53132079A (en) | 1978-11-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |